After three years of the Korean War, our military and the United Nations army are negotiating, hoping that both sides can take a step back .
armistice!
This issue has been discussed for nearly 2 years, and the two sides have always had differences, and the biggest reason for not getting along is that"
Repatriation of prisoners of war
"Problem.
At the beginning of the negotiations, our side had already released a large number of enemy prisoners of war in order to show its sincerity. However, the US military did not mean this at all.
The U.S. side not only did not release the prisoners, but also established a prisoner-of-war camp on Geoje Island
And also used a series of despicable means to mutilate Chinese and North Korean prisoners of war, and the US military also proposed"
Voluntary repatriation
"and"
Bloody screening
”。
“
" means
The U.S. military did not follow the personal wishes of the prisoners of war and used strong means to send them to the Taiwan government
。 But our volunteers are all hot-blooded men, and of course they will fight the enemy to the end. Therefore, in order to make the prisoners of war obey their orders, the United States launched a campaign against them."
"As long as the prisoners of war refuse the request of the American army,
They will be killed in all kinds of cruel ways.
1. Prisoner-of-war camp on Geoje Island
Due to "
Prisoner-of-war camps
"The news is closed, so we are not aware of the news that the prisoners of war have been mistreated by the US military. Until February 1952,
A U.S. plane was blown up by a prisoner of war
Later, the prisoner of war found the volunteer unit, informed the American army of its actions to annihilate humanity, and pierced the American army."
Voluntary repatriation
"Self-directed scam,
This also gives us the initiative in negotiations.
This one"
First prisoner of war
"It is
Former radio operator of the 180th Division of the Chinese Volunteer Army - Zhang Wenrong.
When Zhang Wenrong was captured, the US military carried out inhumane torture to extract a confession, and later Zhang Wenrong pretended to surrender to the US army.
Reluctance to repatriate
"Of"
Petition
"There was a mudra on it, but it was only a stopgap measure.
He pretended to agree to the request of the US army, in order to make the enemy let down his guard against him, so that he could give the US army a fatal blow. Zhang Wenrong was on the US plane at the time, and saw that they no longer paid attention to themselves.
He immediately jumped from a height of 10,000 meters, threw the grenade he had secretly hidden into the plane with his backhand, destroyed the plane and killed people, and Zhang Wenrong also successfully escaped.
Second, the first returned prisoner of war - Zhang Wenrong
Moreover, at that time, the US military also bit back at the negotiating table, saying that the Chinese and North Korean troops mistreated the US prisoners of war, but it was good for Zhang Wenrong."
Fryer
"It's timely.
As the first volunteer prisoner of war to return to China, what is zhang Wenrong's superiority after all, so that he can still calculate the US army in extreme and harsh environments?
Zhang Wenrong was born in Liaoning Province in 1926 and was admitted in August 1948
Kuomintang Chengdu Army Officer School
In the 23rd period of the Communications Section, because of the situation at that time, Zhang Wenrong became one of the last batch of Huangpu students of the Kuomintang on the mainland. During his time at the school, he underwent rigorous and intense study training, and he mastered it well
Radio broadcasting
and other special skills.
After Zhang Wenrong graduated, he saw that the Kuomintang was already in a state of stagnation, and it seemed politically and militarily incompetent. Especially at that time, the anti-civil war movement was underway, which also gave him a great touch, and Zhang Wenrong began to take an interest in the Communist Party.
Third, they want to defect to the Communist Party
When he was fine, he wondered why the well-equipped U.S.-backed Nationalist government had failed so quickly. But the isolated Communist Party can be reborn in the cracks and become more courageous as it fights. At this time, Zhang Wenrong had the idea of defecting to the Communist Party, and he wanted to have a bright future.
November 1949, along with
The Battle of Liaoning, the Battle of Huaihai, the Battle of Pingjin, and the Battle of Crossing the River
After the victory, the main force of our Second Field Army and the first part of the Fourth Field Army, under the leadership of Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping, intended to liberate the great southwest, and on December 8 of the same year, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping launched the Chengdu Campaign.
The Kuomintang army was surrounded from the east, west, and south, while the Eighteenth Corps led by He Long commanded the south, vigorously pursued Hu Zongnan's forces, and commanded to surround them from the north.
In this way, Hu Zongnan, who had high hopes for Chiang Kai-shek, was beaten by the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army and did not even have the opportunity to fight back.
