As we all know, the Tang Dynasty is another great unified Central Plains Dynasty after the Sui Dynasty, since the founding of the Tang Dynasty, Li Yuan, has gone through twenty-one generations of kings (289 years of the country), becoming one of the dynasties with the longest unification time and the strongest national strength in Chinese history. Due to the vigorous development of several emperors in the early Tang Dynasty, its territory was unprecedentedly vast, laying a solid foundation for the emergence of the later Sheng Tang Dynasty. After Tang Xuanzong succeeded to the throne, the Tang Dynasty finally ushered in the prosperous scene of the Wanbang Dynasty, and the situation of "Kaiyuan Shengshi" also made China's world status prominent for a while.
Economic prosperity and national strength have naturally promoted unprecedented cultural prosperity. In particular, the Sheng Tang Dynasty is an era of splendid embroidery and huazhang, and the Tang poems that are the best in ancient and modern times have been transmitted by the world. People can praise Li Bai with their mouths open, and they can recite Du Fu with their mouths closed, which is already a matter of habit. However, in the splendid poetry of the Tang Dynasty, not only the poetry immortals and poets were shining, but also a poet ghost Li He with a wave of strange poetry. As a young romantic poet, Li He was talented and brilliant, and his achievements were even comparable to Li Du's. For example, the well-known Chinese phrase "If the heavens have love and the sky is old" is from the hands of the poet Li He, and after this poem appeared, no one in the Tang Dynasty poets could take the next sentence, until the Song Dynasty 200 years later, a drunkard poet took the second half of the sentence.
Li Hezi Changji, born in the Tang Dynasty (Middle Tang) after the Anshi Rebellion, lived in Fuchang, Henan (present-day Yiyang County, Luoyang, Henan), and was a dilapidated aristocratic family. Originally, the great poet Li Hejia was an authentic famous and prestigious family, and his distant ancestor was Li Liang (King Zheng), the uncle of Li Yuan, the founding emperor of the Tang Dynasty, who belonged to the distant branch of the Tang Dynasty, and could still have some relationship with the Tang Emperor at that time. However, after the development of history, by the time of Li He's father, the Li family had already fallen into the middle of the family road, and could only live in a small county town in the image of a depressed nobleman. To what extent did the Li family fall? Even a generation of empresses Wu Zetian ascended the throne as empress dowager, and wantonly killed the Li Tang royal family, not knowing that there was such a distant relative of the royal family.
It can be seen that when Li He's father Li Jinsu was born, the Li family was already far away, and the decline of the family road was not known. Therefore, his father, Li Jinsu, was only hired as a small official who was "engaged in the side" in his early years. Although the poet Li He was proud of his noble blood, but forced by the embarrassment of life, he wrote in the poem "Sending the Wei Renshi Brothers into the Customs": "I am in the mountain house, an acre of Song Tian. The night rain called the renter, and the sound of the whisper was dark. ", describing the plight of the family at that time. The premature aging of the family road has no reason to be rich, coupled with the illness and death of his father Li Jinsu, the family's situation is even more desolate. For this reason, Li He could only change his fate through the examination.
Fortunately, Li He was a young genius, very early on poetry fame, he was able to write poetry at the age of seven, and he was very good at "disease books". According to historical records, at that time, the great literary heroes Han Yu and Huang Futi were suspicious when they heard of his name, and specially went to his home to make him write poems in person. Li He gladly wrote a "Gao Xuan Guo", Han Yu and Huang Fu Ti were shocked, and from then on, Li He moved the Beijing Master. Talent is already enviable, but Li He is still very diligent. The great poet Li Shangyin once recorded in the "Small Biography of Li He": "Heng grew up as a slave, rode a giant donkey, carried an ancient bag, and when he encountered something, he threw the book into the bag." This shows his diligence.
At the age of fifteen, Li He was already able to be on a par with li yi, a socialite at that time, and his reputation was all over the capital. When Li He was about eighteen years old, he brought his masterpiece to pay homage to the official giant Han Yu, and for a time "Yanmen Taishouxing" quickly became the most popular hot article in the literary world, especially the sentence: "The black cloud presses the city to destroy, and the light of the armor opens to the japanese gold scales." "It has been sung countless times by later generations.
It can be said that becoming famous at a young age should have been the prelude to the imperial examination and the first, but unfortunately Li He was jealous because of his outstanding talent, saying that Li He's father's name was Li Jinsu, and the word "Jin" was homophonous with the "Jinshi" of the "Jinshi", which violated the Tang Dynasty's "Law of SuspectEd Names" (father's secret), as a son of man, he should avoid it, so he could not take the Jinshi examination. Although the great poet Han Yu later defended him by "quality to law" and "audit to the canon", in the end there was still no choice, and Li He had to give up the path of entering the army.
