One year the smoke of war almost spread by the Yalu River, one year benevolent people from all over the world gathered together, and one year countless young people took up their bags and crossed the Yalu River to the battlefield of a foreign country.
In that foreign war in which the strength gap between the enemy and us was so great that the battlefield environment was harsh, the soldiers from China heard Chairman Mao's call and embarked on the road of no turning back. "As long as the time is going to play, I don't think we have to make a decision, they fight as long as they want, until they are completely victorious."
The victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was bought by Chinese soldiers with bloody sacrifices and hard work, and every Chinese soldier showed indomitable determination.
In the initial stage of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, due to the unclear situation at the beginning of the arrival and the huge disparity in strength between the enemy and us, we were initially in the awkward stage of being beaten. The more desperate the moment, the turning point of the life-chance war began to take shape under the influence of many factors.
At that time, in the early stages of our army, six regiments fought against six enemy battalions, and the result was a dismal defeat.
First, the volunteer army and the US army attach importance to Pingli
The safety of Pingli was related to the advancement of the overall front of the US army, when the US 9th Army on the Western Front was lurking there, and the US army deployed on this front for a long time, when Deng Hua proposed the idea of attacking Hengcheng, he pointed out that if the victory of Hengcheng could boost the morale of the whole army. However, at that time, Ridgway expressed a firm opposition to this strategy, and he clearly pointed out that the fall of Hengcheng did not matter, and once Pingli was recaptured by the Chinese army, then this would make the overall front of the army shrink, and he believed that the main force and energy should be focused on guarding Tongpingli first.
At the beginning, the US military took a contemptuous attitude toward the newly established new Chinese army. However, the perseverance and strength of the Chinese army far exceeded their imagination, constantly defeating the advance of the US military front, and the people of the US military realized that the soldiers of the new China were not powerless.
At that time, Ridgway believed that once The fall of Pingli, the impact on the US military would be complete and profound, and the Chinese army could use this victory to achieve a new tactical victory.
People of insight on both sides know that they will do their best to fight for each other in Pingping, because this is a key turning point that affects the overall situation.
At that time, the Chinese side also believed that the first occupation of Tongpingli was more urgent and important than hengcheng, and only by plugging the gap in this front before the ARRIVAL of AMERICAN reinforcements could it provide the greatest help for the counterattack on the eastern front, and the counterattack on the eastern front could force Ridgway's army to retreat, so that the overall war situation could be stabilized, rather than one-way unfavorable to the Chinese side.
In fact, Freeman, a French officer stationed in Pingpingli at the time, secretly felt that something was wrong, and the sound of gunfire at Hengcheng not far away made him worry about the future of Pingpingli. At that time, only one surname of France was stationed in Pingpingli, and the defensive forces were so empty that once the Chinese army arrived, Pingli would easily fall.
Freeman then told the soldiers to hurry up and build fortifications in an attempt to hold their positions. His hunch came true, the Chinese army came from all directions, how could a battalion of French soldiers resist the defense?
Second, the American general ordered the stubborn defense of Pingli
Seeing the mighty momentum of the Chinese army, Freeman did not have to think about it and knew that Pingli could not be defended. He proposed a strategic retreat with Commander Almond, or the little battalion would have to be put in.
Although the terrain of Tongpingli is dangerous, it is a naturally suitable defensive location. How could a battalion of troops at that time resist the Chinese army? Isn't this a sacrifice to death in vain?
Freeman intended to retreat, but at the crucial moment he was ordered by Ridgway, who said, "Soldiers can die, and Pingli must not be lost."
Li Qiwei knew very well in his heart that if Pingli was lost, it would not only be difficult to regain it later, but it would even affect the overall war situation, so he ordered strict defense.
Freeman was under The command of Ridgway and could not be disobeyed by his superiors on the battlefield. Freeman thought to himself that if he could not retreat, he would only try to work defense.
In order to delay the advance of the Chinese army, he ordered his soldiers to sprinkle water on the only way to Kaipingpingli, when the North Korean environment was high and cold, and the spilled water quickly froze on the road, which could temporarily delay the speed of the other side. At that time, the U.S. military also transported a large number of material reserves to Freeman through aircraft, which was considered to be a help for him.
Freeman ordered all the troops in The Pinnacle to form a circular defense line, so that the defense could be contracted and closed in time when the line collapsed.
At that time, the Chinese army encountered problems, and they found that the number of troops stationed in Pingpingli did not seem to be the formation of a battalion. At that time, several Chinese troops rushed to Pingli, and their commanders did not cooperate with each other, and as a result, they formed a situation in which they attacked at night, and one of them took down Pingli, but in fact, they made a mistake.
This incident demoralized the morale of the Chinese army soldiers, and at that time, the grandfather was the home of the Chinese army, mainly because the US army had bombers to fight efficiently. During the day, if you do not avoid the bombers of the American army, the troops will collapse in an instant.
