Wen Tianxiang's original name was Yunsun, the word Song Rui, and the word "good". Self-proclaimed Wenshan, Fuxiu Daoist. A native of Luling, Jizhou, Jiangxi, he was a statesman, writer, patriotic poet, famous subject of the Anti-Yuan Dynasty, and national hero, and together with Lu Xiufu and Zhang Shijie, he was known as the "Three Masters of the Late Song Dynasty". In the fourth year of Baoyou (1256 AD), he was crowned and the first, and the official to the right chancellor, the Duke of Xinguo. Yu Wupoling's troops were defeated and captured, preferring to die rather than surrender. By the ninth day of the 19th month of the 19th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1282 AD), he was calmly righteous in Chai City.
When Wen Tianxiang was a child, he saw the portraits of Ouyang Xiu, Yang Bangqi and Hu Quan, who were sacrificed in the Xuegong Palace, and their nicknames were "Zhong", that is, they were happy and envious. He said: "If you don't become one of them, you are not really a man." At the age of twenty, he was admitted as a jinshi and answered the correct question at the Jiying Hall. At that time, Song Lizong had been in power for a long time, and the governance of political affairs was gradually sluggish, and Wen Tianxiang discussed the right policy with the theme of "the law and the sky are endless", and his articles had more than 10,000 words, and they did not write a draft, and they were written in one go. Emperor Lizong of Song personally selected him as the first place, the high school champion!
Sculpture of Wen Tianxiang Memorial Hall
Speaking of Wen Tianxiang, probably the most familiar to most people is his poem "Who has not died since ancient times, leave Dan's heart to take care of Khan Qing", the full text of this poem is as follows:
"Over Zero Ding Yang"
After a hard time, the stars fell around.
The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is fluttering, and the life is floating and raining.
The panic beachhead said trepidation, zero Ding Yang sighed zero Ding.
All men are mortal? Leave Dan in his heart.
At that time, Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured in Wupoling, Haifeng, Guangdong, and was taken to a ship, and wrote this poem the following year when Ding Yang passed zero. Later, he was escorted to Yashan, and Zhang Hongfan forced him to write a letter to summon Zhang Shijie, Lu Xiufu, and others who were firmly guarding Yashan, but Wen Tianxiang did not comply and showed this poem to Mingzhi. A man with such an iron backbone is enough for us to pass on the praises of a thousand years!
Such a loyal and fierce Wen Tianxiang,
What will calligraphy look like?
Cursive Wood Chicken Collection Volume
Wen Tianxiang, "Cursive Wood Chicken Collection Preface Volume", on paper, 24.5 cm in length and 96.5 cm in width, collection of Liaoning Provincial Museum. The book was written on the winter solstice in the ninth year (1273) of emperor Xianchun of the Song Dynasty, and was Chinese New Year's Eve eight years old at the time.
The article was written at the request of fellow villager Zhang Qiangzhi. The whole volume is written quickly, beautiful and thin, with a handsome and heroic atmosphere. Its chapters resemble Wang Xizhi and Huai Su, with thin and stiff lines, easy to retract and place, and a general posture.
Xie Changyuan Scrolls
Please enjoy the landscape view:
Detailed drawing of "Xie Changyuan Volume":
Xie Changyuan Scroll, Wen Tianxiang Cursive Book on Paper, 36.7 cm in length, 335.7 cm in width, written in the ninth year of Xianchun (1273), national museum of China collection. The name of Xie Changyuan mentioned in the volume is found in the Biography of Song Shi Wen Tianxiang.
Judging from the calligraphy style of the volume, Wen's pen is mostly from the cabinet, but it is close to Wang Xianzhi and Huai Su, and the words echo each other, and the lines of the pen flow, with the center as the main and the side of the edge between the two sides. Qing Ruan Yuan said in the "Shiqu Essay": "Calligraphy is extremely imitative of Huaisu. An Qi's "Ink Edge Huiguan" also commented on this volume, "the penmanship is clear and vigorous, and it is not scrupulous." The Ming Dynasty Zhang Ugly commented on his book as follows: "The body of the Letter Of Letter is clear and sparse, and its six songs and other posts have been handed down to the world, and people today respect and love." ”
truly
Wen Tianxiang's calligraphy
Because of its high character and widely cherished by future generations,
This tough guy with an iron backbone, left to our descendants, is a kind of temperament, a kind of integrity, but also a monument!