The war changed the fate of the 42nd Army, and the Agricultural Reclamation Army became a heroic army, which was recorded in the history of the war.
As the first combat unit to enter the DPRK, the 42nd Army, because of its outstanding achievements, the 42nd Army, which had already begun to engage in agricultural production, finally escaped disarmament again and again, and now it is stationed in Guangdong."
Lingnan Xiongshi
" name.
The 42nd Army is the youngest unit in the history of our army, the unit originated from the South Manchuria Military Region of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army, and was later reorganized into the 5th Column by three independent divisions on the local forces of Liaonan and Liaodong.
The 5th Column is the only unit of our army code-named the 5th Column. Other field armies were afraid of the performance of the 5th Column during the Spanish Civil War, which became synonymous with spies, spies, and rogues. Therefore, when the various units in the country were reorganized, they did not have the name of 5 columns.
At this time, the commander of the army was a personal name."
Don't be afraid of ten thousand, just in case (Yi)
"Lieutenant General Wan Yi.
Wan Yi was born in Dalian, Liaoning Province in 1907, joined the Northeast Army after graduating from the Northeast Army's Lecture Hall, and then followed the Northeast Army to the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region, serving as the acting regimental commander of the 3rd Brigade and 7th Regiment of the Northeast Army, after which he began to understand the workers' and peasants' revolution, and in 1936 he became the youngest regimental commander of the Northeast Army. In February of the following year, he was arrested and imprisoned by the reactionary forces.
In January 1938, he participated in the defense of Nanjing, and only he survived the whole regiment, and secretly joined the Communist Party in March and became a special member of the Communist Party of China.
In 1940, Wan Yi and other patriotic generals expelled Miao Chengliu, the commander of the army who colluded with the Japanese army, out of the army, and in 1941 he was arrested by counter-revolutionaries and imprisoned in the Lusu Theater Prison, and in August 1942, before Chiang Kai-shek ordered execution, he escaped into the coastal anti-Japanese democratic base area, and later joined the 111th Division to lead the transformation of this unit and became the coastal detachment of the Eighth Route Army.
In September 1945, he led his troops to the northeast, and in July 1946 he was appointed commander of the 1st Column, and in May 1947 he was appointed political commissar of the 1st Column. In March 1948, he was appointed commander of the 5th Column.
After the establishment of the 5th Column, it fought many battles, but the results were not excellent, until the annihilation of the new Nationalist First Army in Montenegro made it famous.
The new First Army was the unit that Sun Liren and others fought against the Japanese army in Burma, and after absorbing and replenishing the equipment of the United States and Japan, the new First Army became one of the five main forces of the Kuomintang, and in March 1946, it went north to the jinzhou front.
In 1948, the 148th Regiment of the 50th Division of the New First Army and the 39th Regiment of the 5th Column fought in the villages of Cha shed Nunnery and Wangjia, and the 39th Regiment used bayonets, grenades and explosives to kill a bloody road from the middle of the two villages, and defeated the main regiment. In the great chaos of the Sun family shack, the New First Army was completely destroyed, only the commander escaped, and in October, the New 38th Division surrendered, and in November, the last division of the New First Army, the 53rd Division, surrendered.
In March 1949, Wan Yi was transferred to the commander of the Special Forces Command, and Wu Ruilin succeeded him as the commander of the 42nd Army.
Born in 1915 in Bazhong, Sichuan, Wu Ruilin joined the Youth League in 1928 and joined the Red Army in 1932 while joining the Communist Party. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he worked in Shandong, and then followed the troops to the northeast, and repeatedly served as the commander of the Andong Military Region of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army, the commander of the Liaoning South Military Region and the commander of the independent division, the deputy commander of the Fifth Column of the Northeast Field Army, and the commander of the Forty-second Army of the Fourth Field Army.
In January 1949, the 42nd Army participated in the Battle of Pingjin, first conquering Changping and Shahe, cutting off the retreat route of the Kuomintang, and then occupying Fengtai with brother troops, encircling Beiping, participating in the Anxin Campaign, and completely annihilating the Nationalist army Anyang garrison. In June, it entered the western and southeastern Henan regions to suppress bandits, and the 124th Division and the 155th Division participated in the Battle of Western Hubei. Later, it entered the Battle of Chuandong, and the 155th Division was transferred to the Central and Southern Military Region.
