The Qin Dynasty, in the history of China, is like a meteor that suddenly passes, and when it is brilliant, it is eye-catching and disappears in the blink of an eye. However, the centralized system established by the Qin Dynasty changed its appearance in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, which implemented a parallel system of counties and states, and it was not until the promulgation of the "Tui En Order" that the single core role of the central government was confirmed. So, why was the county-state parallel system implemented at the beginning of the establishment of the Western Han Dynasty? It's not that you don't want to, it's that you can't
First, why do we have to be counties and countries in parallel
Speaking of the parallel system of counties and states in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, then, we must first look at the Chu-Han dispute.
At that time, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu gathered a group of people under their hands and began to compete for the world.
But who is Xiang Yu?
Li Ba Shan is full of arrogance!
In the world, it can be regarded as the first fierce man!
Liu Bang was not good, a man of forty or fifty years old, coupled with not being good at leading soldiers to fight, so it was common for Xiang Yu, a descendant, to be thrown to the ground and beaten violently, and even the Battle of Pengcheng almost lost the basics.
However, Liu Bang himself can't do it, but people will use people, you see what kind of worldly heroes are under Liu Bang's camp.
However, the use of these haojie can not be used in vain, no one will give you free work, you have to give people great benefits!
Therefore, in order to deal with Xiang Yu's henchman, Liu Bang divided up a lot of kings with different surnames, thus forming a situation where a group of people beat Xiang Yu.
Among them are Han Xin, Yingbu and others.
Later, Xiang Yu was defeated and Liu Bang reunified the world. The king with a different surname was retained.
However, these heterosexual kings often have too much power in the feudal country, so Liu Bang is very jealous of them.
Middle-aged, Liu Bang is actually a man of understanding, so after the world was stable, he cooperated with Lü Hou, either explicitly or covertly disposing of many kings with different surnames.
Later, he thought that Qin had lost the world because he had not divided the same surname as the king, so he also deliberately made a so-called white horse oath, "Those who are not surnamed Liu but the king, the world will strike together." ”
Therefore, Liu Bang began to divide the princes with the same surname on a large scale.
In this way, in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, a situation of parallel counties and states was formed.
Second, what is the harm of the parallel counties and the country
However, do the princes with the same surname have a heart of submission to the central government?
Non also! Non also!
If the princes who have been enthroned do not have any ambitions, they will be fine, but once they have a disobedient heart, then it will be very dangerous!
After all, the power of the princes in the feudal country is infinitely equal to that of the emperor!
Armed with troops, money and food, if you want to rebel, basically all the conditions are met.
Moreover, if the central authorities directly command these princes, they will not be able to command them.
Therefore, during the time of Emperor Jing of Han, there was a rebellion of the princes because of the problem of cutting the domain, which was called the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms".
This rebellion was so loud that the emperor directly killed Chao, hoping to calm the anger of the princes.
As a result, the princes did not appreciate it, but instead thought that the imperial court was weak and deceitful.
Liu Hao even called himself the Eastern Emperor!
Fortunately, at that time, Zhou Yafu led the army to suppress the rebellion, and the months came to an end.
Third, when to truly achieve centralized power
After the "Rebellion of the Seven Kingdoms", many feudal states involved in the rebellion were directly abolished, so the centralization of power in the Han Court was greatly improved.
However, this is not enough.
During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, large-scale rectification began.
First the "Tui En Order" was promulgated, then the "Left Official Law" and the "Attachment Law" were promulgated.
The fiefs of the princes became smaller and smaller, and their status became lower and lower, and the princely states were counties and counties.
Later, Shuo Jin seized the knighthood and abolished a number of marquises.
At this time, it can be regarded as basically solving the situation of parallel counties and countries since the beginning of the Han Dynasty.
From then on, the princes could only eat, eat and tax, and no longer govern the country.
The local division factor can only be regarded as eradicated here.