According to the Old Book of Tang, the New Book of Tang, and the Chronicle of Xuanfu, Li He was a descendant of King Zheng of the Tang Dynasty.
In the Tang Dynasty, There were two Kings Zheng: one was Zheng Xiaowang Liang, the eighth uncle of Li Yuan, the emperor of Tang Gaozu, and the other was King Yuanyi of Zheng, the thirteenth son of Emperor Gaozu. Neither the new nor the old Tang Dynasty explicitly stated who Li He's ancestor, King Zheng, was, and although the historical evidence had its own arguments, they lacked ironclad evidence that could be conclusive.
However, Li He was quite proud of his aristocratic blood, so he repeatedly called himself "Emperor Sun" in his poems, and even imitated the royal saying, calling himself "Thorn Ji ren" or "Longxi Changji destroying decadent guests".
Although Li He was a descendant of the imperial family, his family had long been far away from the core of power, and it was considered a distant branch, and its political and economic strength was insufficient. However, Wang Sun's identity still caused pressure on Li He, and his heart was quite stimulated by the fact that he was seeking to be a soldier because he avoided his father's secrets.
In Li He's view, his living space was eventually suppressed, so he was self-deprecating, perhaps because of this, he achieved a generation of poets.
Portrait of Li He
The friendship between the brothers gave Li He comfort
Li He, the word Changji. His father, Li Jinsu, whose name was found in the Book of The Two Tang Dynasties, but no historical sites were found. According to the Tang Dialect, Li Jinsu served as a minor official at the border and later served as a shaanxi county commander. Around the age of 18, Li Jinsu died.
Li He has more than ten cousins, and he has a good relationship with the second brother, the twelfth brother, and the fourteenth brother, and he will compose poems or dispatch frustrations for the clan brothers, or state the meaning of missing in the autumn cool season, or dream of traveling with the fourteen brothers.
Although the friendship between the brothers gave Li He comfort, perhaps because they were cousins, the three brothers could not provide financial assistance to the poor Li He, otherwise Li He's young brother would not have to go to Lushan to make a living.
Li He has a deep affection for his brother, and there are many people related to his brother in Li He's poems.
Yi Yi zhongtang laughed, and the little brother cut Jian Jing.
Li He was a student living in Chang'an at the time, and on a stormy night, he returned to his hometown of Changgu in his dreams. The kind and kind mother smiled, and the younger brother picked fruits and vegetables along the river to welcome him.
After three years, the brother returned home for more than a day.
Later, Li He returned from Chang'an in frustration, full of sorrow and sadness, and when he saw his brother who had been away for a long time, he immediately felt happy and relieved.
Luojiao has no beans, and the disadvantages are ashamed of the old horse.
Li He went to Chang'an to seek an official position for three years, but achieved nothing, and his younger brother immediately took on the heavy responsibility of supporting his family and went to Lushan to earn a living. Before leaving, Li He had neither wine, food, nor good horses to send; he did not give up his brother to go away to make a living at a young age, and he was full of longing and pity.
The Li family became poor, but Li He continued to improve himself
Because the family economy was originally supported by his father Li Jinsu, the loss of his father had a great impact on Li He's life.
Li He lived from childhood to adolescence, with a family of pastoral gardens, slaves and horses, and at that time the Living Environment of the Li family was still good, which was mostly caused by Li Jinsu's appointment as an official.
When his father died, Li He was only 18 years old, his mother was widowed and his children were young; as soon as the "top beam and pillar" fell, the Li family quickly became poor.
I'm in the mountains, an acre of artemisia fields.
The night rain called the renter, and the sound of the whisper was dark.
It can be seen that Li He lives in a mountain house, cultivating only one acre of poor land, and the tax collector does not give up collecting taxes from Li He's family on rainy nights, and the voice of payment is intertwined with the sound of scooping rice, and his economic hardship jumps out on the paper.
Statue of Li He
At the age of 17, Li He traveled south; at the age of 18, he got married and went to the Henan Provincial Examination.
During this period, Li He wrote many exciting poems. Because of his great talent, the talented emperor Fu Xiang and the literary giant Han Yu at that time invited him to visit and extend his reputation.