Fourth, support the uprising
On December 9, he was a general in the southwestern front of the Kuomintang
Liu Wenhui, Lu Han, Deng Xihou
When people have successively announced uprisings, it is not difficult to see that the general trend of the Kuomintang has gone, and there is no need to pay attention to them at all. December 10,
Kuomintang leader Chiang Kai-shek ordered Hu Zongnan to stay in western Sichuan to clean up the mess, while he himself fled to Taiwan by plane, with the rest of the Kuomintang troops also going.
After Chiang Kai-shek escaped,
Nearly 3,000 students at the Army Officer School all graduated early
Among them is Zhang Wenrong. During this period, the Kuomintang also tried to organize them to fight the People's Liberation Army to the end, but li Yongzhong, the head of the school education department, refused, and then they immediately contacted the Communist Party, hoping that these students would devote themselves to the revolutionary cause of the Communist Party and abandon the secret and turn to the light.
On December 23, Li Yongzhong called a general meeting of all the students on the way to the west, and the meeting mentioned the current situation, and the KMT was no longer reliable, and now it could only rely on itself. Subsequently, he introduced the matters related to the agreement on the uprising agreed upon by the Communist Party.
Most of the students gave their support and expressed their strong support for the uprising.
5. Join the Volunteer Army to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
On December 25, Li Yongzhong officially announced the uprising of the Army Officer School,
After the uprising, Zhang Wenrong and his classmates were incorporated into the Southwest Military and Political University Chuanxi Branch
After more than half a year of study, Zhang Wenrong actively absorbed progressive ideas, so he not only had a significant improvement in technology, but also had an unprecedented understanding of his thinking.
He was determined to go to the combat unit to train himself, so soon after the end of the study, Zhang Wenrong was killed
He was assigned to grass-roots units and participated in the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Railway and other roads
。 During that time, Zhang Wenrong lived every day very tired and fulfilling, but he had only one belief in his heart, that is, to actively work hard to dedicate himself to the revolutionary cause.
In June 1950, the United States took advantage of the outbreak of the Korean Civil War to brazenly attack North Korea, while also bombing towns on China's northeast border. In October of the same year,
Our volunteer army also crossed the Yalu River and rushed to fight in Korea.
And Zhang Wenrong, who was still at the construction site of the Chengdu-Chongqing Road, was called upon by the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
Resolutely joined the volunteer army with all the insurgents.
Sixth, break the UNashamed remarks of the US military
After the approval of their superiors, Zhang Wenrong and others joined the Volunteer Army to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, a total of more than 400 people. In December of the same year, he was selected to be sent
The 180th Division of the Sixtieth Army of the Third Corps served as a regular platoon operator
He then immediately threw himself into the Fifth Battle of Korea. In April 1951, China and the United Nations had already been conducted
Four battles
The contest.
And in 1950, the U.S. military was unashamed to declare that "
To occupy North Korea before Christmas to go home for the holidays
", but our volunteers don't spend their time on"
brag
"On the top, although the equipment and supplies of our volunteer army are scarce, the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army still face the difficulties and are more courageous in the Vietnam War, which fully embodies the revolutionary spirit of not fearing hardships.
After six months of fighting, the Volunteer Army has initially mastered the experience of defeating the enemy's hardcover equipment with inferior equipment, so our leaders have taken measures to comprehensively improve the combat effectiveness of the Volunteer Army."
Take turns fighting, take turns to rest
"Tactics. First recall the corps that suffered losses on the front line for recuperation and recuperation.
7. Mobilize troops to continue the fighting
Subsequently, other domestic troops were sent to replace the previous corps and continue to fight with the U.S. army. At that time, the Central Committee was mobilizing the Third Corps and the Nineteenth Corps to participate in the battle, and Zhang Wenrong and others entered the Korean battlefield with the Third Corps in this mobilization of troops.
Subsequently, the Korean People's Army also made a rectification,
The strength of the Chinese and North Korean armies had reached more than 1.3 million at that time, of which our volunteer army accounted for 950,000 people.
It was definitely a huge amount of data at the time. Although the equipment of the volunteer army has been improved a little, the situation on the battlefield at this time is not optimistic.
In order to save the current situation, the "United Nations Army" headed by the US Military quickly mobilized a large number of troops to support it, and also prepared a set of operational plans: To carry out operations in the rear of the volunteer army's flank."
