In 1945, although the Japanese army announced unconditional surrender, it was still unwilling to give up the big meat of China, and in order to complete the plan of "making a comeback", they secretly left a Japanese army in Shanxi.
Yan Xishan
This place is
National Government Officials
As an out-and-out "pro-Japanese faction", Yan Xishan, in order to enable these Japanese troops to voluntarily stay, even abandoned the backbone and dignity that Chinese should have, and gave the Japanese army rich treatment.
In 1948, when the Battle of Jinzhong began, the People's Liberation Army pointed its sword at Shanxi, intending to eliminate the remnants of the Japanese army in one fell swoop, and Xu Xiangqian, as the commander, scolded Yan Xishan's treason at the pre-war meeting and made it
"Resolutely destroy!"
Instructions.
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What was the final outcome of the remnants of the Japanese army?
Signing ceremony for the surrender of the Japanese army
In 1945, although the Japanese army announced its surrender, its heart was still unconvinced, and it wanted to take the opportunity to stay in China in order to make a comeback, in order to realize this plan.
Ninji Okamura, commander-in-chief of the Japanese invading forces in China, made a proposal to He Yingqin, commander-in-chief of the Chinese Army, saying:
"The war between China and Japan has ceased, the biggest threat to the Nationalist army now is the communist army, there are still 300,000 Japanese troops in the Yangtze River and the Yellow River in central China, I suggest that we should not surrender our weapons for the time being, and I can stay in China to lead these Japanese troops and help you encircle and suppress the communist army under the command of your commander."
When He Yingqin informed Chiang Kai-shek of the Japanese army's request, Chiang Kai-shek slapped the table angrily and made it clear: "Although the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have a vendetta, our enmity with the Japanese army is even greater, Niang Xipi!" Let the Japanese army quickly disappear from my Chinese soil! ”
In this way, the Nationalist government seriously refused the Japanese army's request for cooperation, and in such a situation, there were only two ways for the Japanese army to go: first, to lay down its weapons and return to China; second, to secretly lurk in China, waiting for the opportunity to make a comeback.
Most of the Japanese army chose the first road and honestly returned to China, but the Japanese troops stationed in Shanxi chose the second road and stationed their troops in Shanxi. Seeing this, many people will have a doubt, since the Kuomintang and the Communist Party are not willing to cooperate with the Japanese army
How did the Japanese hide in Shanxi?
Speaking of which, I have to mention a pro-Japanese national government official—
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Yan Xishan was the director of the Appeasement Office in Taiyuan, Shanxi, who was in charge of the military and political power in Shanxi, and during the War of Resistance Against Japan, he often "saw the wind and steered the rudder" and wandered among the three forces of the Kuomintang, the Communist Party, and Japan, so Yan Xishan jokingly called himself "you can dance on the three eggs of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China." ”
In the early stage of the War of Resistance Against Japan, although Yan Xishan was close to the Japanese army, he still maintained a wait-and-see attitude, and the experienced man believed that it was not easy for the Japanese army to break through China and occupy China's land. Under the struggle of Yan Xishan, in 1941, he reached the "Fenyang Agreement" with the Japanese army, that is, the Jin Sui Army and the Japanese army maintained a state of armistice and did not invade each other.
In December of that year, the Pacific War broke out, and the United States declared war on Japan, and the accession of the United States made a turning point in the war situation of World War II, and the world set off a wave of "anti-fascism". In this context, Yan Xishan automatically ignored the "Fenyang Agreement" reached with the Japanese army, pretending to launch frequent attacks on the Japanese army for the sake of national righteousness.
The top brass of the Japanese army once analyzed Yan Xishan's behavior: "In order to avoid the sharp edge of our army, Yan not only communicated with Chiang Kai-shek, but also pretended to cooperate with us, and took advantage of the conditions of cooperation that our side could not implement to delay the negotiations and carry out the strategy of delaying the troops in order to protect himself. ”
Even if they discovered Yan Xishan's plot, the Japanese army did not give up on continuing to hook up with Yan Xishan, and in this way, throughout the entire period of the Anti-Japanese War, the top level of the Jin army led by Yan Xishan has been wandering in the gray area between China and Japan.
