On April 22, 1951, the Fifth Campaign to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was officially launched. At the beginning of the battle, the volunteer army attacked fiercely, advancing more than 70 kilometers across the line. However, in the later stages of the campaign, due to the continuous elongation of the front line and the frenzied bombardment of enemy aircraft day and night, serious difficulties arose in the logistics supply of the volunteer army, and the front-line troops were already short of food and ammunition. On 21 May, Shiji sent a telegram ordering the 3rd, 9th, and 19th Corps: Due to the lack of means of transport, the lack of food and ammunition, and the fact that the American troops on the western front had come to the aid of the east, it would be more difficult for me to continue to expand the offensive, so the Fifth Campaign was temporarily over.
In order to ensure the safe retreat of the main force and to cover the transfer of the wounded, Shiji asked the corps to send powerful troops to block the enemy. The Third Corps entrusted the task of breaking the rear to the 180th Division of the 60th Army, and the division commander Zheng Qigui led his troops to fight with the American army on the south bank of the Han River for three days and nights, and after completing the cover task, they took the initiative to retreat. However, due to the mechanized march of the American army and the overwhelming superiority of troops, the 180th Division was unable to get rid of the enemy on the way back and was trapped at Eagle Peak Mountain on May 28.
At this time, after several days of fierce fighting, the 180th Division had run out of ammunition, and the receiving troops sent by Commander Wei Jie could not reach Eagle Peak Mountain because they encountered enemy resistance on the way. Faced with a desperate situation, Zheng Qigui, commander of the 180th Division, decided to disperse the whole division to break through. However, the enemy had already surrounded Yingfeng Mountain on all sides, and the 180th Division's breakthrough was eventually defeated, thousands of people were killed and captured, and Zhang Wenrong, who was then the radio operator of the 180th Division, was also unfortunately captured.
Zhang Wenrong, a native of Liaoning, was admitted to the 23rd Communications Section of the Whampoa Military Academy at the age of 22, becoming the last batch of Huangpu students in the Kuomintang army on the mainland. In December 1949, Zhang Wenrong, led by principal Li Yongzhong, declared an uprising and became a glorious soldier of the People's Liberation Army. After the outbreak of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, Zhang Wenrong followed the 60th Army into the Korean War and served as a radio operator in the 180th Division, with a rank equivalent to the rank of the main platoon. During the breakthrough of Yingfeng Mountain, Zhang Wenrong was wounded in the leg, unfortunately captured, and was imprisoned by the enemy in a prisoner-of-war camp on Geoje Island.
At that time, many of the guards in the camp were Kuomintang agents from Taiwan, and when they learned of Zhang Wenrong's experience, they tried their best to woo him, but Zhang Wenrong refused. The angry enemy used all kinds of torture on Zhang Wenrong, and finally forced him to submit. Because Zhang Wenrong had a specialty in telegraphy, he was soon selected by the enemy for espionage training. On the night of February 18, 1952, Zhang Wenrong and three other special agents boarded a U.S. military transport plane wearing volunteer uniforms and carrying pocket-sized transceivers, Soviet rifles, small American-made grenades, maps and compasses.
After the plane took off, Harrison, the U.S. agent in charge of the operation, announced that the destination of their trip was the Taniyama-gun area west of Cheorwon, and the mission was to collect relevant information such as the local volunteer army's grain depot and ammunition depot, and to guide the target for the BOMBing of the US aircraft. At about 2 a.m. on February 19, the enemy plane flew over a large mountain in Taniyama County. Harrison ordered Zhang Wenrong's Group G to take the lead in parachuting, Zhang Wenrong took the parachute and walked to the hatch first, Harrison and the others did not find anything unusual. Unexpectedly, when Zhang Wenrong walked to the door of the cabin, he made a surprising move.
After Zhang Wenrong was captured, in the face of the enemy's severe torture, he pretended to submit, because he had worked in the Nationalist army, was still a Huangpu graduate, and was also proficient in briefing, so he was quickly selected by the US military and trained as a spy. The US military successively sent Zhang Wenrong and others to Japan and Seoul for training, and the main subjects included small arms shooting, intelligence reconnaissance, explosive assassination, communications, and parachuting. In training, Zhang Wenrong was very positive and successfully won the trust of Americans.
After the end of the fifth campaign, the volunteer army concentrated in Tieyuan and other places to rest. In order to find out the readiness of the volunteer army, the US military decided to airdrop a group of spies to Taniyama County to spy on intelligence, and Zhang Wenrong was personally named by Harrison to participate in this operation because of his positive performance in training. After the plane took off, Zhang Wenrong quietly made preparations in the dim cabin, and he quietly held a small grenade in his hand when others were not paying attention.
When Harrison ordered Zhang Wenrong to jump for the first time, he very calmly carried the parachute to the hatch, and when he reached the hatch, he suddenly pulled open the pull ring of the grenade, quickly threw the grenade into the cabin, and then turned around and parachuted, and the cabin was suddenly full of ghosts crying wolf howl. Harrison was closest to the hatch, and the veteran agent managed to skydive to escape in the instant the grenade exploded, and the other agents would be blown to pieces along with the plane. Harrison was captured alive by volunteers after parachuting, and his confession confirmed Zhang Wenrong's feat. Zhang Wenrong was rewarded with 800 yuan, which was a considerable amount at the time, but due to people's prejudice against prisoners of war, his military rank has not been restored. In 2000, Zhang Wenrong died of illness at the age of 74.
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was a national war for our country, and this battle brought out military and national prestige, and made the whole world look at New China with astonishment. Written by the famous writer Li Feng
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