Second Inchon landing
", from the Waist of North Korea,
Build a new line of defense.
8. Launch the Fifth Campaign
It has to be said that the US military's wishful thinking was very loud, and the situation on the side of the volunteer army was not very good, because it was a corps of newly entered Korean troops, so they had no clue about the enemy situation and terrain, and they did not know where to start fighting at all. Moreover, the volunteers had reached their limits of physical strength after a long journey and had not yet recovered.
The most crucial thing is that the early troops who entered the DPRK were greatly reduced and have not been replenished, and the US military is crazy about our volunteer army."
Strangulation
", let the volunteer army on the battlefield is not moving. In order to regain the initiative on the battlefield, the commanders of China and the DPRK launched an initiative on April 22."
The Fifth Campaign
After the fifth battle began, a total of 14 armies of the Chinese and North Korean armies simultaneously attacked the American army on a front of more than 200 kilometers. In one fell swoop, it broke through the enemy's defense system, and then quickly adopted a strategy of onslaught. In the first phase of the offensive, the Chinese and North Korean troops advanced seventy or eighty kilometers.
Ix. Initial victory, ammunition supply is scarce
Now is not the time to rejoice, the war is not over, after the first phase of the attack, our troops decided to move the main force to the east, first annihilating the 6 divisions of the South Korean army on the eastern front. With a clear operational plan in place, we began the second phase of the offensive on May 16.
The volunteers annihilated more than 17,000 people in just two days.
South Korean Army
Under the fierce pursuit and fierce fighting of the volunteer army, they could not form an army, and in the panic they could only
Flee to the mountains to avoid pursuit
It is like a dog that has lost its family, but because of this wave of operations by the South Korean army, our army has not achieved the goal of annihilating the enemy completely. Five days later, the Volunteers advanced another fifty or sixty kilometers on the Eastern Front, and happily the Twelfth Army had reached the vicinity of the 37th Parallel.
The Ninety-first Regiment was inserted behind enemy lines for up to 150 km,
Later, because the retreating troops of the volunteer army were divided and surrounded by the US army, there were hidden dangers. In the case of difficult transportation in the rear, the volunteer army could only persist in fighting under the condition of food and ammunition, and many soldiers
Feed on the roots of the bark and grass alone
。 For this reason, the headquarters of the Volunteer Army had to order the main force to withdraw to the north of the 38th Line for recuperation.
10. Ridgway ascended to the throne
In these two stages of the offensive, the volunteer army annihilated nearly 60,000 enemy troops and successfully gained the initiative in the Korean battlefield.
However, since the troops were physically and mentally exhausted from fighting, they ordered the main forces of the corps to move to
The lines of Weichuanli, Shuoning, Wenhuili, Shanyangli, Yangkou, and Yuantongli and their north.
Prior to this, every retreat of the People's Liberation Army relied on the advantage of being good at mountain sports warfare and throwing off the enemy's pursuit, but this time it was completely different from the past. The Commander-in-Chief of the United Nations Forces is no longer arrogant
MacArthur
Up, by insidious cunning and shrewd
Ridgway ascended to the throne
His appearance put a lot of pressure on the PLA at that time.
Ridgway proposed it as soon as he took office."
Magnetic tactics
"The method of combat, because he knows that the PLA is now short of ammunition supplies, at this time he still has a good chance of winning." Therefore, the US side sent two mechanics to quickly block the South Korean defense line after 10 hours and pestered the PLA there.
11. Set up "special detachments" to encircle and suppress the volunteer troops
On 22 May, Richie ordered 7 divisions as the main force, and then mobilized 13 more divisions to counterattack the volunteers, and also formed tanks and motorcycles."
Task force
”。 They also had combat aircraft in the air, and with the cover of aircraft, the enemy was even more arrogant, running directly from the road to the volunteer army, and in a short while they advanced more than ten kilometers.
The fighters who attacked the Chinese and North Korean forces in such a fierce attack could not keep a low profile, and they were gradually defeated, and eventually the retreating troops of the volunteer army were intercepted south of the 38th Line. The offensive of the US army has not stopped, quite fierce. Therefore, when the Central Committee of our Party learned of the situation, it immediately issued an order:
Depending on the actual situation, leave a division or an army to cover the retreat of the main force.