In February 1950, the 42nd Army was transferred to the northeast, and after receiving the notice that it would be abolished, it began to learn the knowledge of agricultural production, and then was transferred to Qiqihar and Bei'an to start agricultural production tasks.
The 42nd Army has also engaged in agricultural production with great sound and color, and there is a trend of professionalism in the whole army
。
Right here
The Korean Civil War broke out
, the U.S. military is approaching the northeast, seriously
Threatened the security of my Northeast
，
The fate of the 42nd Army also changed
The 42nd Army and the 13th Corps formed the Northeast Border Defense Army. Later, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out, and the 42nd Army became the first combat unit to enter Korea.
Although the 42nd Army was the first to enter the northeast, it was not the main combat force. Since the 42nd Army was formed relatively late,
The old Red Army and the old Eighth Road are very few
Most of them were recruits, and there were few hard and bad battles, so before going to the Korean battlefield, Gao Gang introduced this unit to Mr. Peng and said that it was one
Second Class Troops
These words reached the ears of Wu Ruilin of the 42nd Army, he
Determined to play a look out
Although the 42nd Army
Not the ace workhorse
, but from the moment it entered the Korean battlefield, it achieved very good results.
The 42nd Army was
The first force to enter North Korea
, 4 days ahead of other units,
It was also this unit that decided the anniversary of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
On the night of October 1, 1950, the 42nd Army marched ahead of schedule, and in the absence of military music and military trumpets, the 42nd Army took the lead in entering Korea, and no other troops entered Korea and sang "Majestic and Exuberant, Crossing the Yalu River". This is the real scene of the first troops entering the DPRK to cross the Yalu River.
During the first battle, the 42nd Army, in accordance with the operational command of the headquarters, put forward the slogan of "first the enemy to seize the Yellow Grass Ridge, and fight the first battle abroad", but the volunteer army did not have air superiority, there were very few cars, in order to avoid the enemy's bombardment, the troops could only march at night, and the 42nd Army marched quickly on the two legs of the soldiers, but it was difficult to seize the Yellow Grass Ridge in front of the enemy.
Wu Ruilin immediately made a decision and ordered the 124th Division to form an advance team to explore the enemy situation first, followed by the 370th Regiment. The advance team reached Huangcaoling first, and the Korean People's Army handed over its troops and equipment to the volunteers, and then the volunteers relied on these vehicles to deliver two battalions to Huangcaoling in a day before the enemy, occupying several important forward positions.
Huangcaoling, also known as "Dedong Pass", is located in the Chosin Lake area at the southern foot of the Changbai Mountains and is a military stronghold in northeastern Korea. Huangcao Ridge and Battle Ridge are the main peaks of the Wolf Forest Mountains, with an altitude of between 1,000 and 2,000 meters, large and small peaks stretching in all directions, cliffs and cliffs everywhere, dense jungles, staggered mountains, and roads winding from canyons to Yellow Grass Ridge, above which is a wall of thousands of feet, below which is the abyss, which is a must for the enemy and me in the battlefield on the eastern front.
The slogan raised by the 42nd Army at that time was:
According to the danger, they fought with the enemy to the death, turned the Yellow Grass Ridge and the Battle Ridge into the ghost gates of the enemy army, and no enemy was allowed to cross except for the enemy's wandering souls and prisoners
。 ”
The advance team immediately began to build the fortifications and prepare. The first shot was fired
machine
Gunner Jupik.
Zhu Pike was a machine gunner of the 4th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 370th Regiment, when his unit was defending the 796.5 heights in Huangcaoling, after dawn on October 25, Zhu Pike looked down the mountain and found that there were more than a dozen South Korean soldiers who had not yet unsuspectingly climbed to the top of the mountain with their guns, and had not yet found the 4 companies occupying the top of the mountain.
Zhu Pike's first shot fired the first shot of the Huangcaoling Blockade Battle and the first shot of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and this day was designated as the anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army's War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
The battle had just begun, the sky was not beautiful, the weather began to deteriorate, it snowed, the sky became very cold, which added difficulties to both sides, but it was even more difficult for the volunteer army, the enemy had coats and advanced equipment, but the volunteer army only had single clothes and pants, no cold protection equipment at all, not even food.
