Today's young people, if they do not specialize in studying and studying military history, may only know more about the characters in the "Ten Marshals" of China's founding country, but the protagonist of today's article is the founding lieutenant general Wu Xinquan.
He not only made great achievements in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation at home,
In the nearly 3 years of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, it was even more brilliant.
In 3 years, he led his volunteer army to annihilate more than 60,000 enemy troops, and none of them were defeated.
In the end, even his opponent, the four-star U.S. general MacArthur, was in awe of him, saying that he was "really terrible"!
Wu Xinquan was born in 1912 in a small village in Pingjiang County, Hunan.
In that year, Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty, abdicated and ruled China for nearly 300 years, officially ending the Manchu Qing Dynasty, which caused great disasters to the Chinese nation at the end.
However, with the end of the Manchu Qing regime, China once again entered a situation of warlord chaos, and armed forces in various places took advantage of the situation and fought and fought with each other, bringing endless harm to the Chinese people again.
As we get older,
Wu Xinquan, who was deeply oppressed by the warlords, deeply resented this situation and had great sympathy for the vast number of working people who had suffered from the war and the exploitation of the warlords along with him.
At the age of 14, Wu Xinquan joined the Peasant Red Guards led by the Communist Party and actively fought for the legitimate rights and interests of the peasants.
Just turned 18,
Wu Xinquan firmly believed that only the Communist Party could save the Chinese people from water and fire
Strengthening his faith in communism, he actively signed up for the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, successfully passed the test of the Communist Party organization, and joined the Communist Party of China.
During the period of the agrarian revolution, Wu Xinquan followed the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in the southern expedition to the northern war, and in the battle, he often charged ahead, took the lead, and fought a battle without death.
He has made many meritorious achievements in battles against reactionary warlords in Longgang, Jianning, Shaxian and other places
It was unanimously affirmed by the leaders of the army.
He also participated in the arduous Long March with the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and then participated in the Eastern Expedition and the Western Expedition organized by the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
Gradually grew into a brave and tactical commander and fighter of the Red Army
He successively served as the squad leader of the Third Division of the Fifth Red Army and the director of the Political Department of the Division.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Wu Xinquan served as the director of the Political Office of the 688th Regiment and the political commissar of the 687th Regiment in the 115th Division of the Continental Army, and followed the troops to participate in the counterattack of the Japanese army launched by the Second Theater East Road Army in the southeast of Jin under the command of Xu Xiangqian."
Siege of Nine Roads
"In the campaign, the level of military command is becoming more and more mature.
In 1940, he marched with the troops into the Hebei-Luyu Border Region, and successively served as the political commissar of the Second Brigade of the Second Column of the Eighth Route Army, the political commissar of the 8th Brigade of the 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army, and the commander of the Huaihai Subdistrict of the Northern Jiangsu Military Region, and participated in the battles of Yangkou, Funing, and Lianghuai in Gaogou.
It is particularly worth mentioning that in the Gaoping area of Changzhi, Shanxi, Wu Xinquan participated in the ambush battle of Licun in the north and south in accordance with the deployment command of his superiors, and Wu Xinquan, who was the political commissar at the time, led his subordinate troops to fight bravely.
Directly into the division headquarters of the Japanese brigade
, engage in hand-to-hand combat with the enemy at the right time,
Nearly 300 Japanese troops were killed and a large number of Japanese classified documents and materials were captured, while our side suffered only 4 casualties.
Wu Xinquan's military command level has initially matured, and a fighting style of both bravery and meticulousness has been formed.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Wu Xinquan was transferred to the northeast, and under the leadership of Lin Biao, he participated in the military operations of the strategic guidelines formulated by the Party Central Committee to stabilize the northeast.
During this period, Wu Xinquan successively served as the brigade commander of the Independent Brigade of the Third Division of the Fourth Army, the commander of the 6th Division of the 2nd Column of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army, and the deputy commander and chief of staff of the column.
He successively participated in the Siping Defensive Battle, the Summer, Autumn and Winter Offensive Operations, and the famous Liaoshen Campaign.
During Wu Xinquan's time in the northeast, his tactical tactics were deeply influenced by Lin Biao.
The combination of meticulousness and flexibility and bravery is more mature.
By the time he served as the political commissar of the 39th Army in 1949, Wu Xinquan's military combat style had been fully formed, the level of military command had been fully mature, and he had participated in battles such as Pingjin, Guangxi, Liuzhou, and Nanning, which were brave and invincible all the way, and won successive battles.