By 1945, the situation in the Sino-Japanese battlefield had undergone a major change, and some of the top brass of the Japanese army stationed in Shanxi began to consider the way out after the war, and the commander of the Japanese army in Shanxi, Sumita Sashiro, said to his subordinates:
"We can try to cooperate with Yan Xishan, and we are lurking in Shanxi to seek a comeback, which is better than going to a military court to be tried."
After this, the Japanese military high-level began to hold frequent talks with Yan Xishan, trying to persuade Yan Xishan.
Adviser to the Japanese government of Shanxi
Hiroshi Shirono
He said to Yan Xishan: "We hope to store the armed forces of the Japanese troops stationed in Shanxi in China. ”
After listening to Hiroshi Shirono's suggestion, Yan Xishan was overjoyed in his heart, and he told Hiroshi That he had long had the intention of cooperating with your army, hoping that your army could stay and seek a great cause with him.
The reason why Yan Xishan agreed to this conspiracy of the Japanese army was that he wanted to restore warlord rule after the war with the help of the Japanese army's strength, so Yan Xishan and the Japanese army stationed in Shanxi reached cooperation under their own small calculations.
At the beginning of September of that year, the two sides formally began negotiations in Taiyuan on the issue of the remnants of the Japanese army, which were conducted in a very confidential manner without any translation personnel, and lasted for five days from 12 o'clock in the evening to 4 o'clock in the morning of the next day, and the two sides agreed on the following points:
1. The Japanese army was organized into units and placed under the command of Yan Xishan;
Second, for the Japanese soldiers who remained, Yan Xishan should raise three more levels to the original level...
In order to keep the Japanese army in Shanxi, Yan Xishan can be said to have done everything to the extreme, in addition to the above-mentioned agreement requirements, he also provided the Japanese army with various preferential treatment in life, and arranged a clean new house for them separately.
It can be seen from this that at this time, Yan Xishan has completely abandoned his dignity, which makes people feel sad and angry, which is undoubtedly a shame for us.
The Japanese surrender was signed
After the formal surrender of the Japanese army, the two parties entered a period of confrontation, at this time Yan Xishan and the Japanese army reached an agreement, that is, if the communist army came to take over Taiyuan, the Japanese and Japanese armies should cooperate together and be responsible for blocking the attack.
Later, Yan Xishan took advantage of the Kuomintang-Communist chongqing negotiations to lead the Yan and Japanese armies to attack the Shangdang area in a big way, but because the Communists took precautions in advance, Yan Xishan's army ended in failure.
Unwilling to be defeated, Yan Xishan, in the next few years, repeatedly engaged the People's Liberation Army, he did not hide his ambitions and the Japanese troops he possessed, in one battle, the Japanese generals actually held the Japanese flag in broad daylight on the battlefield, arrogant to the extreme.
Yan Xishan's treason was destined not to end well, and his good days soon came to an end, and in June 1948, the Chinese People's Liberation Army launched the Battle of Jinzhong, and at the pre-war meeting, commander Xu Xiangqian said:
"Yan Xishan has long been displeased, and he, a pro-Japanese traitor, must be resolutely eliminated!"
Yan Xishan, on the other side, gave orders to the army:
"Defend Jinzhong and stick to Taiyuan"
At this time, Yan Xishan was unwilling to retreat, he had been king in Shanxi for decades, he was nicknamed "King of Shanxi", he was unwilling to give up his many years of dictatorship, and he was still dreaming of occupying the land as king, without the slightest awareness of the next crisis.
Subsequently, the two armies of Yan and Japan gathered together, rushed to the front line of the battle, and decided to fight with the PLA to the death, what Yan Xishan did not expect was that in this battle, the two armies of Yan and Japan were defeated and retreated by the PLA, and there was no force to fight back, which made Yan Xishan, who was in Taiyuan, feel very weak, during this time, Yan Xishan often startled in his dreams, and he did not even sleep well.
Japanese Army Major General: Motozumi Shin
In July of that year, the commander-in-chief of the Yan army, Zhao Chengxi, was captured, and the deputy commander Yuan Quanxin left his troops behind and hurriedly drilled into the sorghum field to escape, but
Our army adheres to the instructions of Commander Xu Xiangqian to "resolutely eliminate" and does not spare a single fish that has slipped through the net.
After a few days of wanton searching, Yuanquan Xin was discovered by our army in Xiaochang Village, and our army immediately launched an artillery attack on him, in order to ensure that Yuan Quanxin lost Huang Quanxin's life, the commander in charge of the group let his subordinates make up several shots, and thus learned about the life of Yuan Quanxin, who was a senior Japanese general who died in this battle.
