Some people say that Xu Xiangqian, as the commander-in-chief of the Red Fourth Front, had made great achievements in battle, so why was he not reused during the War of Resistance?
In fact, this view is not correct; all generals who can be awarded the rank of marshal have made great contributions during the period of the agrarian revolution, the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the War of Liberation. Xu Xiangqian is no exception, so where does the illusion that he is not important come from?
Xu Xiangqian served as the deputy commander of the 129th Division, which was an understanding and protection of him
After the Red Army's Long March met in northern Shaanxi, it mainly included four main forces: the Red First, Second, and Fourth Fronts and the Northern Shaanxi Red Army. After the cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communists, the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army, with Zhu De and Peng Dehuai of the Red Army serving as the chief and deputy commanders-in-chief of the Eighth Route Army, and Ye Jianying as chief of the general staff.
Xu Xiangqian
Among the three division commanders, the 115th Division was reorganized by the Red First Army, and Lin Biao was the commander of the Red First Army, who was absolutely in line with outstanding military achievements; the 120th Division was reorganized from the Red Second Front, and He Long was the commander-in-chief of the Second Front, with deep seniority and great merit; the 129th Division was reorganized by the Red Fourth Front and the Northern Shaanxi Red Army, and the division commander was not Xu Xiangqian, the commander of the Red Fourth Front, but Liu Bocheng, which caused speculation and controversy.
Some people say that the Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army, which began with four divisions, and Xu Xiangqian was one of the four division commanders; during the negotiations, Chiang Kai-shek only gave three divisions to the establishment, so that Xu Xiangqian was made deputy division commander; others say that the 129th Division began to make Xu Xiangqian the commander of the division, and it was he who took the initiative to propose to be the deputy division commander.
Xu Xiangqian himself explained: "Revolution is to work for the party, and to do whatever is called." What the Party Central Committee calls it, we will resolutely do it; we are engaged in revolution, not for the sake of being an official. ”
Although it is not explicitly stated, the meaning is clear. This was an arrangement of the Party Central Committee, and it was not Xu Xiangqian who took the initiative to become a deputy division commander. Why did the party arrange for Xu to be the former deputy division commander? It may be related to the defeat of the Western Route Army.
In 1936, Xu Xiangqian led 21,800 men of the Red Fourth Front to cross the Yellow River in the west and attack the "Majia Army" in the northwest. After more than four months of bitter fighting, more than 20,000 people of the Majia Army were wiped out, but because they were outnumbered, the Western Route Army was almost completely destroyed.
Xu Xiangqian walked alone for more than two months and returned to Yan'an. Chairman Mao comforted him and said, "Don't be sad, stay in the green mountains, and don't be afraid of running out of firewood." If you can come back, there are chickens and eggs. ”
The Red Army was reorganized into the Eighth Route Army in August, just a few months after Xu Xiangqian's return from a crushing defeat. In this situation, in order to boost the morale of the War of Resistance and protect the cadres, it was inevitable that Xu Xiangqian would not be appointed as the commander of the division.
Xu Xiangqian was very convinced of serving as Liu Bocheng's deputy. He once said that Liu Bocheng was a man who handled things in a bright and upright manner, was open-minded and generous, and had quite strong military theory and command ability. It was a pleasure to work with him again.
After the Luochuan Conference, Xu Xiangqian was elected as a member of the Central Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee, with 11 members, including Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Zhou Enlai, Peng Dehuai, Ren Bishi, Ye Jianying, Lin Biao, He Long, Liu Bocheng, Zhang Hao, and Xu Xiangqian.
He was the only one elected in the name of the deputy division commander, and several other deputy division commanders did not come in, which shows his true status and the importance that the central government attaches to him.
Xu Xiangqian personally commanded, broke the siege of the six roads of the Japanese army, and the ambush battle of Xiangtangpu shook North China
In September 1937, the 129th Division went to southeastern Shanxi in accordance with its strategic deployment. In the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Xu Xiangqian commanded his troops to fight a series of victorious battles.
On December 22, the Japanese 20th Division dispatched more than 5,000 infantry and cavalry, equipped with heavy weapons such as aircraft, flat-firing guns, and curved artillery, and divided its troops into six roads to besiege the 129th Division. Xu Xiangqian appeared on the front line of the 772nd Regiment and personally commanded the operation.
