In the long course of human history, war is often a man's game, because men's innate desire to conquer and transform the world is stronger, and men's physical fitness is stronger and more aggressive than women's. However, some qualities possessed by women are also unattainable by men, such as their tenacity and persistence, which are often able to reverse the situation and create miracles in difficult situations.
In the Jiangbin Park on the banks of the mudanjiang river, there is a "group sculpture of eight women", as the name suggests, this statue commemorates eight outstanding women, but also the eight female heroes of the Northeast Anti-Japanese League. You may not have been to Mudanjiang and have not seen the "Eight Female Group Eagles", but you must have heard the story of "Eight Female Toujiang".
The hot hope of cold clouds
The most famous of the "Eight Girls Toujiang" is Leng Yun, whose original name was Zheng Xiangzhi, who was born in 1915 in a small town in Heilongjiang. In 1931, under the influence of progressive ideas, she was bent on serving the country and saving the people, and since then she has changed her name to Zheng Zhimin. In 1934, Zheng Zhimin joined the Communist Party of China and began to engage in underground activities of our party. In the spring of 1936, she joined the 5th Army of the Second Route Army of the Anti-Japanese League, and in order to protect her family, she took the word "Leng Yun" from her favorite Tang poems as a pseudonym.
At the beginning of 1938, the Japanese army had just launched an all-out war of aggression against our country. In the Sanjiang area of Heilongjiang, the Japanese puppet army gathered a large number of troops to encircle the Second Route Army, and the war situation was not optimistic.
Comrade Zhou Baozhong, commander-in-chief of the Jidong Provincial CPC Committee and the 2nd Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, made a resolution to carry out a western expedition in order to smash the Japanese army's strangulation plot against the anti-Japanese army and people in northeast China and to meet the arrival of a new climax of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression throughout China.
Rushing out of the military encirclement of the Japanese puppet army, we went to the outer line to carry out more fierce guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines, with a view to meeting with the 1st and 3rd Route Armies of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance, establishing a new base area, containing the Japanese puppet army, supporting Kannai, and creating a new situation in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
In May 1938, the 4th and 5th Armies of the Anti-Japanese Coalition quickly assembled from Baoqing and other places in the area of Diao Ling in the lower reaches of the Mudanjiang River. After mobilization, the officers and men of the Anti-Japanese Coalition army responded one after another, among whom Leng Yun had just given birth to a child for only two months, and also led dozens of people to set off with the troops, and many female fighters also accompanied the army on an expedition.
At the beginning of July, the Western Expeditionary Force began to advance towards the areas of Wuchang and Shulan. At the beginning of August, the Japanese and puppet reactionary governments dispatched more than 3,000 puppet troops and air reconnaissance forces from Changchun and Harbin to encircle and intercept the troops of the Western Expedition.
In the face of the overwhelming superiority of the enemy's strength and equipment, the troops of the Western Expedition could only hide their whereabouts as much as possible, could not make a fire to cook, and could only eat raw corn and potatoes to fill their hunger. Because they could not bear this kind of suffering, there were not a few people who escaped from the battlefield and defected to the enemy, and the attrition of the troops was very serious. In mid-August, the Western Expeditionary Army had to retreat to Wuchang County to wait for help, but the enemy then arrived, surrounded the county town, and constantly sent troops to attack everywhere.
Sitting in an isolated city, running out of ammunition and food, and often facing sudden battles, the Western Expeditionary Army will not be able to hold on. In order to preserve the remaining living forces, the Western Expeditionary Army had to choose to disperse the breakthrough. At the end of August, Guan Shufan, commander of the 1st Division of the 5th Army, led the remaining 100 people of the 1st Division to break through, including the women's regiment led by Leng Yun, and prepared to return to the Diao Ling base area.
In February, the eldest daughter was forced to send someone Leng Yun resolutely embarked on the road of the Western Expedition
Leng Yun was 23 years old at this time, and before the Western Expedition, she was doing cultural and educational work in the secretariat of the military ministry, and had a daughter with her husband Ji Naichen. Before the Western Expedition, Ji Naichen had already died, and she could only send her child, who had just been born 2 months old, to be cared for by a Korean fellow, and then resolutely joined the Western Expedition team with Yang Guizhen, An Shunfu and others. After all the turmoil and displacement, when it was time to break through, most of the women's group led by Leng Yun was scattered and sacrificed, leaving only 8 people.
Under the leadership of division commander Guan Shufan, Leng Yun and 8 other people accompanied the large troops to circumvent the edge of the village and sneak in the lofty mountains, carefully hiding their whereabouts. After continuous fighting and marching, most of the men were already overwhelmed, but Leng Yun and the others still clenched their teeth and did not drag the hind legs of the troops. Not only that, they also used their feminine qualities to inspire the morale of the soldiers from time to time.
