Author | Fan Deng Reading · Wei Lan
Anchor | Fan Deng Reading · Jia Luo
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Dear book lovers, good evening
Welcome to Fan Deng's reading character column - "Stars".
Reading the Stars Shine · Experience extraordinary life.
One issue per day, welcome your continuous attention~
The protagonist who appears today is one of the "Three Masters of the Late Song Dynasty".
Although he was an official in the dynasty, he was a wandering skeleton and a dog and a horse; but because of the choice of a dynasty, he preferred to die unyieldingly, which became a symbol of a dynasty.
Let's walk into the wonderful life of Wen Tianxiang, a famous politician of the Southern Song Dynasty.
"Whoever lives since ancient times has not died, and who has left Dan in his heart."
Whenever I read Wen Tianxiang's poem, I will think of his isolated heroic image.
In 1279, at the Battle of Yashan, the Yuan army attacked the Southern Song Dynasty for the last time, and the war was raging and poignant.
Wen Tianxiang was imprisoned on a warship of the Yuan Army not far away, and the Yuan Army asked Wen Tianxiang countless times to persuade the Song Dynasty generals not to make any more senseless resistance.
The boat traveled to Linglingyang, and in desperation, Wen Tianxiang wrote down this famous sentence for thousands of years.
Everyone says that Wen Tianxiang is a generation of heroes, but when we look at his real life through history, we are shocked.
Before 1274, he was the ordinary and ordinary literati, who resigned naked when his work was not smooth, eating, drinking and playing every day, and squandering time.
However, the direction of life is often hidden in the choice of inflection point.
With a lament, Wen Tianxiang embarked on a lonely and courageous path, and eventually became a monument-like figure.
In 1236, Wen Tianxiang was born in Jiangxi to a wealthy family of scholars.
Father Wen Yi was even more addicted to books, learning through ancient and modern times, and the requirements for Wen Tianxiang's reading were naturally very high.
The years passed suddenly, and Wen Tianxiang reached the age of participating in the scientific expedition.
Over the years of accumulation, he successfully passed the layers of selection to enter the temple examination, and also wrote a book of ten thousand words, which was hand-picked by Song Lizong as a champion.
Only 4 days later, Wen Tianxiang's father died of illness, so he returned to his hometown to keep filial piety for 3 years.
It was not until the age of 24 that Wen Tianxiang entered the DPRK as an official, but he did not seem to be active in his career, and he resigned again not long after.
At that time, the Yuan army was attacking the capital of the Song Dynasty, and the eunuch Dong Songchen actually suggested that the emperor move the capital.
Many people, out of fear, dare not speak out of their hearts.
Only the fledgling Wen Tianxiang wrote a letter suggesting that "request the beheading of Dong Songchen to unify people's hearts." ”
Seeing that no one had taken his advice, Wen Tianxiang applied for dismissal and returned home.
Although he later went around and became an official for several years, he was always tepid.
The young and wayward Wen Tianxiang, just like our ordinary people at the moment, since it is not smooth, it is better to leave.
His father left him so much money, he himself had both talent and fame, wouldn't it be nice to be happy?
The History of song once recorded:
Tianxiang is luxurious, and his life is very self-respecting, and his voice is full of tricks.
If he had been born in the peaceful world, Wen Tianxiang might have spent the rest of his life in such an ordinary way and become a generation of wandering literati.
However, in 1274, the Song Dynasty was in danger, and the heavy minister Jia Xiangdao could not cope with the situation at that time and fled.
The imperial court helplessly issued a mournful edict, hoping that people of insight could stand up to defend the country and go to the capital to serve the king.
Everyone took a step back, except Wen Tianxiang.
When the years are quiet, maybe we are all a drop in the ocean. However, when the waves were uncertain, some changes quietly occurred.
The loneliness in the bones of ordinary people will always be stimulated at a special moment.
And Wen Tianxiang's life was rewritten from that moment on.
In response to the will of the imperial court, Wen Tianxiang chose undoubtedly the most difficult path.
At that time, the imperial court was able to give Wen Tianxiang only the title of Tixingsi of Jiangxi, and there were no people, horses, money and food.
He had to mobilize the righteous soldiers of the neighboring counties everywhere, donate all his family property, and with all his efforts, gather a team of 30,000 horses, and then entrust all his family to his brother and embark on the journey.
At this time, the imperial court not only did not reward Wen Tianxiang, but instead made trouble everywhere.
Some people said that his soldiers and horses were a ragtag crowd that was difficult to do, and some people slandered Wen Tianxiang for being rampant and crazy, and did not give him any room to play at all.
Wen Tianxiang's team failed to reach the capital and was sent to Pingjiang.
None of this made Wen Tianxiang back, and what he valued was never honor.
But what he did not expect was that the Song Dynasty issued a lamentation edict that was a helpless move, and their original intention was not to rise up against the enemy, but to seek perfection.
However, before the prime minister Jia Seemed to say that er rebelled and beheaded the envoys, the Yuan Dynasty was no longer willing to accept the Song room's proposal, and the sad Song room actually came up with the next strategy for surrender.
Sadly, none of those powerful ministers had the courage to go to the Yuan Army's tent for a while, and the imperial court actually threw this hot potato to Wen Tianxiang and lied to him that he was going to negotiate peace.
As a result, Wen Tianxiang went to find out about the scam, but even so, he still negotiated with the other party just and squarely.
