"The winner is the king, and the loser is the coward", this is an eternal truth. For example, in the "Chu-Han Struggle for Hegemony", Liu Bang won and established the Han Dynasty; Xiang Yu was defeated and killed himself by the river. The modern Communist Party and the Kuomintang have been fighting for half a century, and the Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-shek has finally been defeated by the Communist Party that conforms to the will of the people.
After the defeat, Chiang Kai-shek led the Kuomintang army to flee in defeat, and Chiang Kai-shek gave priority to Three places: Sichuan, Hainan, and Taiwan. Finally, under comprehensive consideration, Taiwan was selected as a relatively superior geographical, economic and political situation.
1. Chiang Kai-shek and his deeds
People are no strangers to Chiang Kai-shek, and the words "Kuomintang" and "anti-communism" are closely related to him. Born into a wealthy family, Chiang Kai-shek studied in Japan in his youth, and thus had the opportunity to join the League organized by Sun Yat-sen in Japan.
Through Chiang Kai-shek's own efforts in the League, he was soon appreciated by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the founder of the League. So much so that later, when Sun Yat-sen was preparing to set up the "Kuomintang Army Officer School", he also ceded the position of principal to Chiang Kai-shek.
Chiang Kai-shek in Sun Yat-sen's eyes was a man of courage and strategy who could concentrate on doing great things. When Sun Yat-sen was alive, Chiang Kai-shek was indeed such a man of outstanding ability. Later, Dr. Sun Yat-sen unfortunately died during the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation, which was a war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party against the rule of the Beiyang warlords.
After Sun Yat-sen's death, the heavy responsibility of the Northern Expedition fell on Chiang Kai-shek. It can be said that in the early days of the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek did his best to cooperate with the Communists to defeat the warlords directly under his command and occupy most of China.
However, chiang kai-shek, Wang Jingwei and other kuomintang rightists in the later period, instigated by imperialism, launched the "July 15th" and "April 12" counter-revolutionary coups that wantonly slaughtered communists. Not only did a large number of innocent Communists die for this, but it also directly led to the defeat of the Northern Expedition.
After the Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek began to lead the Kuomintang in an "anti-communist policy." The Policy of Encirclement and Suppression was implemented against the Communists, and in the end the Chinese Red Army did not hesitate to carry out a twenty-five-thousand-mile long march in order to preserve the main force.
What is even more excessive is that after the outbreak of the September 18 Incident, Chiang Kai-shek ignored the aggression of Japanese imperialism and turned to pursuing his compatriots relentlessly. This series of moves has chilled the Chinese people and made the Chinese Communist Party deeply worried about China's future.
When a foreign enemy invades, the most important thing at present is to preserve the foundation of the country. Therefore, the Communist Party of China wanted to unite with the Kuomintang to resist Japan, but Chiang Kai-shek was a very stubborn person, he hated the Communist Party, and his heart was bound to be reluctant to cooperate with the Communist Party, which forced Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng to launch the Xi'an Incident, and Chiang Kai-shek was forced to accept the policy of "uniting with the Communist Party to resist Japan."
This also opened the second Kuomintang-Communist cooperation. The anti-aggression campaign against Japan was generally divided into two parts: the War of Resistance on the frontal battlefield of the Kuomintang in the early stage and the War of Resistance in the battlefield behind enemy lines in the late period of the Communist Party. Of course, in this process, the two parties have also cooperated with each other and performed their respective duties.
In the course of the Kuomintang's early frontal battlefield resistance, he cooperated closely with the Communists and heroically resisted in the Battle of Songhu, the Battle of Taierzhuang, the Battle of Wuhan, and the Battle of Pingxingguan. Although the results were not satisfactory, they all dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese army, especially in terms of the japanese army's enthusiasm for combat.
