China is the country with the most cultural relics, as once said in the "Record of rebuilding the Songling Academy in Wujiang": "Therefore, the state of cultural relics will be known as the southeast." ”
How big is the role of cultural relics? Cultural relics are a bridge connecting modern and ancient cultures, but also a reference object for the study of ancient history, and the source of cultural relics, in addition to a small part of which is passed down by the state, is more dependent on the excavation of ancient tombs. All the items unearthed in the ancient tomb have a very important research value, and experts can trace the origin of the ancients according to the production process of the items, bamboo jane, inscriptions, etc., and unveil the splendid civilization of the ancients.
To say that what cultural relics are most afraid of is definitely not afraid of the erosion of wind and rain, nor is it afraid of being buried deep underground and not being known, but afraid of tomb robbers. For example, a stolen tomb was found in Nanjing, and everything in it was robbed by tomb robbers. But it is also coincidental that the ancient tomb was stolen?
1. Accidental discovery
Soon after, archaeologists came to the scene, and after a period of research, experts concluded that this was the tomb of Xu Junxu, the Ming Dynasty Jinyi WeiShi. Regarding the position of Jinyiwei, it was the earliest secret agent existence.
In 1382, Zhu Yuanzhang, in order to further consolidate imperial power, balance korean-Chinese relations, and avoid the situation of the East Factory being the dominant one. To this end, Zhu Yuanzhang set up the JinyiWei, and the direct jurisdiction of the Jinyiwei was the emperor. They can arrest anyone and conduct closed interrogations, as well as participate in the work of gathering military intelligence and plotting against enemy generals. Such a position of power can be imagined, and Xu Junxu's ability to become a commander is enough to show that his ability is absolutely strong.
Except for the emperor, the Jinyi guards did not obey any dispatches. The significance of jinyiwei's existence is to supervise the East Factory and the West Factory, but because of its great jurisdiction, it is directly under the control of the Emperor with the East Factory and the West Factory, so it is also known as the eagle claw of the imperial court. Jinyiwei has great power, and has the right to arrest and interrogate the emperor's relatives and relatives, but although the power is great, in fact, the official position is not high or complicated.
The supreme leader of jinyiwei was called the commander, and his rank was only the official position of Zheng Sanpin, but because he directly obeyed the emperor and enjoyed great power, the emperor's relatives and relatives had to give him three points of thin noodles. And the commander also set up two main cadres below, that is, the commander Tongzhi, from sanpin. There were also two official positions similar to those of the deputy commander, that is, Xu Junxu's position, commanding the affairs and being a Zhengsipin official.
However, although the Jinyiwei has great power and beautiful scenery, in fact, such a scenery and glory only belongs to the living, because in the final analysis, the Jinyiwei only belongs to the secret service agency. Like our anti-narcotics police, we try not to show our faces after death, so as not to cause trouble to our families.
The same is true of Jinyiwei, his official position is not high, and it is a less visible profession, so the funeral after death is also very simple, and the entire mausoleum of Xu Junxu is 300 square meters, which is indeed a relatively small tomb compared to other ministers.
Xu Junxu is no exception, even if his elder is still Xu Da, the founding father of the Ming Dynasty, he still has to abide by the proper funeral rules. That is to say, because of his secret identity, the scale of his funeral after his death will not be much higher than that of ordinary people. This can be seen from the specifications of the tomb excavated at the site.
So, will the funerary goods in the tomb be as simple as the tomb specifications?
Second, the grave robbers have patronized nothing
When experts rushed to the scene to carry out rescue excavations of the tomb, they found that Xu Junxu's tomb had long been patronized by tomb thieves. This makes the tombs, which are not enough cultural relics, even worse. Sure enough, the tomb confirmed the suspicions of experts, and the tomb was almost empty. Fortunately, the wall carvings and inscriptions on the walls of the tomb can infer the identity status of the owner in the tomb.