When the Yuan army found that there was still such a person in the Song Dynasty, they naturally did not feel at ease to let him go back, so they arrested Wen Tianxiang and used various methods to lure him down.
For a lonely person, any coercion and inducement seems so pale.
A few months later, Wen Tianxiang successfully escaped, but the emperor of the Song Dynasty had surrendered at that time, and he had to travel thousands of miles to find the second king.
The History of song once recorded that Wen Tianxiang:
The body is magnificent, beautiful as jade, beautiful and long-eyed, Gu Pan Yeran.
However, such a beautiful man, after several runs, was already two sideburns white at that time, described as withered, and the previous judgment of the two people.
However, he was physically and mentally exhausted, and he did not change his original intention, and this state of mind may be just like the poem written at that time:
The subject's heart is a magnetic needle stone, and he will not stop without guiding the party.
Wen Tianxiang's determination has never wavered since he responded to the call, and he even carried a dagger and poison with him, ready to die for the country.
He never cared about honor, but put all his mind on the struggle, expecting to do what he could.
The lone courage in the predicament makes ordinary people become heroes. This perseverance has never been shaken by the current situation.
In the increasingly unfavorable situation, Wen Tianxiang has launched many wars, his men and horses are getting fewer and fewer, and the Song Room is becoming more and more turbulent.
During the war years, his small family was also devastated, his mother and son died in the war, and his wife and daughter became prisoners, but these did not affect Wen Tianxiang's determination.
In 1278, wen Tianxiang was captured for the last time, he immediately took out the poison he carried with him and swallowed it, perhaps the medicine failed, he was martyred, and he had to be imprisoned by the Yuan army.
During the Battle of Yashan, Zhang Shijie was still dead.
Yuan Jun sent someone to persuade Wen Tianxiang to surrender, and he questioned the people who came: "I can't defend my parents, and I still teach others to betray my parents, can I?" ”
Some lonely courage are overcome by difficulties and are not diminished by life and death.
After the Battle of Yashan, Zhang Shijie jumped into the sea with the little emperor on his back, and the Song Dynasty ended. When Wen Tianxiang heard about it, he wept bitterly.
Even at this moment, he still had no intention of surrendering.
The Yuan army sent people to persuade him to surrender, and he either made a generous statement or scolded the people who came, leaving no room for the people who came.
In the end, the Yuan army sent the surrendered Emperor Gong to persuade him, and he just knelt down and cried, asking Emperor Gong to go back and not saying much.
On the way to being escorted, he chose to go on a hunger strike, and yuan jun pried his mouth and teeth several times to make his mouth and teeth blurred with blood and flesh in order to let him eat.
When he reached the place of captivity, he stubbornly dressed in the crown of the South and sat south.
Yuan Jun saw that he could not persuade success, and asked his wife and daughter, who were prisoners, to write to her.
Wen Tianxiang, who received the letter, was in tears, but he did not waver, and he wrote a poem: "Idiots do not ask about the livelihood of the present, and also plant the cause of the next life."
The Yuan Army tried all kinds of ways, but they could not make Wen Tianxiang bow his head.
It is said that time is the best antidote, but after 3 years of imprisonment, Wen Tianxiang has not been smoothed out.
In 1282, Kublai Khan, the ancestor of the Yuan Dynasty, decided to personally persuade Wen Tianxiang to surrender, and if he was willing to change his mind, Kublai Khan was willing to make him the prime minister of Zhongshu Province, and treat him with courtesy.
However, Wen Tianxiang was still unmoved, saying:
Tianxiang was deeply favored by the Song Dynasty, and as the prime minister, who could serve the second surname, he wished me to be satisfied as soon as I died.
Finally, he got what he wanted.
In 1283, in the bustling vegetable market, Wen Tianxiang died generously, and there was no fear in his eyes, but full of determination.
There was a cry of regret in the crowd, only to hear the monitor ask him: Now that it is okay to repent, do you have anything to say?
But he just asked for directions, solemnly bowed to the south, and waited for the last moment of his life.
Wen Tianxiang's life is the life of ordinary people growing into heroes.
In the first half of his life, he may be unremarkable, but when the nation was in danger, he followed his heart and made a great choice.
Between the ordinary and the hero, the gap is not a thousand rivers and mountains, perhaps it is just a world affair, a choice.
Just like the courier brother Wang Yong, when the new crown epidemic hit, he rose to the challenge and ran to the front line of anti-epidemic services.
Just like Chen Lu, the instructor of the fire brigade, the flood was raging, and he went up against the current, running to help countless people escape from death.
There is also a teacher, Zhang Guimei, in order to help poor girls in mountain villages rewrite their fate, running around, regardless of fame and fortune.
The choice in times of crisis is precisely the compass for adjusting the course of life!
In our past lives, there may be reluctance, or there may be regrets, but the dust is not yet settled until the end.
As it is often said: our present life is determined by choices made three or five years ago, and our future lives are determined by choices made now.
Click "Looking" and may we all be able to start from the moment and make a choice that we will not regret in every choice!
Author | Wei Lan, while reading and precipitation, while writing growth.
Column Director | Cheng zi
Typography | Zheng to the north
Image | The pictures in this article come from the Internet, and are invaded and deleted
Music | Dreams fall
References |
1. Wen Tianxiang - Baidu Encyclopedia, 2. "National Hero Wen Tianxiang Biography"
3. "Wen Tianxiang" (Celebrity Biography Series), 4. "Song Shi Wen Tianxiang Biography"