In the blink of an eye, the domestic war of liberation ended, the kuomintang's reactionary rule collapsed, and New China was founded.
Chairman Mao and other party and state leaders formulated the development strategy of China's economy.
However, foreign hostile forces do not die, and they have repeatedly provoked trouble in China's surrounding areas, making it impossible for our country to concentrate on economic modernization, such as the Korean War under the armed intervention of the United States.
In the face of the provocations of the Americans and Kim Il Sung's call for help, in October 1950, Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai and other party and state leaders, with their far-sighted strategic vision and the spirit of revolutionary fearlessness, decided to send the Chinese Volunteer Army to Korea."
The Struggle to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea
。
On October 19, under the leadership of Marshal Peng Dehuai, the Chinese Volunteer Army crossed the Yalu River and began the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
The first confrontation between our army and the US army took place in world war II, when the volunteer army entered the KOREAN War.
Under the leadership of Commander Wu Xinquan, the 39th Army fired the first shot of the volunteer army and the U.S. army in direct face-to-face combat.
Moreover, it is the U.S. Cavalry Division, an ace unit of the US Army that claimed to be undefeated in 160 years, and the division commander, Major General Guy, was the chief of staff of the "victorious general" Patton in World War II, and he had a lot of experience in the war.
But the 39th Army they are facing is also the ace unit of our country.
In the tempering and study of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of the People's Liberation Army, Commander Wu Xinquan has long become a tiger general who is well versed in the way of war.
At that time, New China had just been established, the country was poor and white, the weapons and equipment of the army were very different from those of the US army, and there were no other weapons available for tactical support except for some artillery and a limited number of Katyusha rockets.
In addition to the world-class weapons and equipment of the US military, the support system is unmatched, only one call, long-range artillery, bombers and other support will arrive in an instant.
It can blow up a mountain in an instant.
It is said that around October 28, because the South Korean army acting as the vanguard of the "United Nations Army" suddenly suffered a heavy setback, Lieutenant General Walker, commander of the US Eighth Army, had a bad premonition and quickly pulled the 1st Cavalry Division, the ace unit of the US Army, to the front in a vain attempt to destroy the "unknown" army blocking the road.
In order to prevent this powerful and threatening army from cutting into the rear of our army,
Peng Dehuai, commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army, issued an order to Wu Xinquan's 39th Army to rush to Yunshan.
Unsan is the capital of Unsan County, North Korea, and its mountainous and rivery geographical conditions make it a very important strategic place in the Korean War.
The success or failure of the Battle of Unsan will directly affect the trend of the Korean War
, so it was very important for both the Volunteer Army and the U.S. Army.
When the 39th Army led by Wu Xinquan arrived at Unsan on October 29 and prepared to eat the South Korean First Division defended by Unsan together with the 119th Division of the 40th Army of our volunteer army, the 8th Cavalry Regiment of the vanguard of the mechanized 1st Cavalry Division of the American Cavalry Suddenly killed
Taking over the defense of the South Korean Army, the situation seemed to quickly become tricky.
The strength of the U.S. military is well known, and the non-South Korean army is comparable. In particular, at that time, some recruits heard that the equipment of the US army far exceeded that of our army, and that each person was tall and tall, and some of them were"
Beauty-phobic emotions
”。
When Wu Xinquan came to North Korea out of the Yalu River, he heard that the recruits had such a situation, and he smiled proudly: "Mother, isn't it the Yankees?" They also don't have three heads and six arms! We not only have to touch his tiger's ass, but also take off its tiger skin and make a Taishi chair for our boss Peng! ”
Wu Xinquan's tiger mighty style can be seen.
Just as the so-called narrow road meets the brave and the victorious, Wu Xinquan is full of confidence in the US army that has eaten Yunshan.
He immediately reported his battle plan to Shiji and immediately sent troops to seize the advantageous position, preparing to use 8 infantry regiments, plus 2 artillery regiments.
Among them, it is worth mentioning that the 39th Army has just set up a rocket artillery battalion, which is equipped with domestic soil."
Katyusha
Although it is inferior to the Soviet Union, the power is also quite amazing, and Wu Xinquan is also very satisfied with this, praising the opening of foreign meat.
Soon, according to Wu Xinquan's plan, Peng Dehuai quickly approved the battle plan and scheduled the launch time of the operation at 7:30 p.m. on November 1.
