In daily life, talking and doing things is actually a science, which tests our interpersonal communication and ability to deal with the world, and also pays attention to these things in the ancient officialdom. At the site of Fangmatan in Tianshui, Gansu, archaeologists unearthed some Qin Dynasty bamboo janes, among which the "Official Chapter" revealed the secrets of speaking in the official field of the Qin Dynasty. How exactly should the Qin Dynasty officialdom speak? If you are also curious, the following Xiaobian will reveal the secret to you from scratch.
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Located at the foot of Maiji Mountain in Tianshui, Gansu, according to historical records, the Zhou royal family once herded horses here, so it was also named Muma Beach. In April 1986, when villagers were building houses in the Fangmatan forest area, some caves were found at the collapse site because of the overnight torrential rains that caused the houses to collapse. The villagers were very puzzled, so they took a flashlight to take a picture of the cave, and saw that there were many scattered wooden planks and a few piles of bamboo, so they thought that the cave was an ancient tomb.
A few days later, the experts of the local cultural relics station rushed to Fangma Beach after some investigation and research to determine that the cave was a Qin and Han ancient tomb, and also surveyed the surrounding area of nearly ten miles, and found a large number of Qin and Han ancient tombs. Experts say the tombs are well preserved and have no traces of theft, so they are in urgent need of excavation and protection. As a result, from May of that year, experts began a large-scale clean-up of the Fangmatan tomb group.
During the excavation process of more than 3 months, experts cleaned up more than 100 tombs and unearthed more than 400 cultural relics, such as ancient coins, pottery, wooden lacquer and copper mirrors, but the largest excavation in the entire excavation process was the Qin and Han Bamboo Jane, a total of 460 pieces, and most of them were well preserved. Experts sorted out the bamboo janes into categories, of which the "Book of the Day" was the largest, with 452 pieces, followed by the "Tomb Master's Record", which had 8 pieces, briefly telling the life deeds of the tomb owner. Studies have shown that the contents of the Book of The Day are very rich, involving the politics, laws, folklore and official system of the Qin Dynasty.
The contents of the 12 pieces of the "Official" are somewhat interesting, telling how officials report their work to officials, and when. For example, the Son, Dan has words, joy, listening, ugly, Dan has words, anger; An (Yan) has beautiful words, Chen, Dan has words, does not listen; An (Yan) Xu; Sun does not listen; Xi please, listen, and so on. Among them, the son, the ugly, and the tatsu all indicate the time, that is, the twelve hours of the day, and then different hours of the day to report to the officials will get different results, sometimes happy, expressing willingness to listen, and sometimes angry, indicating unwillingness to listen, and sometimes will get good words, or bad words, all show the mood and anger of officials.
Perhaps you also wondered, why were ancient officials moody? In fact, if you study the "Official's Chapter" carefully, you can still find some laws. For example, if you report to officials on these hours, such as zi, 卯, end, and unitary, there is a high probability that you will get good results, while other time periods will have to be careful in your words and deeds, and if you anger the officials, you will not only report things badly, but also be punished, and even lose your official position and life. It can be seen from this that it is not easy to mix well in the ancient official arena.
Not only in the Qin Dynasty, but also in all dynasties and dynasties, the promotion and demotion of officials has a great relationship with the top boss, because in ancient times it was an official-based society, and through the 12 "Official Chapters" let us know that this was even more so in the Qin Dynasty society. In fact, the sayings in the "Official" are not only applicable to ordinary officials, but also affect ordinary people. Imagine if the people do not consider the time, they will go directly to the officials to explain things, if the time is right, if the time is not right, it will definitely not get the expected effect, and even be dragged out by the officials to punish. Therefore, the "Official Chapter" can be regarded as a time guide for reporting work, and I think it is more than the officials at that time.
Compared with other cultural relics, bamboo is a very common category, so it is also the most easily overlooked cultural relics, but its value is far beyond our imagination. If there is no bamboo Jane, it will be difficult for us to have an accurate understanding of the real situation of ancient society, and it will be difficult to have other new discoveries, so we must pay attention to the value of Bamboo Jane.
Resources:
"Research on the Simplified Style of Zhan Gu YouShu in Fangmatan" by Cheng Shaoxuan, Publisher: Zhongxi Bookstore
Wenlan Hairun Studio Editor-in-Chief Wen Xiucai, this article is written by: Special History Writer: Liu Lijiang's