Beginning on the morning of the 27th, the enemy dispatched more than 100 planes, taking turns bombing and strafing the positions, and the enemy rushed into the positions in battalions, and the offensive became more and more ferocious again and again, but they were all repelled again and again by the fighters of the 4 companies, and the next day hundreds of planes and hundreds of cannons were bombarded. MacArthur was even more urgent: "With maximum strength, lay down the Dedong Pass (Yellow Grass Ridge) and move forward quickly."
The U.S. 7th Division and the U.S. 1st Marine Division rushed to support.
The 4 companies fought bloodily for three days and three nights, repelled more than 20 enemy attacks, destroyed more than 260 enemies, and killed 14 people in the whole company.
Yellow Grass Ridge Hero Company
" title.
At the same time, hold on
Yantai Peak
The 4th Company of the 371st Regiment was also fought bitterly.
Yantai Peak is located 30 kilometers in front of the right front of HuangcaoLing, and the main peak is about 898.9 meters, echoing the 727 Highlands in the northeast. Yantai Peak is the gateway to Huangcao Ridge, and to capture Huangcao Ridge, you must pass through the dangerous pass of Yantai Peak.
On October 31, the U.S. 7th Marine Regiment, supported by aircraft, artillery, and tanks, launched a fierce attack on Yantai Peak.
The soldiers of the 4th Company Demolition Group destroyed the tanks in front, the remaining fighters rushed out of the position and launched a white-knife battle with the enemy, the 4th Company repelled the enemy's multiple attacks, and after a day of fierce fighting with the enemy, Yantai Peak was still in the hands of the 4th Company. At the same time, the 2nd Battalion launched an attack on the flank of Yantai Peak, causing the enemy attacking Yantai Peak to flee in the wind...
On November 1, the U.S. army launched another onslaught on the enemy, after repeated battles between the two sides, by noon there were only 6 people left in the 1 platoon of the position, at this time the U.S. army had occupied half of the main peak, company commander Liu Jun pulled out his gun and led the remaining non-combatants to rush to the main peak, just when they arrived at the main peak, they met a row of American troops with bayonets, and at this tense moment, the trumpeter blew the military trumpet...
The strength of 1 regiment of the US Marine Division stormed Yantai Peak
5 Day and Night
When the commander of the 4th Company rushed to the main peak, the few people he led, a total of only 19 soldiers, including 4 wounded. Liu Jun encouraged his subordinates:
We must hold out until dark and wait for the main forces to counterattack
The enemy once again launched a fierce attack on the position, Liu Jun led the remaining 19 fighters to fight back fiercely, 4 companies and 1 platoon of machine gunners Guo Zhongquan broke a leg but he also picked up the machine gun to strafe, the hand-to-hand combat was very fierce, in the melee, Liu Jun was seriously injured, unconscious, the commander Of the Division, Zhang Qunsheng hugged the company commander and shouted: "Company commander! Captain! ”
Company commander Liu Jun woke up and said to him, "Hold your position!" I can't do it, so you can be the official commander. ”
Zhang Qun was born on the banks of the Yalu River in the northeast, he would play the trumpet before joining the army, and after joining the army, he became a trumpeter, and he studied humbly. Because he was enthusiastic and brave in battle, there were still many "ideas", and his comrades-in-arms affectionately called him "Commander Xiao Zhang".
The U.S. army once again opened the way with aircraft and artillery, and then more than 200 U.S. troops rushed up, Zhang Qunsheng led the remaining fighters to launch a fierce counterattack, and after the bullets and grenades ran out, they were stoned, and finally repelled the U.S. attack. When he picked up the company commander again, he could no longer hear his voice at this time...
From sunrise to sunset, he has been fighting with the enemy. The enemy again left more than 200 corpses, and 11 soldiers were killed on the position, but the position still stood there.
The enemy was still not dead-hearted, and on November 2, a fierce offensive was launched against the position, and the 1st Marine Division dispatched more than 400 aircraft and more than 100 howitzers to launch a new round of bombardment of the position. Under the cover of more than 40 tanks and armored vehicles, a regiment of troops was dispatched to launch an onslaught on the position...
