The rank system first became popular in Western Europe, when with the rise of the bourgeoisie and the overthrow of feudal rule, the ranks would be awarded in the army according to the position, quality, seniority, contribution, service, etc. of the soldiers, which were used to show the social status and military rank of the soldiers.
In fact, this is also a manifestation of breaking free from the feudal shackles, allowing people to break the view of the door, and only rely on their own ability to obtain the social status they deserve.
In the early days of the founding of New China, because the military rank system had not been implemented before, it was not until 1955 that the first list of awards was established. And this list of awards has such a special existence, he is obviously not a communist, let alone joined the Red Army, at the beginning of the appointment of him as a military commander is actually already an affirmation of him, but Chairman Mao firmly said that this person must be rated as a general, and even said that others can not, but he must be. This person is Dong Qiwu.
Why did Dong Qiwu receive such praise from the chairman? This starts with his life.
The famous anti-Japanese general Dong Qiwu
Dong Qiwu was born at the end of the Qing Dynasty, in a small mountain village in Shanxi, and he grew up in poverty, could not afford to read any books, and had little opportunity to increase his knowledge.
Fortunately, Dong Qiwu had good luck, he had a cultured uncle, and here he learned a little bit of words and read some books. Later, he met the generous support of well-wishers. With good luck and good study, Dong Qiwu successfully entered the school group founded by Yan Xishan (later bin ye school).
In this military academy, Dong Qiwu grew up rapidly, and then he also entered the Nationalist Army with his excellent performance and was reused.
It's just that Dong Qiwu really can't get used to the warlord's arrogance and disorder, so he quietly left for Wuhan. Later, Dong Qiwu, who joined the National Revolutionary Army, participated in the Northern Expedition, and he should have been promoted because he had made outstanding achievements in this war, but unfortunately, because he was not a close associate of Chiang Kai-shek, he was tragically excluded.
Dong Qiwu naturally could not take this breath, and in anger left Chiang Kai-shek and went directly north to Tianjin.
It was also here that Dong Qiwu met Fu Zuoyi, a nobleman who had the grace of knowing him and had a deep influence.
Unlike the other Kuomintang people's intrigues and conspiracies, Fu Zuoyi was a far-sighted and ideologically progressive man, who gladly accepted Dong Qiwu, who had come to defect, and entrusted him with a heavy responsibility. And Dong Qiwu also lived up to his trust, and soon stood out among the officers, which made Fu Zuoyi very happy and directly cultivated Dong Qiwu as a confidant.
Dong Qiwu was also very happy, first, his ability was affirmed, and second, Fu Zuoyi was surprisingly consistent with many of his goals. Especially on the issue of Japan.
Faced with the fallen northeast and the drifting mountains and rivers, Dong Qiwu hated that he could not immediately go north to kill the enemy, so Dong Qiwu, who was full of enthusiasm, repeatedly applied to Fu Zuoyi to go north to resist Japan. In the end, Fu Zuoyi agreed to this request.
In the Great Wall War of Resistance in 1931, Dong Qiwu led his generals to fight several battles and successfully resisted the fierce Japanese army outside, and then the Japanese army attacked ten times, and was repelled ten times, and finally had to move to other regions in a gray and slippery way. This victory can be said to have greatly dampened the arrogance of the Japanese army.
After that, the Japanese army moved to the Suiyuan area, and at this time Chiang Kai-shek also ordered Fu Zuoyi to lead the troops to retreat. Such a move made Dong Qiwu and Fu Zuoyi extremely dissatisfied, and they who were bent on serving the country could not bear the fall of the mountains and rivers. Therefore, for this order, Fu Zuoyi not only did not carry it out, but instead ordered Dong Qiwu to attack with all his might.
This undoubtedly gave Dong Qiwu a lot of confidence and support. Taking advantage of the unpreparedness of the Japanese army, Dong Qiwu led his men and horses to attack in separate ways, and directly annihilated nearly two thousand enemy troops in the area of Honggeltu; later, in the Battle of lark temple, more than a thousand Japanese troops were eliminated, and more than 400 people were successfully captured.
That is, these several great victories, Dong Qiwu's name is widely circulated, many people know that there is a hero named Dong Qiwu on the anti-Japanese battlefield, he dares to fight and kill, and the Japanese army has confronted more than 300 times, never bowing to the Japanese!
The rating as a general is well deserved
After the War of Resistance Against Japan, everyone knows what happened on the land of China. Chiang Kai-shek discovered Dong Qiwu's ability at this time, so he made many promises to Dong Qiwu and wanted to draw him to his side. But the result was obvious, Dong Qiwu and Fu Zuoyi talked for a long time all night, and after seeing the domestic situation clearly, they were determined to launch an uprising and peacefully liberate Beijing.
Therefore, with the support of Fu Zuoyi, the Suiyuan Uprising broke out, which not only set an example for the peaceful liberation of many parts of the country, but also greatly stabilized the situation in the northeast of North China, so that the People's Liberation Army could clean up the remaining forces of the Kuomintang without worries.
With his outstanding performance in the Suiyuan area, after the founding of New China, Dong Qiwu took up important posts in Suiyuan, such as vice chairman of the Central Military Commission and vice chairman of the people's government. Dong Qiwu also stuck to his post and worked diligently.
When the Korean War broke out, knowing the needs of the country, Dong Qiwuyi did not hesitate to wave his division north, and in Korea, he could lead his men and horses through the enemy's artillery fire and build three airfields such as Namshi; he could also do a good job in logistics to ensure the full delivery of materials... After the end of the Korean War, he was not only commended by the central government, but also became the commander of the 69th Army.
On the eve of the 1955 award, Chairman Mao, who had learned of the list of titles, firmly stated that Dong Qiwu must be rated as a general. After learning of this news, Dong Qiwu immediately wrote a letter of refusal, saying that he could not bear this rank.
But chairman Mao read the letter and said only that this was his well-deserved glory. He also counted Dong Qiwu's contributions in the anti-Japanese battlefield and the uprising.
This is actually the central authorities' emphasis and affirmation of the army that surrendered to the uprising, and the purpose is to tell everyone that the political treatment of the party Central Committee is equal to these people who have surrendered, which is conducive to stabilizing the hearts and minds of the army.
In the end, Dong Qiwu was determined to be a general.
epilogue
Chairman Mao's affirmation of Dong Qiwu greatly shocked him, and while he was deeply moved, Dong Qiwu submitted an application to the Party Central Committee the following year. It was only for various reasons that it was not until 1980, when Dong Qiwu, who submitted his application to join the party for the fourth time, joined our party with the consent of Deng Xiaoping.
Although this party membership came a little late, Dong Qiwu had already regarded himself as a member of the Communist Party, working hard for the country and the people, and still stuck to his post at the age of eighty. Until March 1989, the ninety-year-old Dong Qiwu died of illness in Beijing, leaving posterity with a legendary life that can be sung and wept.
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