Talking about the famous battles in Chinese history, almost all the books of history, such as the Battle of Changping, the Battle of Julu, the Battle of Chibi, and the Battle of Shuishui. But if we talk about the degree of tragedy, it must be the battle of the cliff mountains and seas. The fiasco of the Battle of Yashan marked the complete demise of the Southern Song Dynasty, and 100,000 soldiers and civilians jumped into the sea and martyred the country, creating the most tragic record in history. Many readers may not know that in fact, in the Ming Army's general Yashan Naval Battle, another touching record was set, until people quietly shed tears. What's going on? If you want to know, let Xiaobian reveal the secret for you:
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After the court of the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Jin Dynasty, the Song royal family moved south with the old and young, and the capital was Nanjing Yingtianfu, still using "Song" as the national name, and the history was called "Southern Song". At this time, the Southern Song Dynasty took the Huai River as a natural danger and resisted the attack of the Jin Dynasty, and the two sides began a multi-year confrontation stage.
Until later, the situation changed, the Mongols under the leadership of Genghis Khan suddenly emerged, successively destroyed the Liao, Western Xia, Jin and other countries, the biggest enemy of the Southern Song Dynasty suddenly became the Mongolian Yuan.
In 1235 AD, the Mongol Yuan officially attacked the Southern Song Dynasty, under the resistance of the Southern Song soldiers and civilians, the Southern Song regime persisted until 1276, until the capital Lin'an was occupied by the Mongol Yuan army, and the members of the Southern Song Dynasty fled south under the protection of the courtiers, and finally built a maritime fortification on Yashan. With the reinforcement of the Mongolian Yuan army, an unprecedented tragic battle is about to begin.
In the first month of 1279, the Yuan general Zhang Hongfan led his troops to the cliff gate, and other troops of the Yuan army also arrived, causing a three-sided siege of the Southern Song army, and behind the Southern Song fleet was a vast ocean.
The Southern Song Dynasty general Zhang Shijie took the Yuan army's lack of water warfare as the starting point, ordered all the strongholds on land to be burned down, and at the same time moved the battlefield to the sea, in an attempt to use "one's own strengths to attack the other's weaknesses". Not only that, Zhang Shijie also learned cao Cao's method of connecting ships with iron cables in the Battle of Chibi, connecting the warships with thick cables to build a strong sea fortress, and in order to boost morale, he also deliberately placed the little emperor's dragon ship in the middle.
Because the Yuan army was not accustomed to water warfare, Zhang Hongfan led his army to forcibly attack many times, but failed to win. At this time, some people offered a plan, intending to imitate the Battle of Chibi to attack the enemy with fire, and as a result, the Southern Song General Zhang Shijie had already made preparations and smeared the warship with mud on the seabed, and the Yuan army's plan did not succeed.
Zhang Shijie, who had won consecutive victories in successive battles, thought that the Yuan army had no way to do anything, but he ignored a big problem when victory was in sight. Because the Southern Song Dynasty army faced the enemy three times at sea and lost contact with the ground, the supply of grain and grass became a big problem.
The Yuan general Zhang Hongfan also noticed this problem, and immediately adopted blockade tactics to cut off the supply of the Southern Song Dynasty's maritime fleet. In this way, it meant that the Southern Song army could only sit on the mountain and eat the air, although the Song army's grain and rice were piled up, but the fresh water could not be supplied normally. Water is known as the source of life, according to modern scientific tests, human beings can live up to 7 days without food, and once there is a lack of fresh water, it will not exceed 3 days at most and will be life-threatening.
At this time, some readers will ask the question, why don't soldiers drink seawater? In fact, the problem is very simple, because seawater can not be drunk, there is a large number of salt and harmful substances in seawater, once people drink a large amount of seawater, light vomiting diarrhea, heavy because of the change of "osmotic pressure" in the body, will lead to a large amount of water is discharged from the body, but will be alive and thirsty.
Since seawater could not be drunk, why didn't the soldiers burn distilled water? Although this method was an alternative solution, under the situation of being surrounded on three sides at that time, the Southern Song Army had no fire to ignite, even the grain could not be cooked, and could only eat raw rice in large mouthfuls to fill the hunger.
Under such a difficult situation, the soldiers and civilians of the Southern Song Dynasty endured hunger and starvation, drank seawater to survive, and even insisted on it for more than ten days, and many soldiers had hallucinations of thirst and jumped into the sea to drink water, resulting in drowning. Even though the soldiers of the Song Army had reached the limit of the human body, none of them proposed the word "surrender", and only wanted to fight with the Yuan army on the opposite side to the end, which was a rare miracle in history.
The Yuan general Zhang Hongfan saw that the morale of the Southern Song army was low, so he ordered a general attack, at this time the Southern Song soldiers had lost their combat effectiveness, and they stubbornly resisted with the last trace of spirit, and finally the Yuan army completely broke through the defensive line, and the Southern Song Dynasty was also declared dead.
Although the Battle of Yashan ended in defeat, the spirit of the southern Song Dynasty military and people uniting as one and resisting foreign enemies was recorded in the history of Youth.
Wen xiucai, editor-in-chief of Wenlan Hairun Studio, written by: Special history writer: Changshan Zhao Zi worm