The war was brutal, and the battle at Yantai Peak showed a tug-of-war situation, repeatedly competing. In the end, the Americans left the hillside full of corpses and wounded and retreated, and the position remained in the hands of the 4th Company. The 2nd Battalion also sent reinforcements to Yantai Peak.
On November 3, the U.S. military again sent more than 20 aircraft to carry out a round of bombardment of Yantai Peak, followed by heavy artillery bombardment, which lasted for more than an hour, and then the infantry attacked the position under the cover of tanks and armored vehicles. The volunteers, however, could only use rifles, bayonets and grenades to fight back against the enemy, and without firearms, the volunteers used bayonets, stones, fists, and even teeth and hands to bite and scratch...
Wave after wave of attacks by the US army was repulsed by 4 companies, Yantai Peak was still under the firm control of the volunteer army, and the 4th company of the 371st Regiment was awarded by the superiors."
Yantai Peak Hero Company
"Glorious title.
The war was scorched, and the volunteers fought very badly, but the positions were still occupied by the enemy.
At this time, other units of the 42nd Army had also reached Yantai Peak. Commander Wu Ruilin personally led the army to come to the aid of the battle, organized 4 battalions of troops, took advantage of the enemy's unstable foothold, suddenly attacked the enemy position at night, attacked Yantai Peak from the flank, and annihilated 1 reinforced platoon of the US army stationed by the enemy.
The 3rd Battalion also took advantage of this time to take 400.1 heights, completely annihilated the enemy's artillery battalion command post, and more than 1,000 people of the 3rd Battalion went deep alone and decided to hold the heights.
At dawn, 1 regiment of the US 3rd Division launched a fierce attack on the 3rd Battalion under the cover of more than 60 aircraft and more than 20 tanks, but the 3rd Battalion calmly responded to the battle and broke the enemy's attack many times...
According to the history of the U.S. army, when the volunteer soldiers found a weak gap in the defense line, they rushed down the valley. In the melee at night, Chinese seemed to be everywhere. A Chinese tank rushed all the way to the command post of the U.S. First Battalion, indiscriminately firing at mortar positions, vehicles, and even individual soldiers. Although a Marine Rocket hit the tank, its turret suddenly turned and destroyed the Marines' rocket launch group with just one shell. At dawn, the Marines found themselves and Chinese at the bottom of the valley. The Chinese army occupied the road between the first and second battalions, and the Marine companies were scattered on the ridges, many of which were cut off from each other. At this time, another regiment of the Chinese rushed to help the battle.
In the end, the 42nd Army won the victory in the defensive battle of Huangcaoling, completed the task of blocking the enemy, and favorably cooperated with the main force of the Western Front.
On the 7th, the volunteer army was ordered to withdraw from the position and assemble in Liutanli.
The Huangcaoling Blockade Battle lasted for 13 days and nights, and the 42nd Army successfully completed its task and also played the momentum of the 42nd Army. It made Huangcao Ridge a sad place for the enemy and also became the Hero Ridge of the 42nd Army.
The Battle of Huangcaoling has also been recorded in the history of wars in various countries in the world. The U.S. military wrote Wu Ruilin and the 42nd Army into the history of land warfare
The first battle of the Korean War made the originally unknown 42nd Army famous, and in the second battle, the 42nd Army still achieved very remarkable results.
In the second campaign, according to Peng's original plan, the 38th Army and the 42nd Army jointly captured Tokugawa, annihilated the Korean 7th Division, and then jointly captured Ningyuan to annihilate the Rok 8th Division.
Due to the delay of the 38th Army in the first battle, the commander Liang Xingchu was criticized by Peng Laozong, and this time he planned to take Down Tokugawa himself, so he told Deputy Commander Han Xianchu that he had taken Down Tokugawa and let the 42nd Army do what to do.
Wu Ruilin, who heard the news, was angry, but Wu Ruilin was happy when he thought about it, and the 38th Army went to fight Tokugawa, and he was also able to take Ningyuan.
Wu Ruilin originally planned to win by surprise, taking advantage of the opportunity that the right wing was mountainous and the road was rugged and defensively empty. However, because of the rough road, only one regiment can open the road in front, but this plan has a drawback, once the regiment that opens the road is blocked, the whole plan is in danger of falling short.
