Illustration: Stills from the movie Anna Karenina
List of books read by Zhongnian/
This book: (Russian) Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina
Among the world's top ten famous works, the Russian writer Lev Tolstoy accounted for two parts, namely "Anna Karenina" and "War and Peace", the two focus is different, but its charm, influence and dissemination are unprecedented, until now, it still has an unshakable position in the history of world literature.
Among them, "Anna Karenina" has been adapted into a variety of art forms, but there are many versions of the film, and each adaptation will arouse strong attention, which shows how wide an audience this literary work is.
The novel was written in the 1870s, when Russia was in a period of great historical change, the ancient feudal monarchy was invaded by Western capitalism, and the whole society underwent earth-shaking changes.
As Leo Tolstoy wrote in the novel: Everything is turned upside down, everything is just beginning to be established. This sentence aims to show that the old order of the original feudal aristocracy has been overthrown and that a new capitalist system has sprouted.
In this social context, people's ideological concepts and behaviors have also undergone unprecedented changes, and the most direct embodiment is marriage and family.
The opening sentence directly sets the tone of the whole novel: "Happy families are mostly similar, but unhappy families have their own misfortunes." ”
The novel has two main lines, which revolve around two different stories, the first of which revolves around the heroine Anna, her husband Karenin, and her lover, Count Vronsky, who represent a pedantic, hypocritical and selfish aristocratic class.
The other thread revolves around another woman, Gong Kitty and Levin, who represent the emerging bourgeoisie, and Levin was also a forerunner of agrarian reform. He is recognized as the embodiment of the author Lev Tolstoy because of Levin's struggles and contradictions, and also the contradictions of Levtor Tolstoy in real life.
The heroine Anna is infected by Western capitalist ideas, the female consciousness gradually awakens, and her feudal marriage with her husband Karenin for many years does not bring her any happiness, so after meeting Count Vronsky, she falls.
She felt like she had met love, and she had never been so energetic and never so determined. For her, it seemed that she had never lived for herself for so many years, and at this moment, she was ignited, and it was worth paying the biggest price.
If you read the original book, you will find that although Anna betrayed the marriage, it is difficult for you to hate her, because she herself is a victim of the feudal marriage. Her husband Karenin was an emotionless bureaucrat, he never loved her, and he thought that whether there was love in the marriage was not important, what was important was decency.
He has raised hypocrisy to a level that is difficult for ordinary people to understand, and Anna not only does not feel happiness in this marriage, but also often doubts life, and often feels that there is no point in living.
The difference between the two is exactly twenty years, there is no emotional basis, there is no common language, every day step by step, what time to get up, what time to go out, what time to meet guests, what time to work and what time to go home, etc., all of which are clearly arranged.
With Karenin, Anna felt that she was not a person, but a machine, and she never knew what she was living for, as if she had been born to live as a machine.
Finally, Anna began to rebel, and after meeting Count Vronsky, she was openly with him, and the high society at that time was far more hypocritical than we think, they all secretly dated lovers and maintained long-term relationships, but none of them said it thoroughly, and they were proud of it.
The more lovers a person has, the more they can explain their social status, and they use the wealth and status they have inherited to blatantly trample on morality and openly challenge human nature. How prosperous it looks on the surface, how rotten it is behind it.
Anna's blatant presence with Count Vronsky was tantamount to unveiling the fig leaf of high society.
She rebelled not only against her own tragic fate, but also a whole feudal and decaying old era, but her strength alone was too weak after all, even if she desperately abandoned her family and ran to love, it was not a happy ending.
Because in the context of a social situation in a period of change at that time, she was destined to become a victim, she sacrificed, people's consciousness will gradually awaken, it can be said that her death is doomed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="26" > rushing to love, pursuing freedom, and eventually becoming a victim of the change of the times</h1>
On the train to Moscow, Anna met the mercurial and personable Count Vronsky, even though she was the mother of an eight-year-old at the time, and her charm was still unstoppable.
In just a few days, Count Vronsky's heart was taken away by Anna, and he followed her back to Petersburg, waiting for her downstairs all day.
At first Anna was hesitant, knowing that she was married and had an eight-year-old child, and that the love was not allowed and doomed to no outcome.
But in the end, she lost to her heart, and she felt that she should live for herself once in this life, so she openly spent time with Count Vronsky, and openly provoked her husband Karenin and proposed a divorce.
What was Karenin's reaction to discovering that his wife had betrayed him? He wasn't angry, he wasn't angry, as if that was to be expected, so his first thought was how to maintain his face.
It was this attitude that infuriated Anna completely, and she finally determined that Karenin had no love for herself.
So in the days that followed, she was even more brazen with Count Vronsky, and soon became pregnant with his children, and they went on vacation like newlyweds, as if there were only each other left in the world, and no one else.
That time should be the happiest period of Anna's life, because she felt a short period of freedom, she was living for herself, she was pursuing her own love.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="35" > the selfishness and hypocrisy of Count Vronsky, not worthy of Anna's affection and simplicity</h1>
It was just Anna, who had finally paid by mistake, and she had left everything to be with Count Vronsky, which also meant that she had not left herself any way back, and the more she loved, the more Count Vronsky felt suffocated, the more he wanted to flee.
He was only in his twenties, the age when he was supposed to be crazy, he was indulging in the glitz of high society all day, surrounded by countless girls who offered their courtesy to him, he felt that his vanity had been greatly satisfied, and he really did not want to return home and see Anna's resentful face.
He may still have love for Anna, but even if he did, this love was consumed in the quarrels day after day, and he was initially infatuated with Anna because Anna was unattainable and cold; but later, when he got Anna, he suddenly found that it was no more than that.
It is this attitude that exposes the most hypocritical side of human nature, so I think that as long as we understand the hypocrisy of Count Vronsky, we can also understand the complexity of human nature.
In the original book, Leo Tolstoy describes the selfishness and hypocrisy of Count Vronsky in such a passage, he writes:
"Count Vronsky has his own set of principles, knowing what to do and what not to do, and this set of rules clearly stipulates that the debt owed to the professional gambler must be paid, but the wages owed to the tailor can not be repaid; it is not possible to lie to men, but to women, not to deceive women, but to deceive women's husbands; not to forgive others' insults, but to insult others as much as they want, and so on.
This set of rules may not be reasonable, they are not correct, but they are beyond doubt, and Count Vronsky obeys them, feels at ease, and strides before people. ”
From this passage, it can be seen how double-standard and hypocritical Count Vronsky is, and his love for Anna is not as deep as it seems on the surface, and he loves himself more than he loves Anna.
After all, Anna's husband Karenin is in a high position, and Anna herself is one of the most important people in high society, and being with such a noblewoman with status is tantamount to raising her value for herself.
Anna eventually commits suicide because she realizes that marriage is no longer marriage, the family is no longer family, and love is no longer love, and her tragedy exposes the hypocrisy of high society, in large part because of the irresponsibility of Count Vronsky.
His selfishness lies in the fact that he thinks only of himself in everything, but he can never afford Anna's life, and his fickleness, his escape, his calculations, are all the straws that crush Anna. It's enough to wake us up to how expensive it is to credulously believe in love.
Leo Tolstoy's "Anna Karenina", as one of the world's top ten masterpieces, is worth pondering in all aspects, and if we can understand every character in the book, in the future course of life, we can probably penetrate a lot.
Recommend the following genuine "Anna Karenina", divided into upper and lower volumes, such a classic world masterpiece, no matter from which point of view, there is no reason to miss.
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