On October 19, the 1st Division, which had experienced many dangers and obstacles, reached the old road ditch of Diao Lingzhu Mugang Mountain in Linkou County. Located on the west bank of the Wusihun River, a tributary of the Mudanjiang River, as long as you can cross the Wusihun River and reach the Kerk Mountain In Yilan County in the north, you can get in touch with the headquarters of the Second Route Army of the Anti-Japanese Alliance. However, the river that is now in front of it has become an insurmountable chasm of the 1st Division.
The whereabouts of a hundred secrets are exposed
The water flow of the Wusihun River is not urgent on weekdays, the water level is not high, and people, cars and horses can easily pass through. However, it is the late autumn season, and it has caught up with the heavy rain for several days, the water is turbulent, and the water level has risen a lot. In addition, it is already night at this time, the line of sight is not good, if you forcibly cross the river, it is likely to be washed away by the current. So the division decided to camp nearby and wait for the next day when the conditions permitted before crossing the river.
The temperature difference between day and night in late autumn is extremely large, especially in the mountains of the northeast, not to mention the camping by the river, wet and cold, and the cold wind drills into the cracks of people's bones, which is very difficult to survive. Everyone was wearing light clothes from the summer departure, and there were also damage on the marching road, so in the face of such a situation, they could only light a fire and hug for warmth. Leng Yun took 13-year-old Wang Huimin in his arms, and the two were sleepy and tired, and it didn't take long for them to fall asleep.
Along the way, the 1st Division was trying to hide its tracks, and although the puppet army had many troops, it was difficult to find a target, and there was no way to get out. However, they were still very dense, and they accidentally exposed their flaws. A flame under the cold night sky quickly attracted the attention of the garrison of the puppet army stationed in Diao Ling, and they gathered more than a thousand people overnight and marched towards the place where the fire was shining.
Eight women gave their lives to contain the large army to escape the day of birth
At dawn on October 20, the water level of the Wusihun River is slightly shallow, the line of sight is good, and the conditions for crossing the river are available. Staff officer Jin Shifeng of the 1st Division of the 5th Army crossed the river first with Leng Yun and 8 other female soldiers, and as soon as they reached the opposite bank, they heard gunshots coming from behind them. It turned out that the Japanese puppet army had launched an attack on the troops of the 1st Division that had not yet crossed the river at this time, and the commanders and fighters of the 1st Division quickly dispersed and concealed, retreated while fighting, and retreated to the dense forest of Tumu Gangzi to the west, while the enemy pursued them closely in the rear.
Squad leader Hu Xiuzhi judged from the enemy's gunshots and shining sparkles, but there were no stray bullets in a fixed direction, at this time the enemy did not notice the presence of Leng Yun and others at all, and was concentrating his forces to attack the main force of the brigade led by division commander Guan Shufan.
In order to divert the enemy's attention and buy time for the large troops to retreat, under the command of Leng Yun, the female warriors fired at the enemy's back on the other side of the river, eight guns spewed out flames of hatred, and several puppet soldiers fell to the ground in response.
When the Japanese puppet army saw the sudden change in the situation, they were a little panicked for a while, and they thought that the anti-Japanese coalition army across the river bank had come to support them. So they no longer pursued Guan Shufan, but turned the muzzle of the gun and shot wildly at Leng Yun and the others. The division headquarters wanted to return to the rescue, but Leng Yun and 8 other people shouted while fighting: "Hurry up and retreat!" Retreat! In order to preserve the anti-Japanese forces, Guan Shufan had to order the fighters to continue to retreat, and soon retreated to safety deep in the dense forest.
Leng Yun dragged the enemy's main force and saved the living strength of the division, but put themselves in danger. They were surrounded on three sides, and the only way to retreat was the Wusihun River, and in desperation, they could only change the way of fighting, divided into two groups, one group was responsible for cover, and the other group was responsible for rushing out. However, the enemy was outnumbered and still blocked by the enemy's dense bullets.
This result was actually expected by Leng Yun, but she did not hesitate before making the decision to shoot. Since the day her husband died on the battlefield, she had made up her mind to sacrifice her life for the anti-Japanese war to save the country, and if her death could save more companions and preserve the fire for the final victory of the anti-Japanese war, it would be worth it.
When the enemy's large army surrounded Leng Yun and others with great momentum, they finally found that it was actually these few female soldiers who had put cold guns in their backs, and they were a little crying and laughing for a while. At first, they also planned to capture Leng Yun and the others alive and shout at them to surrender, but only the merciless bullets answered them. The enemy finally became angry and began to shoot wildly at the bunkers of Leng Yun and others, and the encirclement circle continued to shrink.
