"And to the First Emperor, Yu Lie of fen vi, Zhen Chang Ce and Yu Yu Nei... Knocking and whipping the world, threatening the world. "The State of Qin, as the first great unified empire in Chinese history, has opened up countless historical precedents, it was strong for a time, annexed the Eight Wastes, and in only nine years, it unified the Seven Heroes of the Warring States and created an imperial hegemony.
The State of Qin began with Qin Xiangong, in the face of the aggressiveness of the Six Kingdoms of the Central Plains, it has always endured humiliation and burdens, and has been bent on seeking a way to change the law and strengthen the country, and by the end of Qin Xiangong's later years, the State of Qin has pacified the domestic chaos and laid a solid foundation for opening up the road to rise.
Since the beginning of Qin Xiaogong, the Qin state has gone through the Shang Martingale Transformation Law, Zhang Yilianheng, Wei Ran Lijun, Fan Suiyuanjiao, and Bai Qi to attack and kill, and the Qin State, under the leadership of Qin Xiaogong, Qin Huiwen, Qin Wu, and Qin Zhaoxiang, has gone out of the HanGu in the east, repeatedly breaking the six kingdoms, and the Qin state has leapt from a small country outside Guanwai to a common lord of the world and dominates one side.
After that, after the Qin state was firmly ruled by King Xiaowen of Qin and King Xiang of QinZhuang, the national strength reached its peak, and the destruction of the Six Kingdoms was only within the fingers of the King of Qin.
Weak Korea and strong Zhao State
In 238 BC, at the age of 22, the 22-year-old King Zheng of Qin quelled the rebellion of the eunuch Yan Yi and took the opportunity to eliminate the eunuchs. The following year, he also took advantage of the rebellion of Concubine Yi to dismiss the powerful minister Lü Buwei from his post, dismissed all heretics in the court since the pro-government, and truly achieved monopoly of power.
There is a proverb: "The general trend of the world, the combination of long will be divided, the long time will be united", at this time, the Zhou Dynasty that maintained the world has long been destroyed by King Qin Zhaoxiang, such as today if you want to return to the unified situation, there is only one way to conquer by force. After disbanding the dissidents, The Qin Emperor Yinzheng began a war to unify the Six Kingdoms.
Among the Seven Heroes of the Warring States at that time, Korea was the smallest but the closest to the Qin State, and its location in guanzhong was very important to the Qin State, and several generations of kings of the Qin State pursued the national policy of "long-distance attack", so that South Korea spent a long time in the indemnity for the Qin State.
However, if he attacked Korea, it would inevitably cause a strong reaction from Wei and Zhao, so the Qin king Yingzheng took advantage of the war between Zhao and Yan to send the generals Wang Qi and Huan Yi to defeat the Zhao army in a row, and finally Zhao Guo had a chance to breathe under the power of the general Li Mu.
Through the "Battle of Fei" and the "Battle of Fanwu", the Qin army achieved the goal of weakening the Zhao state, turning its eyes to South Korea, which was constantly cutting up land and losing land. In 230 BC, the Qin king Yingzheng attacked the Korean capital xinzheng, and the han king An went out of the city to surrender, and The former dominant korea became the first country to be destroyed under the calm of the wind and waves.
King Yingzheng of Qin changed Korea to Yingchuan Commandery, and for the surrendered Han Wang'an, Yin Zheng remembered that he had contributed to his surrender, and still let him live in Handi.
But God made a joke to this king of the subjugated country, after the destruction of The Republic of Korea, the people with lofty ideals in Han were extremely ashamed of Han Wang'an's surrender, they secretly plotted against Qin, but because the incident was exposed, they were suppressed, and poor Han Wang'an was also executed by Yingzheng for this incident.
The demise of Korea heralded the beginning of the Qin Empire's unified chariot, and once this chariot moved forward, it was bound to stop.
In 229 BC, the King of Qin turned his target back to his old enemy, the State of Zhao, who had just experienced an unprecedented earthquake and famine, and everyone could see that the heavens would die of Zhao. Of course, Yin Zheng would not let go of this opportunity, so he sent Wang Qi and Yang Duanhe to besiege the capital of the Zhao state, Handan.
At the same time, King Yingzheng of Qin also bribed Guo Kai, the favorite minister of King Zhao, to make him constantly say bad things about the general Li Mu in front of King Zhao, and to provoke the relationship between King Zhao and Li Mu. Sure enough, the fainting King Zhao listened to the rumors and executed the general Li Mu, and the last hope of the Zhao Kingdom was extinguished by the King of Zhao himself...
With Li Mu's death, Zhao Jun was in an uproar and suddenly lost his fighting spirit. The Qin general Wang Qi led an army all the way into Handan, killed the Zhao general Zhao Cong, and captured The King of Zhao, and in order to avenge the previous Zhao state's retreat from Qin, Yin Zheng personally ordered that all the nobles of the Zhao state be killed. As for the monarch Zhao Wangqian, YingZheng placed him in the deep mountains until he died naturally.
The state of Wei and the state of Chu, which fought to the death
As the State of Qin successively attacked Han and Zhao, the Three Jins were left with only a corner of the State of Wei, in fact, when Qin destroyed Han and Zhao, the State of Wei repeatedly gave in for self-preservation, and many of its territories were annexed by the State of Qin. In 238 BC, the King of Wei recalled the Wei army to the capital city of Daliang and strictly guarded it.