Unfortunately, as the grandson of the fallen king, Li He had no choice but to devote himself to the imperial examination according to the common way of the people, seeking career development to maintain his life and shine.
Li He never had the opportunity to show his ambitions
Li He went to Chang'an at the age of 21 to take the jinshi examination, originally thinking that he could be promoted to a jinshi, but he was unexpectedly excluded, and on the grounds that Li's father's name Jinsu's "Jin" was homophonous with the "jin" of Jinshi, he pointed out that Li He had to avoid being secretive and it was not appropriate to apply for the jinshi.
Although Han Yu refuted his "Debate", he was unable to break the social habits in the end, and Li He did not apply for the entrance examination.
Portrait of Han Yu
Li Hewen is outstanding, but it is difficult to take the exam fairly, and he is bound to ruin his career, and his grief and indignation can be known.
The king has mercy on the winged guests, and the hardships are still followed.
Li He used cockfighting as a metaphor for himself, and fell like a defeat, hanging his wings and running away. This poem "Changgu Reading Sheba Tong" was composed after him.
In the sixth year of Yuan He (811), Li He was 22 years old at the time. In order to take on the family's responsibilities, he went to Chang'an with Enyin to serve as a fenglilang of Taichang Temple.
Feng Lilang was a subordinate minor official of the Nine Pins, and was responsible for arranging offerings, greeting places, and bowing down during the royal ceremony, and when the secretary of state was on parade, he was responsible for leading the honor guard and drummers. "Between the concubines, only want to accept the broom" is Li He describing his work as a courtesy lang.
From the humble official position of Jiupin, Li He's life was very poor. A poem "The Beginning of fengli recalls the changgu mountain residence" describes the life of his first fenglilang.
"Sweep off the horseshoe marks, and return to the closed door" With no horseshoe traces, there are no guests visiting the horses, and there are no servants and followers, so when you return to the yamen, you have to close the door yourself, indicating that the officials are inferior and cold.
"Hanging to the wall ruyi, when the curtain reads the corner scarf" Hang ruyi on the wall, look at the corner scarf in front of the bamboo curtain, which means that the official position is humble, the guest is bored, and the hometown is missed.
Li He served as a Fenglilang for three years and never had the opportunity to show his ambitions, but his neighboring capital chang'an and the eastern capital Luoyang were the political, economic and cultural centers at that time, so he was able to understand the country's major policies, the words and deeds of the magnates, and the lives of the common people.
Li He's personal career is frustrated, his ambitions are difficult to reach, coupled with seeing all kinds of disappointing, worrying, and angry situations, what he sees and hears are felt, all of which are integrated into his poetry to form a unique style.
Li He left a famous sentence for thousands of years, and the Song Dynasty finally came up with the next sentence
The abundance of talents and humanities in the capital gave Li He the opportunity to make friends with many celebrities, including Han Yu, Huang Fuxiang, Chen Shang, Li Han, Yang Jingzhi, Shen Yazhi, Quan Xuan, Cui Zhi and others, and their exchanges and interactions with each other enabled Li He to broaden his knowledge and improve his learning.
Therefore, more than half of Li He's surviving poems completed the three years of living in Chang'an.
Li He had a troubled career in his life, poor and sick, and after three years of living in Chang'an, he resigned and returned to his hometown, and died in the eleventh year of Yuan He (816), at the age of 27.
In fact, as early as the age of 15, Li He's literary name had already spread throughout Chang'an, and he was on a par with Li Yi, a veteran poet in his forties. Unfortunately, he was physically weak and his fate was very difficult. Because of the cruelty and injustice of reality, he could only rely on poetry, and "if the sky is affectionate, the sky is old" has become a heavy sigh that he has passed down through the ages.
This sentence has a different style, full of fantasy and strangeness, and the Tang Dynasty poets took this sentence out and turned it into an upper link, how could no one be able to match the lower link like Li He's artistic conception.
Until the Song Dynasty more than two hundred years later, Shi Yannian finally said the next sentence, and was praised by Sima Guang: "Man Qing is as long as the moon is like a hateful moon', and people think that they are fierce enemies!" ”