As the excavation deepened, experts became more and more disappointed, and the empty tomb did not have much research value. Just when everyone was about to return disappointed, a sharp-eyed expert vaguely saw a flash of blue light in the soil, which caught his attention and immediately went to check it out. It seems that God can't bear to disappoint experts, will it be a cultural relic?
Wait for experts to open the soil to see, it turned out to be a "blue wine bottle", after the experts' research and comparison of various cultural relics books, it can be concluded that this precious national treasure - Ming Jia Jing Ji blue glazed plum bottle.
3. Precious national treasures worth 100 million yuan
This piece of porcelain is the imperial porcelain inside the Ming court, and it has a history of more than 600 years. Because it is buried in the ground, it is not eroded by sunlight and rain, coupled with the inherent state of porcelain, the porcelain that has been buried for hundreds of years is still not damaged in the slightest and is very well preserved. The plum bottle is 27.4 cm high, 3.8 cm in diameter and 8.6 cm in diameter.
The whole body is applied with high temperature Ji blue glaze, the overall dark blue color, near the bottom due to the accumulation of glaze thickness to form a similar purple-black color, from the color alone is very elegant.
Let's talk about the shape of the bottle, the bottle body is large and small, the top bottle mouth is extremely narrow, the shape of the whole bottle is round and natural, the shape of the type bottle looks very dignified and simple, and the glaze color on the bottle is thick and uniform, which can be regarded as the finest in the Ji blue glaze, which is quite exquisite.
At the bottom of the bottle, there is a circle of ripple-like lace, which adds a little sense of shape to this originally simple and generous porcelain. As it is said in "Wulin Old Things and Lantern Products": "The lamp is only at most, Su and Fu are the crown, and the new Ann comes out late, which is exquisite." ”
Finally, the experts valued this piece of porcelain, and the experts said that the porcelain that has been preserved so far is rare, and it can at least be auctioned for more than one hundred million yuan on the auction floor, and may even reach a sky-high price of more than one billion in the future. Such a valuation can be said to have shocked the archaeological community, and at the same time, experts are also very sorry, just such a humble porcelain in the ancient tomb is so valuable, do not know how precious the cultural relics stolen by the tomb thieves should be.
Moreover, we can also see from it that Xu Da, that is, Xu Junxu's father, is absolutely true love for this son, so that after the death of his son, he can also bury such a valuable item on Xu Junxu, whose tomb specifications are not high. Today, the plum bottle is preserved in the Beijing Museum.
Until a long time later, when the expert was interviewed by the media, he also said that thanks to the carelessness of the tomb robbers, this treasure was not found, otherwise the porcelain could not have been preserved intact.
As a very important cultural relic in the mainland, the plum bottle is very good in the auction market, which can be described as a valuable city. As a more exquisite and complex process in the plum bottle, the Ji blue glazed plum bottle has a higher value. And because of its beautiful shape and modern aesthetics, it is also more popular with collectors.
brief summary
In the 5,000-year history of the mainland, many skilled craftsmen have come into being, and they have won the love and admiration of generations of people with their exquisite skills and wisdom in design. China has countless cultural relics and treasures, however, since the beginning of the Opium War, until the founding of New China, in the past hundred years, the mainland has been robbed of many precious treasures by the Western powers with the posture of forcible plunder.
For archaeologists, the most worrying thing is that the mainland's own self-theft, the rise of tomb robbers, for money to dig up other people's ancestral graves, but also to sell the cultural relics obtained to foreign collectors, this is really hateful.
Cultural relics are the most precious value left to us by the ancients, but also the inheritance and precipitation of craftsmanship for thousands of years, cultural relics because of their unique irreversible characteristics, resulting in the loss of the same, it is really impossible to find the same in this world, and can no longer be produced. Unique is the characteristics of cultural relics, and it is precisely because of the importance of cultural relics and this feature that the mainland has long established a cultural relics protection law, hoping to reduce the loss of cultural relics.