Ambush of the Eighth Route Army
He cooperated with regular troops and guerrillas, internal operations with external operations, and paid attention to annihilating the enemy with mobile warfare and ambush warfare, annihilating more than 400 enemy troops at a time. This was a great victory on the anti-Japanese battlefield, the famous Ping-type Guanda Victory, and the number of annihilators was only between 600-1000.
After the failure of the Japanese "Six-Way Siege", Liu Bocheng commanded the Shentouling Ambush. Taking advantage of the enemy's unstable foothold, Xu Xiangqian single-handedly commanded another ambush of the Japanese army at Xiangtangpu, destroying more than 180 vehicles of the Yamada Heavy Brigade of the Fourteenth Division, killing and wounding more than 400 enemy personnel, and capturing a large amount of combat materials.
Zeng Wanzhong, commander of the Kuomintang 3rd Army, was invited to watch the battle and said to Xu Xiangqian with admiration: "Your army is so good at fighting, it is admirable, and it is respectable and congratulatory!" Liu Bocheng also congratulated him: "Moving forward is still the courage of the year, calm and decisive!" ”
He led the troops into southern Hebei and opened up a new world in a few months
On April 23, 1938, Xu Xiangqian, in accordance with the instructions of the Central Military Commission, led his army to advance to the south of Hebei and carried out guerrilla warfare on the plains.
He set up his headquarters in Nangong County to strike at and reorganize all kinds of local armed forces. In a few months, more than 2,000 traitors Zhang Pingqing, Feng Wuqiao, and Li Dianqing were annihilated, and more than 3,000 puppet troops defected.
In the team that was incorporated, there were two larger forces. The first is the "Youth Anti-Japanese Volunteer Regiment", the commander is Duan Haizhou, a member of the Kuomintang, a college student, very patriotic, there are more than 6,000 troops, many of them are old officers and bandits.
Xu Xiangqian personally visited the house and explained the Eighth Route Army's policy of resisting the war: "The troops were organized by you with painstaking efforts, and they will not be dismantled for you when they are reorganized, and the original cadres and establishments will be maintained. In order to unify the sequence, the name was changed, let's call it the Eighth Route Army Youth Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Column! Duan Haizhou was very happy and immediately accepted the adaptation.
Photographs taken by the Japanese army during the War of Resistance
Another team, the "Anti-Japanese Self-Defense Army", had more than 3,000 people. Xu Xiangqian incorporated it into the Eighth Route Army's Jiyu Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Detachment, which became a strong force of the Eighth Route Army, and its commander, Zhao Huilou, later joined the Communist Party of China.
In more than two months, Xu Xiangqian collected dozens of miscellaneous armed forces, expanded the troops to 18,000 people, and had 11,500 guns.
The Japanese army concentrated more than 30,000 people and besieged the anti-Japanese base area in southern Hebei in 11 ways. Xu previously used flexible tactics to avoid real attacks, and after more than 400 large and small battles, annihilated more than 5,000 Japanese puppet troops and won a victory in anti-sweeping.
In Qilu, the Kuomintang called the Shandong Eighth Route Army "Xu Qianqian"
The anti-Japanese base area in southern Hebei was opened, and Xu Xiangqian was ordered to go to Shandong to lead the anti-Japanese work.
On August 1, 1939, the first column of the Eighth Route Army was formally established, with Xu As the former commander and Zhu Rui as the political commissar, and unified command of the eighth route army units in Shandong and northern Jiangsu.
Shandong's anti-Japanese armed forces can be said to be strong and strong, with three main forces: first, the Shandong Column based on the original local uprising troops, with more than 40,000 troops; second, the Eighth Route Army's eastward anti-Japanese advancing column based on the 343rd Brigade of the 115th Division, with a strength of more than 20,000 troops; and third, the 115th Division headquarters and the 685th Regiment, with a strength of 8,000 troops.
Yu Xuezhong
Chiang Kai-shek sent Yu Xuezhong as commander of the Sulu Theater, and Shen Honglie as deputy commander and chairman of the Shandong provincial government, leading more than 100,000 regular troops and local armed forces to compete with the Eighth Route Army. Xu Xiangqian's strategy towards these two characters is just the opposite, one fight and one pull.