But the King of Wei ignored a point, the capital of the Wei state, Daliang, was located between Yingshui, the chasm, and Suishui, and the abundance of water resources also meant that it could be flooded at any time, which gave the Qin army an opportunity to take advantage of it. In 226 BC, Wang Ben, the son of Wang Qi, led an army to attack Wei and dug a levee of the river, causing a large flood to flood the city of Daliang.
After soaking the walls of Da Liang City in water for three months, it finally could not support the collapse and collapse, and the King of Wei saw that the general trend had gone, so he had to surrender on his own initiative and declare the destruction of the State of Wei. Since the two countries of Wei and Qin had been attacking each other since the beginning of King Huiwen of Qin, after the False Surrender of the King of Wei, in order to avenge the hatred of a hundred years, Ying Zheng put the King of Wei to death.
After the death of king Wei, only qi, Chu, and Yan remained among the seven warring states, but the state of Qi had always remained neutral, and the state of Yan had also been seized by the state of Qin after Jing Ke stabbed Qin, and now the biggest obstacle in front of the qin king Was the state of Chu in the south.
The State of Chu once had the most extensive territory of the Seven Kingdoms, and at its peak it was said to have "millions of people", but in the late Warring States period, the long civil war of the State of Chu caused chaos and instability. In the face of this former power, when Yingzheng negotiated with his subordinates, the two generals Wang Qi and Li Xin gave different views.
The young General Li Xin believed that the Chu state had long ceased to be the glory of the past, and that only 200,000 people were enough to wipe it out. The veteran general Wang Qi believes that although the Chu kingdom is in decline, after all, it is a vast land, and if you want to destroy Chu, you must have 600,000 people.
In order to preserve strength and stabilize, The King of Qin agreed with General Li Xin.com. The veteran general Wang Qi retreated in a hurry to bid farewell to the King of Qin. As a result, the famous Chu general Xiang Yan successfully dragged down 200,000 Qin troops, and when the Qin army was exhausted, he launched a counterattack, and the Qin army was defeated.
After hearing of the defeat, Yin Zheng repented of his original efforts, personally apologized to the veteran general Wang Qi, and also agreed to Wang Qi's request to send 600,000 troops, and at this time, the Wang clan already had nearly 800,000 Qin troops. In order to dispel the thoughts of the King of Qin, Wang Qi constantly begged for a reward when he went out on the expedition to show that he was old and frail, and he had no second thoughts.
In 223 BC, Wang Qi left qin and entered Chu, fighting steadily and steadily along the way, step by step, encountering a city besieging a city, and in less than a year, the territory of the State of Chu was lost, the capital fell, and the King of Chu was captured. Xiang Yan also established Changping Jun as the new King of Chu, but within a year he was suppressed by the Qin army, and Changping Jun committed suicide and was martyred.
The self-destructive State of Yan and the State of Qi
After the fall of the State of Chu, the State of Qin was left with only the State of Yan and the State of Qi, and the State of Qi had always maintained a neutral posture, and it had always been ignored in the face of the fight of the Six Kingdoms. However, the State of Yan sent an envoy Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin when Qin destroyed Zhao, and the two countries have been at odds ever since.
In order to protect himself, King Xi of Yan personally killed his son Prince Dan, and blindly retreated when the Qin army attacked, moved the capital to Liaodong, and made overtures to the Qin state, but the Qin state did not stop its pace of unifying the world, but instead destroyed the Great Wall and accelerated its demise.
In 222 BC, Wang Ben invaded Liaodong and captured King Xi of Yan alive, for this king of the nest, the history books do not record his ending, but in the situation at that time, As a king of the fallen country, the end of Yan Wang Xi is self-evident.
After the fall of the Yan state, the state of Qi finally woke up, and under the whole world, only the huge State of Qin and the weak State of Qi remained. Considering King Jian's belligerent character, King Yingzheng of Qin began to bribe his close courtiers and persuade him to surrender.
Of course, persuasion alone is not enough to make a country subservient. At the same time, Yin Zheng ordered the general Wang Ben (王贲), who had destroyed Yan, to march south into Qi and push straight into Linzi, the capital of the State of Qi. Seeing that the State of Qi had been surrounded by the State of Qin, and that the five Kingdoms of the Central Plains had long since turned to dust, King Jian of Qi had to surrender the city and the State of Qi died.
Ying Zheng exiled the weak Qi Wangjian to a barbaric land called "Gong", where cypress trees stood and there were no people, and Qi Wangjian eventually starved to death here.
Looking back at the Qin Dynasty, which began with the destruction of Han in 230 BC and ended in 221 BC, it took only nine years, when Yingzheng was just thirty-nine years old, ending the situation of nearly 500 years of wars and disputes between the princes since the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and also marking the completion of the hegemony of the six generations of kings of the Qin State.
At this time, for the first time in The history of China was truly unified, the King of Qin called himself "Emperor", the history was called "Qin Shi Huang", the first centralized absolute monarchy in Chinese history, the Qin Empire was also established, and China's history has since entered a new chapter.