I don't know if you have seen the map, people who often look at the map will always find some "strangeness" in the map, because the provincial division line is too unreasonable. Compared with the horizontal and vertical of foreign countries, China's provincial division line is particularly chaotic and unreasonable. Why can't it be horizontal and vertical? Why is it so messy? Normal people may be fine, but these problems can kill obsessive-compulsive disorder. When Jiang Lang first looked at it, his expression was as follows.
But after careful understanding, the inner expression is as follows.
Don't worry, Jiang Lang will take you to understand and see what is the principle of China's provincial division line?
The first factor: geographical factors
The first reference condition for the division of provinces is the geographical factor, the initial people are relatively simple, there are not so many bad old men, and there is no routine between people and people. For convenience and efficiency, they are all divided according to mountains and rivers, that is, Yufen Kyushu. One advantage of this division is that it is convenient for the current dynasty to send people to manage. Because the mobility in ancient times was particularly low, basically a person would not leave home within a hundred miles from birth to death. For example, Zhou Tianzi divided the princes, the purpose is to let the princes manage the people in their jurisdiction, and then live a good life together.
The second factor: interlacing of canine teeth
Since the local people had been listening to the orders of the princes, slowly Zhou Tianzi's words did not work. Zhou Tianzi wanted to take back his rights, but helplessly, those princes all repelled Wang Shi according to the danger of mountains and rivers, and finally the Zhou Dynasty was finished. Therefore, when the future dynasties were divided, they thought of making the princes intertwine their teeth, because once the princes wanted to rebel, then they could easily clean him up.
Therefore, when dividing, they deliberately destroy local geographical advantages, the most typical example is Sichuan. Sichuan has a natural geographical advantage: it occupies fertile land, known as the "Kingdom of Heavenly Palace"; it occupies a dangerous mountain and river, and the surrounding mountains are strong enough to withstand a million heroes. Li Bai said in "Shu Dao Difficulty" that Shu Dao is more difficult than ascending to heaven, let alone carrying out large-scale military operations here. Liu Bei occupied Sichuan and allowed Cao Thief's army of hundreds of thousands of people to suppress the territory without any fear. The Mongol cavalry swept the world, but did not enter Sichuan for 36 years, and was rejected by Wang Jian.
After learning this series of painful lessons, the subsequent Yuan Dynasty immediately divided Hanzhong. Moreover, successive dynasties did not dare to give Hanzhong to Sichuan, for fear of another separatist force. The purpose of the interlacing of canine teeth is to destroy the original geographical advantages, so that the princes can no longer rely on favorable terrain to easily rebel. The advantage is that it can play a role in maintaining stability, and the disadvantage is that it creates some unreasonable divisions. To this day, Sichuanese feel that Hanzhong should divide Sichuan rather than Shaanxi, but it has not been redivided.
The third factor: economic average
Manpower is an unstoppable disaster and is regarded as a natural disaster. Natural disasters are generally very serious, and the harm to the people is also very large, and natural disasters have occurred many times in ancient times. If a natural disaster occurs in a place, then the imperial court must mobilize the masses to relieve the disaster, after all, in ancient times, there was no four links and one reach and SF. But in general, the dynasty could not eat it, so it simply let the place solve it by itself. Some places have money, so there is no problem, but some places have no money, and the imperial court does not want to be dragged down all the time, so it simply combines the moneyless and the rich into one piece, and the classic case is northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong.
At present, the coal bosses in northern Shaanxi are quite rich, but before the industrial revolution, northern Shaanxi has always been living a hard life. Once a natural disaster occurs, it is simply not something that the people can resist. Guanzhong is different, eight hundred miles of Qinchuan is rich in oil, and the people will accumulate some surplus grain to survive the famine year. The dynasty tied northern Shaanxi and Guanzhong together, then there is a disaster brother can help the point, although the days are not good, but it can always pass, otherwise wait for Li Zicheng to appear.
The fourth factor: regional autonomy
Regional autonomy is the so-called ethnic autonomous region, and there are five autonomous regions on the mainland, namely Zhuang, Tibet, Hui and Uyghur. This is generally the case of ethnic minorities, who have a higher degree of autonomy over the management of internal affairs than other administrative regions. This is also a problem left over from history, the Qing Dynasty's five-ethnic datong plan was not completed, and then the five-ethnic republic was proposed, which has continued until now.
The fifth factor: cultural segmentation
Of all the divisions, only the cultural division is the most important, and of course this is also very complicated. Let's take Gansu as an example, and it is not an exaggeration to say that gansu's provincial division is the most perfect of all provincial divisions. The same line is in the vast desert, strangling the throat of the five counties. This sentence is the best portrayal of Gansu, and the people in charge of Gansu in the past are basically the emperor's extreme trust. Gansu is like a wedge, firmly hitting the middle of ethnic minorities, forcing the junction of Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia to break.