Jinyiwei was a "mysterious organization" of the Ming Dynasty, engaged in reconnaissance, arrest, interrogation and other activities, and no one who was arrested by Jinyiwei did not confess. In the Ming Dynasty, everyone talked about the change of color of the Jinyi guard, and regarded the Jinyi guard as a demon and avoided it.
Although mysterious, Jinyiwei only existed for three hundred years, and after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, it withdrew from the stage of history. In ancient Chinese history, there were many mysterious organizations, such as the Wudou Rice Cult and the Heaven and Earth Society, which acted in secrecy, and history cast a veil of mystery over them.
In ancient times, there was an organization that was more mysterious than the Jinyiwei, which existed for a thousand years and caused great headaches to all dynasties, and this mysterious organization was Manichaeism (also known as Mingjiao). The founder of Manichaeism was Manichaeism, who intended to establish a world religion.
During the Tang Dynasty, Manichaeism was introduced to China and became known as Mingjiao. After Manichaeism was introduced to China, it spread rapidly, spreading as fast and to a degree no less than Buddhism, and was welcomed by the people. Manichaeism was renamed Ming religion during the Song Dynasty and became an organization of popular rebellion against the imperial court.
In the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1119 AD), Fang La revolted, and he became the head of the sect himself, widely collected the congregation, and began to rebel against the Song Dynasty. The Fang La rebellion eventually ended in failure, and although Fang La was killed, the Ming Sect still existed.
Lu You recorded in the "Letter of Correspondence": "Fujian is called the Ming Sect, the Revelation of the Truth, and so on, with different names, and the Ming Sect is particularly prosperous... Its divine name is Ming Envoy... White-clad black hat, where the company is located. "The Ming Sect was huge in power during the Song Dynasty and became an organization that the imperial court could not ignore.
In the last year of the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Sect revived, and Han Lin'er called himself "King Xiaoming", setting off a storm of rebellion against the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang was also a member of the Ming Sect at that time, and he called the Empress Dowager Ming the name of the country, which was related to the Ming Sect.
Zhu Yuanzhang, who claimed to be empress, carried out a great purge of the Ming Sect, and originally thought that the Ming Sect would become extinct from then on, but the wildfire could not be burned, and the spring wind blew again. After the establishment of the Ming Dynasty, the Ming Sect was renamed the White Lotus Sect, which is still deeply rooted in the folk.
In the eighteenth year of Ming Yongle (1420 AD), Zhu Di moved the capital to Beijing, overhauled the palace, labored and hurt the people's wealth, paid heavy taxes, and the people did not have a good life. In the name of the White Lotus Sect, Tang Sai'er of Putai, Shandong Province, gathered the congregation and rebelled against the Ming Dynasty.
Like Fang La, the Tang Sai'er Rebellion ultimately failed. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, the White Lotus Sect secretly rebelled against the Qing Dynasty and organized many uprisings. The Qing court sent troops to suppress the White Lotus Sect many times, but the White Lotus Sect still had a strong vitality and could not be killed no matter how it was killed.
With the demise of the Qing Dynasty, the White Lotus Sect gradually withdrew from the stage of history. Manichaeism is another major religion in addition to Buddhism and Taoism, and after more than a thousand years, it has absorbed the ideological culture of Buddhism and Taoism and formed its own unique form. Manichae reflects the lives, thoughts and beliefs of ancient people, and it has played an important role in history.
References: New Book of Tang, History of Song, History of Ming, etc