However, this combat momentum of the Kuomintang did not last long, and in the later stages of the War of Resistance, the Phenomenon of Passive Resistance appeared on the Part of the Kuomintang. However, the Communist Party did not care about the previous accusations, and with the guerrilla war behind the enemy lines, it won one victory after another, such as the Battle of the Hundred Regiments led by Marshal Peng Dehuai, which is well known.
In the end, it was precisely because of the unremitting resistance and heroic fighting of the Communist Party that China's War of Resistance Against Japan ushered in victory. However, this cannot completely negate the role of the Kuomintang led by Chiang Kai-shek, and "excesses outweigh merits" may be the best description of Chiang Kai-shek.
Second, defeated and fled
After the victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in September 1946, China eliminated foreign invaders, and the immediate problem was the problem of domestic establishment. The Kuomintang advocates a one-party dictatorship, while the Communist Party stands for peace and democracy.
So Chiang Kai-shek used this issue to invite Mao Zedong to Chongqing for negotiations. Chiang Kai-shek wanted the people to see that he had made efforts to build the country, so as to shirk the responsibility for the civil war, and more importantly, to prepare time for his army and better launch a civil war.
Mao Zedong was naturally clear about the meaning of the negotiations, but he had to go again. After this negotiation, the KmT and the Communists decided to build a peaceful state and signed corresponding agreements. Unfortunately, Chiang Kai-shek did not agree, and later tore up the agreement, and civil war broke out.
The Kuomintang and the Communists experienced the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai, and Pingjin, and later the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and occupied Nanjing, which marked the complete end of the 22-year rule of the Kuomintang in Chinese mainland. After the fall of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai-shek led the remnants of the Kuomintang to flee in a hurry in order to preserve his strength.
3. Choose Taiwan
So where did Chiang Kai-shek flee? Treasure Island taiwan in China. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek had three alternative destinations at that time: Hainan, Sichuan and Taiwan. So why did you choose Taiwan in the end of these three destinations?
Excluding Hainan is mainly because of its economic factors. Hainan is located in the southernmost part of China, Hainan in the 1940s has not yet experienced reform and opening up, the economy is not more developed than now, the Chiang family behind Chiang Kai-shek at that time in the warlord melee period can be said to be located in the first of the four major families, Chiang Kai-shek's life is naturally a golden food, certainly will not go to an economically backward place.
The exclusion of Sichuan is mainly due to its geographical location. Sichuan is known as the "country of heavenly capital", and the economic aspect is naturally no problem; but because it is a basin, it has the characteristics of "easy to defend and difficult to attack", and it has become a place where soldiers must fight. Chiang Kai-shek's remaining troops were insufficient, and if the Communists launched an offensive, even if the terrain was superior, they would not be able to defend.
The final choice of Taiwan is definitely that it has both economic and geographical advantages. Taiwan was facing the sea on all sides, and it was difficult for the Communist Party to break in under the conditions at that time, and Taiwan was close to the United States, Japan, and other countries, so it was possible to escape directly if there was any accident.
There is also the historical factor of Taiwan, which was once occupied by capitalist countries and whose economy was much more developed than that of the inland at that time. Coupled with the fact that Chiang Kai-shek is a pro-Japanese and pro-US faction, it will be safer in Taiwan. Under comprehensive consideration, Chiang Kai-shek chose Taiwan as a place for him to enjoy his old age.
summary
Chiang Kai-shek has always been a controversial figure in history, and judging from his deeds to the Chinese Communist Party and China as a whole, Chiang Kai-shek has indeed done more than he has done. Later, he also launched a civil war because he wanted to implement a one-party dictatorship, but after the defeat, he fled in a hurry.
When choosing the destination to flee, he considered the economic, political, geographical and other factors, gave up Sichuan, which was easy to defend and difficult to attack, and Hainan, which was economically deficient, and chose Taiwan, which was also his only way back. However, because of this choice, there are still lawbreakers on the Taiwan side, but I believe that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the great cause of the reunification of the motherland will be completed.