”
In this way, Wang Jin, deputy commander of the Third Corps, ordered the Sixty Army to stay behind to cover the retreat of the main force, but the actual situation of the Sixty Army at that time was not much better, it can be said that it was extremely bad, and the 179th Division and the 181st Division under the Sixtieth Army were not allocated to the Twelfth Army and the Fifteenth Army, so it was therefore
The Sixty Army now has only one 180th Division, and one division singles out the U.S. First and Seventh Divisions.
XII. The 180th Division fighting alone
Such a situation is undoubtedly a big problem for the 180th Division, just like the mantis arm as a car, with almost no chance of winning. But the ability of the volunteer army was great, in the face of danger, they did not flinch or hesitate, and the soldiers of the 180th Division fought to the end with only one platoon of troops, still dead to contain the enemy.
However, because of the tacit understanding of the cooperation of the various units,
The 180th Division's right-hand men, the Sixty-third and Fifteenth Armies, chose to withdraw in order to preserve their strength, while the 180th Division was unaware of their decision.
Now it really becomes a lone soldier. Got the news in advance
Commander of the Sixty Army, Wei Jie
He immediately ordered the 180th Division to retreat north quickly.
Just at this time, the 180th Division received a telegram from the Three Corps, which showed it
Organize the transport of the wounded
。 But the Sixty Army took the contents of the telegram
misunderstand
For the sake of "
Cover the retreat of all wounded
", therefore
The 180th Division was ordered to hold off in place
The other teams retreated in batches, and in the end only the 180th Division was left to hold on, and their consequences were believed to have been predicted.
13. Stunned by enemy shells
The battle between the 180th Division and the enemy continued, and as the volunteer soldiers of the 180th Division fell one by one, there were very few people in the entire division, and they fought with the enemy when they fought empty-handed. At this time, the US army has surrounded it on three sides,
Just as the remaining fighters of the 180th Division were preparing to break through, the Americans dropped countless ammunition, and more than 600 volunteers died heroically.
Zhang Wenrong and the remaining three thousand or so warriors, in
Division Commander Zheng Qigui
Under the leadership of this, the soldiers converged on Eagle Peak in two ways, but unfortunately, the enemy army had already reached Eagle Peak one step ahead of them, and when they broke through the layers of encirclement to Come to Eagle Peak, the enemy rushed up like ants, and there were still more than two thousand people left in the army.
Faced with such a dangerous situation, the division commander Zheng Qigui
Documents and radio stations burned
Then led the warriors to fight guerrilla warfare in the mountains.
Zhang Wenrong and his teammates were stunned by enemy artillery fire during the breakout, and by the time Zhang Wenrong woke up from his coma, he and his teammates had been captured by the US army.
And the mountain is full of enemy troops with wolfhounds, and it seems that they will not let go of one.
Never succumb to the severe torture of the enemy
Zhang Wenrong and others were imprisoned by the enemy after being captured
Geoje Island prisoner-of-war camp
, as mentioned earlier"
hell
”。 Over here
The U.S. military tortured Jang Wen-wing, and the instruments of torture on Geoje Island were not as good as they had not tried
But even so, Zhang Wenrong and the others still did not say a word, but only showed a mocking smile at the enemy, as if to say:"
What can you do to me?
The enemy thought they couldn't ask anything, so they brought them to the area."
Slag hole
Later, because there were too many prisoners at that time to see, the US military contacted Taiwan and mobilized some Kuomintang to guard it.
When the Kuomintang learned that Zhang Wenrong and Yang Wenhua were students of the Whampoa Military Academy, they coerced and lured them to allegiance to the party-state.
Zhang Wenrong did not refuse at the first time, but chose to delay the time, Zhang Wenrong and Yang Wenhua and the underground organization of the prisoner of war camp discussed,
In the end, it was decided to pretend to surrender, to take advantage of his unpreparedness and surprise.
At last
Yang Wenhua also became the deputy commander of the Eighty-sixth Company in the prisoner-of-war camp.
Fifteen, pretend to surrender, burn down the U.S. military warehouses
After having this title on his head, Yang Wenhua would often use his position to protect some prisoners of war who had just come in, reduce the damage they suffered, and at the same time make peace
The capitulating traitor Li Da'an fought
Once, he also hit Li Daan hard, and then he was there
Under the cover of Zhang Guanpu and Wang Rongsheng, the warehouses of the US troops were burned.