Because his father's name was secreted from the imperial examination, Li He was unable to participate in the imperial examination, and he had great ambitions in his life but did not meet him, which was a big blow to Li He. In many of his poems, his desire to serve the country with meritorious service is reflected, such as "Why don't a boy take a Wu hook and collect the fifty states of Guanshan", "Repay the king's golden platform and bring the jade dragon to die for the king" and so on. Although he later returned to Chang'an, the Yin official Feng Lilang, from Jiupin, has since been "imprisoned in Chang'an" for 3 years. During his three years as an official, Li He made a group of close friends, but he also saw a lot of social darkness. At the same time, he did a lot of works that reflected social reality and lashed out at darkness.
Due to the hopelessness of the transfer, the achievement of the name is not successful, and the grief and anger are deepening. Coupled with the illness of his beloved wife, Li He was depressed and sick, and finally chose to resign and retire. After he resigned, he had full of ambitions, but there was no place to show them, and the bitterness in his heart could be imagined. So Li He wrote a poem "Golden Copper Immortal Ci Han Song" on the way from Chang'an to Luoyang, and Li He borrowed the history of the Golden Copper Immortal Ci Han to express the sense of the rise and fall of the country and his own bitterness. In particular, the sentence "Wanlan sends guests to Xianyang Road, if the sky is affectionate and the sky is old", is like a heavy sigh, and the sad emotion spreads.
Although the poet Li He's "If the heavens are affectionate and the sky is old" is extremely sad, but this good sentence came out, it became the great love of many people, and the literati and scholars took this sentence out of the poem and specially turned it into the upper link of the couplet to see who could get the wonderful lower link. It can be said that the genius poets of the Tang Dynasty are like stars, but no matter how hard people try, the lower link cannot reach the height of the upper link. In this way, time flies, and in the final Tang Dynasty, no one can pick up the reasonable lower link, and slowly, everyone also thinks that this verse is "strange and absolutely wrong", I am afraid that it is impossible to get out of the lower link.
With the end of the chaos of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it was not until the Song Dynasty two hundred years later that the second half of the sentence appeared. The Song Dynasty was another brilliant era in the history of China's literature, and there was no shortage of outstanding literati and inkers, among whom some of them used the poems of Li He, the "poet ghost" of the Tang Dynasty, to link up with the poem "If the heavens have love, the sky is also old", it is difficult to overthrow countless talented people and beautiful people, and for a while no one even responded to it, although there are "hearts like dustless hearts that are self-evident" and "the sea is like immeasurable and self-withering", etc., but it is really far-fetched. Finally, shi Yannian of the great talent gathered with the poets to feast and drink, someone talked about this shanglian again, Shi Yannian was drunk after drinking, and the emotion broke out, and when he heard someone talking about this, he casually said to the lower link" "The moon is like a long circle without hatred", a word that shocked the four seats, and the people of the government and the opposition sang widely.
Later, the great literary scholar Sima Guang also wrote: "Li Changji sang 'If the heavens have love, the sky is also old', and Man Qing (Shi Yannian's character) is to 'the moon is like no hatred and the moon is long and round', and people think that they are fierce enemies." After that, some people went a step further, spelling out the sentences of Li Bai, Li He, Su Shi, and Shi Yannian into a wonderful couplet with a neat and orderly battle and a long artistic conception: ask the wine to the blue sky, if the sky is affectionate, the sky is old; raise a glass to invite the bright moon, and the moon is like a long moon without hatred. This couplet reconciliation is neat and neat, with a lofty artistic conception, including the famous sentences of the three major literary heroes and the absoluteness of Shi Yannian, which can be called a assorted platter in the history of Chinese literature, which is very worth playing.
And I don't know if it is related to the surname, the Li Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty, actually came out of three outstanding Romantic poets surnamed Li: the poet Li Bai, the Seven Laws Sacred Hand Li Shangyin, and the poet Li He. As a poet ghost, Li He is equally famous as the poet Immortal Li Bai, the Poet Saint Du Fu, and the Poetry Buddha Wang Wei. Li He was often referred to by later generations as "Ghost Talent", and his poems were also known as "Ghost Immortal Words". He was a Romantic poet of the Middle and Tang Dynasties, and the third great romantic poet in the history of Chinese literature to enjoy praise after Qu Yuan and Li Bai. Unfortunately, the young Li He died at the age of 27, and his untimely death also caused the loss of ancient Chinese literature. Many people in later generations believed that if heaven gave Li He a few more years, the achievements that could be achieved with his talents might be able to compete with Li Baiyi.