Yu Xuezhong spent his early years under Wu Peifu and later defected to the Northeast Army. After the Xi'an Incident, Yu Xuezhong resolutely supported Zhang Xueliang. He kept the horses that the young marshal had ridden by his side, and he did not ride them himself, nor was he allowed to be ridden by others. For him, Xu Xiangqian adopted a policy of co-optation.
The two negotiated for a long time, and Yu Xuezhong proposed that the Eighth Route Army's political power should comply with the law and should be approved and appointed by the provincial government. Xu Qianqian said humorously: "Commander Yu, I agree with the first half of what you said, we must engage in political power in the Eighth Route Army, the second half of the sentence will not be easy to handle, if we comply with Chairman Chiang Kai-shek's laws, our army will long cease to exist!" ”
For Shen Honglie, it is the policy of resolutely cracking down. This man graduated from the Japanese Naval Academy, served as the deputy commander of the admiral, beat up Japanese devils, anti-Communist insiders, and threatened: "It is better to die in Japan than to die in the Communist Party; Japan can not resist, and the Communist Party cannot fail to fight." ”
Shen Honglie was very opposed to the development of the Eighth Route Army in Shandong. Xu Xiangqian sharply refuted him: "We will develop as many guerrillas as the anti-Japanese resistance needs; we will go wherever the anti-Japanese resistance needs to go." On Chinese soil, the Japanese must not be allowed to run amok and be restricted against the Japanese army! ”
Xu Xiangqian's strategy was: stabilize Yu Xuezhong and strike hard at the anti-communist diehard Shen Honglie. At the same time, the people's power was firmly developed, and by the end of 1940, the county power had grown to more than 90, with an administrative director's office, fourteen special offices, and more than 250 district governments. Yu Xuezhong was amazed: "Communist Xu Qiangqiang is strong! ”
Shen Honglie
In view of Shandong's characteristics of having many guns and relatively large development potential, Chairman Mao demanded that Shandong regard the development of the armed forces as the center of all work, and Xu Xiangqian resolutely implemented this policy. By the first half of 1940, the Shandong Column had soared from 25,000 to 51,000, the 115th Division had 58,000 in early 1940, and had grown to more than 70,000 in September.
Rushed to Yan'an for the meeting, stayed behind due to injury, and acted as the principal of kang da
In June 1940, Xu Xiangqian left the Shandong front and went to Yan'an. Because the Central Committee is preparing to convene the Seventh National Congress, he must attend the meeting. After walking on the road for more than 200 days, I finally arrived through many obstacles.
Once, Xu Xiangqian was kicked by a restless horse, resulting in a fractured tibia in his left leg, and had to lie in the hospital for more than half a year. In May 1942, the Party Central Committee established the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Jinsui Joint Defense Command, with He Long as commander and Xu Xiangqian as deputy commander and chief of staff.
In this way, Xu Xiangqian remained in Yan'an and did not command the army again throughout the War of Resistance.
Anti-large old site
In the spring of 1943, Chairman Mao asked Xu Xiangqian to act as president of kang da. The nominal principal is Lin Biao, but he has been going to the 115 Fifth Division for almost 6 years, and the principal has been absent. Xu Xiangqian was afraid that he would not be able to do a good job: "I'm afraid I can't, I can't pick it up, or it is more appropriate to send me to the front to lead the troops to fight." ”
The chairman encouraged him to say that you have been a teacher and are a high-achieving student of Whampoa Phase I, and running a school is not a problem at all. Xu Xiangqian left Yan'an and took up his post in Suide, running schools and engaging in production. In the autumn of 1944, the anti-large farmland harvest was bumper, generating an income of 476 million yuan, an increase of 160 times over 1943.
Due to his desperate work, in July 1944, Xu Xiangqian suddenly suffered from pleurisy, had a high fever all day, stayed in the hospital for more than two months, and missed the Seventh National Congress of the Party. Once, lying on his hospital bed, he said to the chairman, "The Japanese devils are about to surrender, so let me fight another battle!" ”
What a pity that a general who has been in the battlefield for a long time can only lie on a hospital bed at a moment when the War of Resistance Against Japan is about to be victorious! How could he not be uncomfortable?
Friends who think the article is good, may wish to click a free follow, your support is my greatest motivation!