On the other hand, the AMERICAN prisoners in China and North Korea, the treatment between them is simply very different,
Not only will we not torture them, but we will also give them the treatment of masters, and in the case of extreme scarcity of materials, we will not deduct their supplies, three meals a day will not be less, eggs and milk will be available every day, and even Christmas will help them hold Christmas parties and give red wine to celebrate.
Here, many enemy prisoners of war once again felt the warmth of home,
Even when we released the prisoners of war to return to China, nearly 21 prisoners of war chose to continue to live in China.
That's it."
Care
I believe that this is a place that the enemy army at that time could not think of for a lifetime.
16. Zhang Wenrong was favored by the enemy army and delusionally wanted to be used by him
Continuing to talk about the enemy's side, because the warehouses of the American troops were burned, which made the enemy very angry, and ordered that the culprit must be found. In the end, the enemy army still found Yang Wenhua's head and hung him on the beam of the house and beat him severely, but Yang Wenhua was a "
Hard bones
Whatever torture the enemy used against him, he said only one sentence:"
Long live the Communist Party!
Li Da'an, a prisoner of war of the volunteer army, dug up Yang Wenhua's heart alive and showed it to the public,
It was really a wolf's heart and dog lungs, it was able to inflict such a poisonous hand on the compatriots of the past, in the face of the encounter of his classmates, Zhang Wenrong was not immersed in sadness, he was waiting for an opportunity, an opportunity to bring heavy damage to the enemy army.
After the wolf's ambitious U.S. army saw the prisoners of war,
On a whim, he wanted to select some of the prisoners of war who were willing to surrender, train the spies for their own use, and then send the well-trained spies to our army to sabotage.
Zhang Wenrong, because he graduated from the Whampoa Military Academy, was immediately selected by the US military, at that time
Zhang Wenrong knew that the opportunity he was waiting for had come, so he pretended to agree to the enemy's request.
Seventeen, bear the burden of humiliation, the opportunity has come
Because when he was at the Whampoa Military Academy, Zhang Wenrong was proficient in the ability of radio telegraphy, so he was highly valued by the US military, and the enemy even sent him to Japan for training.
After some time, the enemy thought they had built these."
Senior Agent
"It has been completed, they are very satisfied, thinking of their own plan, the US side is immediately in a happy mood, because the Volunteer Army to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea has always been a thorn in their hearts." If this plan of mine succeeds, it will be a good thing to kill two birds with one stone.
But for Zhang Wenrong, the long-awaited opportunity finally came, the joy on his face could not be concealed, a bold plan slowly took shape in his head, although it was extremely dangerous, but he must do it, now just need to wait for the final moment.
At 2:20 a.m., the plane arrived at the designated location, and the US officer ordered Zhang Wenrong and others to prepare for parachuting.
XVIII. Blow up enemy fighters and succeed in the plan
Isn't this the opportunity that Zhang Wenrong has been waiting for? He knew that if he could succeed or not, it would be time to skydive, and he secretly loaded the grenade he had prepared earlier into his gloves.
At the moment when Zhang Wenrong parachuted, he immediately pulled the iron ring on the grenade and reflexively threw the grenade into the cabin.
Suddenly
U.S. planes were blown up
The troops on the ground were very surprised, and there were two parachutes in the air that slowly landed on the ground, why two people? Because there is a name called
Harrison
The officer was quick-eyed and successfully parachuted before the grenade exploded. Although his life was saved, he was killed by us as soon as he landed
Volunteers are captured
。
Zhang Wenrongjian fell into a big mountain, he knew that his crazy plan had succeeded, looked at the luminous meter,
At 2:40 on February 19, 1952, he would never forget it.
Subsequently, he made contact with the troops of solsan, and since his identity had not yet been confirmed, he handed over all his weapons.
19. Zhang Wenrong's perfect "rescue"
afterwards
Zhang Wenrong reported to the leaders about his capture by the enemy and the enemy's plot
。 Finally, he gave an account of the U.S. prisoner-of-war camp."
And all kinds of cruel and lawless behavior of the enemy army.
Zhang Wenrong's move to blow up the plane immediately embarrassed the US military, which was arrogant at the negotiating table, and the US military had nothing to say in the face of ironclad evidence.
On the issue of prisoners of war this time, the US military can no longer grasp the initiative, and I believe that the US military already knows what it feels like to steal chickens and not to eat rice. Zhang Wenrong, as the most critical figure in the reversal of the negotiation situation, was affirmed by his superiors in 1958, and his deeds were widely circulated in the military!