Wu Xinquan excitedly said to Deng Hua, deputy commander of the Zhi division:
Please rest assured that the head of the headquarters is in this nest of wolves in Yunshan, and our 39th Army is sure to eat! ”
On the morning of the battle, the fog on Unsan was foggy, and the two sides that were about to engage did not even know the true identity of the other side, especially the US side in Unsan, and thought that the opponent was the North Korean army, and our army was also because the opponent on the Unsan side was mainly the South Korean army, and there were not many US troops.
On the same day, Wu Xinquan received a notice from the headquarters of the Volunteer Army, telling him that the US Cavalry Division had entered the Longshan Cave area.
He immediately organized the 343rd Regiment to move south quickly to prevent American reinforcements, without the slightest intention of changing the plan.
The US air reconnaissance planes quickly discovered our 343rd Regiment in the rapid march preparing to cut off the US reinforcement road, and the US troops who felt that the situation was serious launched against them, but our army still arrived at the designated location first.
Just then, the patrol detachment of the US army also arrived,
Before they could figure out the situation, the U.S. troops were killed by fire from our 343rd Regiment.
Johnson, commander of the US 5th Cavalry Regiment, who received battlefield intelligence, immediately commanded his troops to attack our positions in a vain attempt to restore communication, but they were fiercely counterattacked by our army and threw how the US troops attacked, and the 343rd Regiment never gave way.
Taking advantage of the enemy's fatigue, the 343rd Regiment immediately took the initiative to attack, and the American army was defeated
Our army completely annihilated the US B Company with one company of troops, creating an example of annihilating a company of the US army with one inferior company of our army, and winning the Battle of Yunshan for the first time.
And at this time,
The main forces of the 39th Army still occupied favorable positions and were ready to attack at the scheduled time
。 When the 116th Division, which was in charge of the attack, found that the enemy was driving cars and tanks to show signs of escape, Wu Xinquan was worthy of a generation of generals, he did not have time to report to Shiji, he stood up from his chair, pointed to the location of Yunshan on the map, and said with a cold look: "Want to run? Not so easy! ”
At 5:30 p.m. on the same day, Wu Xinquan ordered the 39th Army to launch a general offensive ahead of schedule, 3 hours ahead of schedule.
The first round of long-range artillery and our army's Turkish "Katyusha" dealt a major blow to the enemy
Seeing the powerful rockets landing in their camp from the sky, the US 8th Cavalry Regiment suddenly realized: The Chinese army is coming!
Although the South Korean army had long warned them of the possibility of a large number of Chinese troops around Unsan, the arrogant commander of the 8th Cavalry Regiment of the United States was full of pride: "Chinese? Are they the yellow races? They also fight wars? ”
Retribution came so suddenly,
The volunteer attack plunged the U.S. 8th Cavalry Regiment into despair.
The 39th Army launched a fierce attack on the enemy after the preparation of our artillery fire, with the strategy of taking the main attack on one side and encircling the two sides, and the soldiers went forward and followed without fear, and the sound of gunfire and shouts of killing were connected in the valley.
Faced with such a position of the 39th Army, the US army was terrified and scurried with its head
, almost non-imaging resistance.
The battle ended quickly, and lasted less than six hours, and when our army completely conquered the highlands outside Unsan Mountain, we found that most of them were blue-eyed and high-nosed American devils, and the South Korean soldiers had already been replaced.
At this time, Wu Xinquan also knew that his estimation of the situation was wrong, but after getting such a result, he couldn't help but look up and laugh, saying to others: "I wanted to catch a piece of fat meat, but I accidentally nibbled on a hard bone!" No wonder the firepower is so strong, it turned out to be the ace army of the US army! ”
The 39th Army fed this information back to Shiji, and Peng Dehuai only ordered in a deep voice:
Resolutely eliminate the US ace army
。 ”
Wu Xinquan won the first battle and his confidence was doubled, and he quickly formulated a strategy for attacking the main city of Yunshan, and explained his strategic policy to the commanders of the divisions: "Use more brains, first disrupt the enemy army, and then annihilate each one." ”
Subsequently, Wu Xinquan issued combat orders to the whole army.
It is required to carry forward the characteristics of our army in close combat, night combat, and bayonets
The troops immediately began to turn to the battle to attack the main city of Yunshan.
It is worth mentioning that when cleaning up the outskirts of Yunshan City,
The soldiers of the 2nd Battalion of the 348th Regiment also captured four American aircraft that were too late to escape.
This made Wu Xinquan happily only pat his thigh, laughing: "Ha, this can make foreign money!" ”
When the volunteer army rushed into the city of Yunshan, it immediately launched a bayonet street battle with the enemy troops defending the city, and the escape route of the US 8th Cavalry Regiment was cut off by our army, and it was severely hit by our army, suffering heavy casualties and falling into the encirclement of our army.