Huang Guiqing and Guo Guiqin were hit by the enemy's stray bullets, and the blood flowed non-stop, and the bullets of the others were almost hit. Leng Yun firmly said to everyone, "Anti-Coalition fighters, I'd rather die than be taken prisoner." We crossed the river, we could continue to resist the Japanese, and if we couldn't get over, we would die together in the river! They walked toward the river with each other's support, leaving the last three grenades to the enemy, and with a few bangs, they rolled up the dust in the sky.
At this time, several cold bullets came, 13-year-old Wang Huimin's body was soft, blood spurted out of his chest, Leng Yun wanted to reach out and pull, he was also shot in the shoulder, and fell backwards. Hu Xiuzhi reached out to support Leng Yun, and An Shunfu pulled up Wang Huimin. Knowing that there was no way out, the 8 men walked arm in arm toward the center of the river, shouting as they walked: "Down with Japanese imperialism!" "
Leng Yun and eight other people held their heads high, sang the tragic "International Song", and walked step by step toward the most turbulent place of the river. The enemy had no mercy, still shooting at the backs of the 8 women who had no power to fight back, Leng Yun and the others fell one by one, and the river water was also stained red by their blood.
Frightened by the commander of the rescue division, he advocated surrender and smuggled in the enemy country
Eight great women sacrificed themselves to save Guan Shufan, the commander of the 1st Division of the 5th Army, and other comrades-in-arms. It is reasonable to say that it is all the more necessary to strengthen their determination to resist Japan and their desire to fight, who knows that things will develop in the opposite direction. After the Great War of Guan Shufan, the commander of the division, he actually became a "capitulation faction" advocating Japan's invincibility, and completely lost confidence in the victory of the war.
Guan Shufan, born in 1912 in Ning'an, Jilin Province, joined the Communist Youth League at the age of 17. In 1934, the 22-year-old Guan Shufan was once captured by the Japanese, sent to prison, tortured and tortured, but never gave in.
After escaping, he joined the anti-Japanese coalition army and quickly became an invincible brave general who galloped on the battlefield, not only had great courage, but also had strong adaptability and battlefield command ability. Wounded twice, he was well-achieved and soon completed his transformation from an ordinary soldier to a general. Zhou Baozhong, the leader of the Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, greatly admired Guan Shufan's character and talent, so he became a division commander at a young age and at the age of 25.
But this battle really frightened Guan Shufan's guts, and overnight, he changed from a "hawk" who resolutely resisted Japan to a "dove faction" who only promised to make promises. After the breakthrough was successful, Guan Shufan often spread negative emotions among the troops and advocated the advantages of surrender, and his view was: "It is necessary to flexibly apply the principles of Marxism-Leninism, to temporarily compromise with the enemy, and to practice 'fake surrender' to preserve strength."
Speaking of this, everyone must be very angry, 8 women in order to save you Guan Shufan, was brutally killed by the Japanese puppet army. Instead of reorganizing the troops and avenging them, you want to surrender to Japan and play a role for the tiger. If the eight women know underground, they must take turns to visit late at night, take you away with Guan Shufan, and scold you when they arrive at the underground government, which is simply bottomless and shameless!
Guan Shufan not only showed no remorse, but on the contrary intensified his efforts, and went so far as to secretly go to the enemy's stronghold to meet with the head of the Japanese secret service behind the back of the party committee and military commander Chai Shirong, and reached an agreement with the Japanese Kou on the surrender of the 5th Army.
On January 15, 1939, Guan Shufan's "peace talks" with the Japanese quickly reached the ears of the commander-in-chief Zhou Baozhong. At first, he did not dare to believe his ears, but after repeated confirmation, he was furious and immediately convened an emergency meeting of the Jidong Provincial Party Committee, and decided to expel Guan Shufan from the party and revoke him from all posts inside and outside the party. At the same time, Zhou Baozhong ordered the immediate arrest of Guan Shufan, calling on the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians to be captured everywhere and shot on the spot.
The next day, Guan Shufan, who still had no idea about his future, brazenly dressed as a Japanese officer, rode with two Japanese agents and returned to the Diao Ling area where the 5th Army was located, in an attempt to "absorb" the 5th Army.
I boldly guess that Guan Shufan must have hurt his brain in the last battle, resulting in mental or intellectual problems, because it is difficult for normal people to do such a "lack of heart and eyes" thing. We know that such things as "surrender by the enemy" must be carried out in secret, and the more people who know, the greater the risk, and only by acting in a low-key manner and suddenly reneging can it be possible to maximize the benefits of "surrender".
Guan Shufan did the opposite, fearing that the people of the world would not know that he was a capitulation faction that betrayed the country and deviated from the people; that his colleagues in the commander would not poke him in the back and say that he was ungrateful and that pigs and dogs were inferior; that he would become a hero of the anti-Japanese resistance, but that he would be nailed to the pillar of shame and left a stink for thousands of years. If it weren't for the fact that he hurt his brain, this practice would be incomprehensible.