As a result, the plan really went wrong, and the enemy found himself out of touch, so he left a battalion in Monsanto, and the main force seized the strategic point between Monsanto and Ningyuan.
The South Korean army occupied the Monsanto Heights and the 378th Regiment of the 42nd Army that seized Monsanto and launched a fierce battle, the position was not captured, and the 124th Division that arrived behind was in a very embarrassing position, advancing, unable to enter, retreating, and not daring to retreat without orders.
Wu Ruilin's plan was about to collapse, the 42nd Army was blocked, and the South Korean army had time to escape. Faced with such a situation, Wu Ruilin immediately made a decision, changed the battle plan, and suddenly changed the battle plan, if it was a miscellaneous unit, there might be problems, but the 42nd Army quickly began to attack according to the new battle plan.
Under the new battle plan, the South Korean 16th Wing could not hold out any longer, and the 21st Wing, which had withdrawn to the right wing of Yeongyuan, was also blocked by the volunteers. Soon the Korean 8th Division collapsed completely. Seeing such a favorable situation, Peng Dehuai immediately ordered the 42nd Army to continue to attack bravely, and the next day, the 42nd Army captured Ningyuan, and on the third day, it captured Monsanto and conquered Beicangli, and the Korean 6th Division fled in the wind. The 42nd Army has won successive battles and victories all the way, and the momentum is like a bamboo.
In the third campaign, the 42nd Army and the 66th Army took on the task of attacking on the Eastern Front, and the two armies cooperated with each other to break through the enemy's defensive line, invaded the Gapyeong area 50 kilometers south of the 38th Line, annihilated 6 enemy regiments, killed more than 3,900 prisoners, and captured a number of weapons.
In the fourth battle, the 42nd Army paid a terrible price, but it was suppressed by the enemy's huge firepower, which caused heavy losses to the 125th Division of the 42nd Army and was forced to abandon Tongpyeong-ri, which became an important factor affecting the situation of the Korean War.
At the beginning of the battle, the 42nd Army, together with its brother troops, annihilated the enemy in one fell swoop in the Battle of Hengcheng and achieved excellent results. However, in the ensuing Battle of Pingli, because the horses were frightened and exposed the target, the artillery 42nd Regiment was bombed by aircraft, and there was no way to provide fire support to the 42nd Army, and the 42nd Army was suppressed by the superior firepower of the US army, making the Battle of Pingli a hard-hitting and bloody battle.
Without the support of artillery fire, the 42nd Army fought a bloody battle with the enemy with the light weapons and flesh and blood in hand, causing heavy losses to the troops, and finally withdrew from Pingli.
According to historical sources, the 3 regiments of the 42nd Army suffered more than 600 casualties, and the casualties of the 3 corps units participating in the siege of Pingli were relatively small. Subsequently, the 42nd Army blocked the offensive on the Eastern Front and conducted more than 40 days of defensive operations, resisting the northward offensive of the United Nations Army and buying time for the stabilization of the entire front. Throughout the fourth campaign, the 42nd Army suffered a total of 6112 casualties, paying a great price.
At the time of the fifth campaign, because a large number of troops in the rear had already entered the Korean war, the 42nd Army and the first troops withdrew to rest, and the 42nd Army retreated to the Yangde area to rest.
Due to the loopholes in the turning stage of the campaign, the command took the opportunity to sing the empty city plan, and the situation was very dangerous. The 42nd Army received the order to give up rest and hurried to the headquarters to defend the headquarters. If it is one more day late, then the whole command will fall.
After that, the 42nd Army undertook the garrison task of the Western Front and participated in the anti-autumn offensive and other operations.
In November 1952, the 42nd Army triumphantly returned to China and was welcomed by Prime Minister Kim Il Sung.
In the two-year War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the 42nd Army annihilated a total of 30,716 enemy personnel, making great contributions to the entire War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and after several major battles, it finally stood out as the famous 42nd Army.
Later, the 42nd Army was stationed in Guangdong for many years, and even participated in the counterattack against Vietnam. In 1985, the 42nd Army was reorganized into the Army's 42nd Group Army.