At this time, the U.S. 5th Cavalry Regiment, as a reinforcement, was also stubbornly blocked by our blocking troops on the peninsula. In the face of the continuous bombardment of dozens of US bombers, and the attack of waves of tank infantry phalanx, the original dense jungle on the position became a scorched earth.
The soldiers of the 39th Army did not flinch, even without fear, and used their flesh and blood to make the American steel tanks unable to advance.
The besieged U.S. 8th Cavalry Regiment knew that there was no hope of a breakthrough, and the support was delayed, and fell into a panic.
When my main attack troops rushed into the American positions and engaged in bayonet battles with the American troops, many American troops were so frightened that they cried wolf and burrowed under the car, and they could not see the rampant posture before the war.
The battle was fierce,
Many warriors fight to the end and even roll with the enemy to the death
Teeth bite, kick, grab, and even pull a grenade to die with the enemy, the tiger will have no soldiers, the 39th Army led by Wu Xinquan is a group of iron-boned soldiers!
After a night of fierce fighting, the 3rd Battalion of the 8th Cavalry Regiment was completely annihilated by our army, and the number was erased forever.
The battle at Yunshan City lasted for two days and three nights, and with its tenacious will to fight, the 39th Army severely damaged the 1st Cavalry Division of the US ace unit, reducing the number of more than 2,000 people, of which the US army accounted for more than 1,800 people, and also captured a variety of important military materials, including aircraft, tanks, automobiles, artillery, etc.
Wu Xinquan received the good news from the various combat units, slammed the table, and said loudly: "Hmm, the Yankees know now, right?" Melee combat, night combat, bayonet fighting, this is the heirloom of our 'Tu BaLu'! ”
The victory in this battle was of great significance to the volunteer army that had just come to Korea to fight, and some of the "fear of the United States" sentiment circulating in the army was swept away, breaking the myth of the invincibility of the US army.
Peng Dehuai heard the successful report of the Battle of Yunshan of the 39th Army and sighed:
The U.S. 1st Cavalry Division has never suffered defeat, and now it is defeated by the hands of our 39th Army!
”
Even Chairman Mao, who was far away in Beijing, the capital of the motherland, could not help but say humorously after receiving the good news: "Practice has proved that the US military is not terrible, and the paper tiger is a paper tiger after all!" ”
The subsequent 39th Army, under the command of Wu Xinquan, made great achievements in the subsequent Korean battlefield without any defeat
In the second battle, Wu Xinquan led the 39th Army to break through the US Qingchuan River defense line, and then launched a night attack on the US army on ChaiDong and Shangdong.
After killing more than 20 recalcitrant black American troops, the entire black company of 115 people was forced to raise their flags and surrender
Henceforth, the U.S. Military regulations did not allow blacks to be organized separately.
In the third campaign, Wu Xinquan commanded the troops to create an illusion to confuse the enemy, so that the enemy defending the Linjin River was confused and could not find the real offensive combat intentions of our army, and then Wu Xinquan ordered the troops to quickly break through the Linjin River and insert themselves directly into Seoul in an unexpected way.
In the fourth campaign, Wu Xinquan personally commanded the Hengcheng Interspersed Battle, and the 39th Army once again played a meticulous deployment and brave and fierce fighting style.
Annihilated more than 3,000 enemy troops in one fell swoop, including more than 800 US troops.
He was commended by the Joint Command and the Political Department for the all-army briefing.
During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, the 39th Army led by Wu Xinquan, in addition to not being defeated, annihilated an astonishing 60,000 enemy personnel, and its efficiency was daunting.
At that time, the military called the 38th Army "Long Live the Army"
And calling the 39th Army the "Changsheng Army", Wu Xinquan, as the commander of the "Changsheng Army", is naturally the "Changsheng General".
MacArthur, commander of the "United Nations Army", when he heard the bravery of his opponent Wu Xinquan's troops of the 39th Army,
Usually arrogant and conceited, he couldn't help but say that Wu Xinquan was a "terrible person".
On July 27, 1953, the Korean Armistice Agreement was signed at Panmunjom, and the Chinese Volunteer Army won a great victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea! The troops of our volunteer army have also been withdrawn to the country one after another.
At the time of the Republic's conferment in 1955,
Wu Xinquan was awarded the rank of "Lieutenant General" in recognition of his great contribution to the new China
On April 2, 1992, General Wu Xinquan died in Beijing at the age of 80.