On the 14th, the U.S. military dropped flares at night to launch a bomb, the volunteer army could not avoid fighting, after a fierce battle the volunteers occupied a strong wind, but the U.S. army once again dropped flares to make the situation of the battle turn to the U.S. army again. On the evening of the 15th, Ridgway's tank army came, which forced Peng Dehuai to issue a retreat order, and the volunteer army was forced to retreat.
The success of Tongpingli has made the US military gain a lot. Through this battle, they realized the biggest weakness of the Chinese army, that is, the extreme shortage of materials. At that time, the defeat in the battle of Pingli made Peng Dehuai realize the seriousness of the situation and he had to return to China to seek support.
On the 20th, Peng Dehuai embarked on the road back to China through various channels, and this time he wanted to report the situation to Chairman Mao to see if there was any good way to save the situation.
After Peng Dehuai returned to China, he immediately went to the western suburb of Yuquan Mountain to report the situation to Chairman Mao, and when he arrived at Yuquan Mountain, Chairman Mao was sleeping soundly, and the guards at that time were very embarrassed to see Peng Dehuai.
Chairman Mao only had time to rest at noon, and during the day he was busy with the approval and handling of various war reports, and he was even more troubled to sleep because of the direction of the war situation.
At that time, Peng Dehuai ignored the guards' persuasion and did not take the secretary's persuasion seriously, and hurried to buy time to see Chairman Mao report on the situation. It just so happened that Chairman Mao was getting up at the right time, and when he heard the noise outside, he knew that there was an emergency.
Chairman Mao and Peng Dehuai were comrades-in-arms who came together in the revolutionary era, and he knew that Peng Dehuai would be in a storm and must have encountered some emergency. At that time, Peng Dehuai's guards explained to the chairman that Mr. Peng rushed back from the 20th, and he did not even eat a mouthful of food in a hurry, so he came to see Lian Lian to rest you.
When Chairman Mao heard about this situation, he knew that the situation in Korea must be critical, so he asked Peng Dehuai to elaborate on it. Before speaking, Chairman Mao asked Mr. Peng to hand him a bowl of rice mats to pad his stomach, but Peng Dehuai said that he did not eat a few bites and told about what he had seen in North Korea.
Hearing that Mr. Peng had heroically sacrificed the frontline soldiers one by one, his heart was very uncomfortable and lit a cigarette. In fact, Chairman Mao already had some understanding of the situation through the war report, but listening to the stories of those who witnessed it would still feel uncomfortable in his heart.
The tanks of the US military are like no man's land on the Korean battlefield, and it is precisely because of the advanced weapons and equipment that they can steadily advance the front. Pingli was not taken, and the situation of the volunteers was even more difficult. At that time, the Chinese army was short of materials, and even needed to drink ice and snow to relieve hunger and thirst in the ice and snow, while the US military was a big fish and a big meat.
Among the soldiers who died on the battlefield was Chairman Mao's own child, Mao Anying, so when he listened to the story of Mr. Peng, a witness, he felt very moved.
Chairman Mao did not shed tears when he learned from Peng Dehuai that his young child Mao Anying had died heroically, but he spat out a lot more smoke in his mouth, and after a long silence, he said: In war, people will always die.
His own children were sacrificed, and Chairman Mao, as a father, could not be sad. Before his fatherhood, Chairman Mao was the leader of a country, and he could not let his sad emotions destroy his mood.
Chairman Mao said that since this battle in Korea cannot be won quickly, we cannot rush to make the situation worse. Chairman Mao said to General Manager Peng in a serious tone: You know the situation on the front line in the front, you have to bother and work hard, and I can only make some tactical suggestions in the rear.
The top brass of the Central Committee held a meeting after learning of the situation in Korea, which changed the deployment of the volunteer army, and fifty-seven thousand soldiers on the Western Front immediately rushed to the front with food and ammunition to support.
After communicating with the Soviet Union, they received reinforcements of their weapons, and at the same time, 40,000 troops on the Eastern Front immediately rushed to the front. In response to the threat of U.S. bombers, the domestic air force was sent to the Korean battlefield to provide support. Of course, air-to-air weapons, such as anti-aircraft rockets and other urgently needed supplies, are also transported.
The medical situation of the Chinese army on the battlefield is very serious, and after this meeting, 4,000 cars rushed to the rescue, this time carrying 100,000 hospital beds, and many medical workers passed, which will be of great help to the treatment of wounded soldiers on the front line.
After all this support was fully in place, the Volunteers began to regroup and embark on a new round of attack. Peng Dehuai also packed up his emotions and set off again, and the commander of the front line also made a reflection and summary of many previous mistakes. Although the Battle of Tongpingli was defeated, the Volunteer Army did not collapse, but instead began to counterattack as it became more and more frustrated.
Peng Dehuai's report back to China. It became an important turning point in the situation on the Korean battlefield.