In addition, the former commander of the artillery brigade of the Japanese army and the chief instructor of the major general of the artillery training regiment were all killed in this battle, and their deaths brought a major blow to the "residual Japanese army", after which the morale of these Japanese troops was broken and morale was greatly reduced, and our army launched a fierce attack on the enemy with one drum, successfully liberating the Jinzhong region.
After this, Taiyuan became an isolated city, and Yan Xishan's dream of becoming a warlord and the return of the Japanese army were shattered.
Under such circumstances, Yan Xishan still stubbornly resisted, and in order to be able to defend Taiyuan City and win victory, he even violated international law.
It was allowed to be used by the army in the battles of Taiyuan
Gas bombs
On October 5, the Battle of Taiyuan began, the commander of the Japanese Army's teaching corps, Imamura Fangce, in a battle in Dongshan, commanded the soldiers to fire the "Binjibenzene" poison gas bomb, the unsuspecting PLA, accidentally inhaled the poison gas, the operation was slowed down, just at this time, the Japanese army strafed and shot at our army, some of the PLA affected by the poison gas did not have time to react and died, causing a large number of casualties among plausible PLA soldiers.
Later, he served as an advisor to the Japanese and puppet Shanxi governments
Speaking of this past, he said:
"Just in front of the cow and camel village, more than 1,600 PLA soldiers were killed... In the Dongshan area, the Yan and Japanese armies killed a total of 16,000 people. ”
This shows how heavy the casualties of the People's Liberation Army in the Battle of Taiyuan were.
Xu Xiangqian
But no matter how many casualties there were, the People's Liberation Army never flinched, because they wanted to destroy not only Yan Xishan's reactionary army, but also the more hateful remnants of The Japanese army, and commander Xu Xiangqian would often say to his subordinates:
"We must not forget the Nanjing Massacre, we must not forget the shame brought to us by the Japanese army, we are mortal enemies with them, and if they dare to stay in China now, they must be ready to be wiped out by us!"
In January 1949, after the victory in the Battle of Pingjin, our army liberated Beiping, Tianjin and other cities in North China, and Yan Xishan, who was in Taiyuan, felt that things were not good, and did not have any expectations for defeating the People's Liberation Army, and he was always worried that the People's Liberation Army would invade Taiyuan City and take him down in one fell swoop.
Therefore, in this state of fear, Yan Xishan decided to flee, and before fleeing, Yan Xishan, in order to stabilize the remaining Japanese forces, promised the senior officers of the Japanese army:
"I swear to die and coexist with Taiyuan, you can rest assured, I will not ignore you."
In this way, the remnants of the Japanese army believed Yan Xishan's lies, and still continued to fight for him, fighting with the People's Liberation Army on the battlefield on the front line, while Yan Xishan fled to Nanjing by plane in February of that year, abandoning his alliance in Taiyuan.
On April 20, 1949, the People's Liberation Army launched a general offensive against Taiyuan, and the PLA troops besieging the city increased from more than 100,000 to more than 300,000 people, and some Japanese troops in the city knew that they could not defeat the Platon Army, so they began to abscond, such as the artillery commander Iwata Kiyoichi, who changed his clothes on the evening of the 21st and planned to abscond from the Twin Pagoda Temple in the southeast of the city, but our army had already formed a siege of Taiyuan, and he was captured by our army shortly after he fled.
On April 24 of that year, Taiyuan was liberated, the People's Liberation Army was stationed in Taiyuan City, and all the remnants of the Japanese army and Yan Xishan's army became prisoners of our army, a total of 600 or 700 people, and the rest of the Yan and Japanese soldiers were killed by our army in the war.
Instructor Commander Imamura Katatsu
Fearing the sanctions of a court-martial, he committed suicide by taking potassium cyanide after being captured.
Later, Mr. Zhao Yongqiang was there
"The History and Reality of the "Remnants" of the Japanese Army in Shanxi after the War"
The article talks about the fate of the remnants of the Japanese army, in which he writes:
In 1956, the Japanese Diet passed a resolution that held that these remnants of japanese troops who had returned to Japan were acts of "desertion" and could not be treated as soldiers. In this way, these remnants of the Japanese army that returned to China had to seek a new job, and many of them struggled to feed themselves and were impoverished.