Zhou Baozhong saw that the most powerful cadre of the past had become like this, and he was both heartbroken and angry, and he immediately ordered the arrest of Guan Shufan and showed the death sentence. Guan Shufan realized that he had played a big game, the big leader of the 5th Army had not yet agreed to surrender, and what right did a division commander have to decide the fate of the whole army?
He immediately fell to his knees and cried to Zhou Baozhong that he was just confused for a while, hoping that the leader would forgive him, so that he could make him wear the guilt and make meritorious deeds, and confessed the inside story of his own and the enemy's transactions. Guan Shufan said that he had revealed to the Japanese the location of several secret camps of the Anti-Japanese League in exchange for Houlu, a high-ranking official after his surrender.
It seems that Guan Shufan's brain is still not good, and at this time, he does not defend himself, but adds fuel to the fire. Originally, Zhou Baozhong might still be able to spare his life for the sake of his past friendship, but when he heard this, he immediately gave the order and pushed out to shoot him. Fortunately, Guan Shufan's confession was timely, and Zhou Baozhong immediately ordered all the secret camps to be transferred urgently, thus avoiding greater losses for our army.
Eight heroic martyrs of the ages
History cannot be assumed, nor can it be repeated, and it is indeed ironic that "eight women throw themselves into the river" in exchange for "traitors to the division commander", but this cannot hide the glory and greatness of these eight great women. With their own practical actions, they profoundly explained what is called "not letting the eyebrows be shaved" and what is "women can stand up to half the sky".
In addition to the political instructor Leng Yun, the other 7 heroes are by no means supporting characters, and their names are also worth remembering by future generations.
Hu Xiuzhi, born in December 1918, is the squad leader of the women's squad of the 5th Army.
Yang Guizhen, born in December 1920, is the administrator, servant and squad leader of the 5th Army.
Guo Guiqin, born in 1920 or December 1921, is a soldier of the Women's League.
Huang Guiqing, born in September 1918, is a soldier of the Women's Regiment.
Li Fengshan, born in 1918, is a soldier of the Women's League.
Wang Huimin, born in April 1925, a descendant of anti-coalition fighters, was only 13 years old at the time of his death.
An Shunfu was born in November 1915, his father and brother died at the hands of the Japanese, and he was the director of the garment factory.
Most of the eight female fighters came from poor peasant families, and under the long-term shackles of the feudal ideology of "treating women as cattle and horses," they dared to fight against the Gangchang Li Sect, liberate themselves, and embark on the revolutionary road. Faced with the double oppression of feudalism and Japanese imperialism's invasion of China, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, they broke through the shackles and cages of the world and embarked on the bright road of striving for national independence and women's liberation.
The "Eight Heroic Women" grew up in the flames of the anti-Japanese guerrilla war in the northeast, and they dared to accept new ideas and integrate their personal destiny into the destiny of the country. The "Eight Daughters" are a microcosm of the vast number of patriotic women in China, who are a group of revolutionary female fighters who love life and are positive and progressive.
The feat of the eight female fighters not only defending their own personal dignity, but also boosting the morale of the anti-coalition fighters. They are like the real gold in the river sand, after the extremely arduous anti-Japanese guerrilla war in the northeast, in the case of long-term severe cold and heat, lack of clothing and food, hunger and cold, hundreds of refining gold and shining dazzling brilliance.
They declared to the world with their actions that the Chinese people were backbone and invincible.
The bank of the Mudanjiang River on the Wusi River should have a spirited female biaofang in the future
In November 1938, zhou Baozhong, commander-in-chief of the Second Route Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance, learned of their sacrifice and immediately inscribed "There should be a martyr girl on the bank of the Mudanjiang River on the Wusi River in the future." After liberation, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League filmed a movie "Sons and Daughters of China" with the theme of "Eight Women Throwing themselves into the River", and the noble integrity of the heroines attracted countless Chinese people to tears through the big screen.
In October 1982, in order to commemorate the merits of the eight of them, the local people's government built the "Eight Women TouJiang Monument" on the banks of the Wusihun River. Chen Lei, a veteran soldier of the Anti-Japanese Coalition Army, wrote an inscription for them: "Eight Heroic Heroes And Martyrs Illuminate the Thousand Autumns." On the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China in 2009, with the approval of the Party Central Committee, the eight daughters were named "100 heroic and exemplary figures who made outstanding contributions to the founding of New China".
We often say "the youth is strong, then the country is strong", in fact, I think it is more accurate to say that "women are strong, then the country is strong", the first person everyone is born and sees is the mother, and the mother's influence on the growth of the child is also the greatest. If every woman can stand on her own two feet and set an example for future generations, why should the country not develop and why should the nation not be rejuvenated?