Among the warlords of the Republic of China, the Ma Jiajun in the northwest is definitely a strange existence. Ma Jiajun's strength is average, but his fame is extremely large, as far as the "infamy" on the Internet is concerned, if they say second, no one dares to call it first. The most important thing is that everyone must not have imagined that the Ma Family Army, which was extremely reactionary in the Republic of China, was still a great hero like the pillar of the country in the ancestors, and had made great contributions in safeguarding national unity and resisting foreign enemies.
Ma Jiajun was first a rebel in Hezhou during the Shaanxi-Gansu Rebellion during the Tongzhi Period, and its ancestor Ma Zhan'ao killed Zuo Zongtang in the Battle of the Prince Temple, lost his armor, killed 2 Qing commanders in a battle, and took up to more than 140 generals, so he was appreciated by Zuo Zongtang, absorbed into the Xiang army system, and gradually became the agent of the Qing court in the northwest.
Affected by the Taiping Rebellion, a large-scale rebellion broke out in the northwest during the Tongzhi period. The Qing court first dispatched eight banners from the southeast battlefield to quell the rebellion in the northwest, but just when the rebel army in Shaanxi was about to be wiped out, Duolong'a was hit in the head by a stray arrow in front of the battle and died, so that the burden of quelling the chaos was pressed on Zuo Zongtang's shoulders.
After the taiping army was overthrown in the eighth year of Tongzhi, the Qing army finally had a chance to breathe, and Zuo Zongtang launched a comprehensive suppression of the rebels. At that time, the rebellion in Shaanxi had been basically eliminated, and the rebels in Gansu were mainly divided into four major units, of which Ma Hualong of Jinjibao was the core.
Zuo Zongtang mobilized a large army of multiple roads, spent more than a year to conquer Jinjibao, And Ling Chi executed Ma Hualong's father and son, and then sent three troops to encircle and suppress Ma Zhan'ao, the leader of the rebels in Hezhou. After the Qing army cleared the outer pass, they fought a decisive battle with the rebels at the Prince Temple, the gateway to Hezhou City.
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"Thirty thousand soldiers were gathered, with six admirals and thirteen general soldiers, divided into various Qing armies, with the intention of annihilating the troops of Ma Zhan'ao"
。 However, Ma Zhan'ao used the tactic of "black tiger digging out his heart" to build three fortresses in the middle of the two battalions on the right side of the Qing army at night.
When Fu Xianzong, the qing commander of the Qing army, was shot dead by Ma Zhan'ao's deputy Ma Haiyan while commanding the attack, the commander was killed, and Fu Bu collapsed and abandoned the camp and fled. The next day, Viceroy Xu Wenxiu led his troops to help, but unexpectedly fell into the ambush of the rebels and was killed at Dangchuan Fort. The Qing army lost two commanders in two consecutive days, the troops were panicked, Ma Zhan'ao took the opportunity to counterattack, and the Qing army was almost unable to form an army, and the whole line collapsed.
The rebels won a great victory, but Ma Zhan'ao did not take advantage of the victory to pursue, but instead handed over a post asking for mercy. In order to show the determination to surrender,
"Horses and horses have 4,000 odd horses, and 14,000 guns and spears are odd",
And in accordance with Zuo Zongtang's request, he sent his eldest son Ma Wuqi and Ma Haiyan and other leading sons to the Qing army's Anding camp to meet Zuo Zongtang, known in history as "the ten young masters entering Anding".
Since entering Gansu, Zuo Zongtang has witnessed the erosion and corruption of this large northwestern province.
"The army of Gansu cannot defend the people, but disturbs the people; the officials of Gansu cannot govern the people, and the people are rebellious and chaotic."
。 He believed that to solve the rebellion in the northwest, new people must be used, and Ma Zhan'ao surrendered in victory, which was right in zuo Zongtang's arms.
In the process of surrender, Ma Zhan'ao's father and son behaved calmly and talked moderately, which left a deep impression on Zuo Zongtang and said privately to his staff:
"Ma Zhan'ao is a master of the middle, and his son is also extraordinary. In the future, the bullet presses the River State, which is in the Ma family father and son"
。 Sure enough, after Ma Zhan'ao's men and horses were incorporated into the maqi three teams, they immediately turned their guns and trapped Ma Guiyuan, the leader of the rebel army and religious leader, in the Battle of Xining.
Ma Zhan'ao's "surrender" line objectively caused a split among the upper echelons of Muslims in the northwest, and a struggle between the military clique headed by Ma Zhan'ao and the anti-Qing religious forces lasted for more than twenty years, during which time the pressure of the Qing court in the northwest plummeted, and no large-scale rebellion occurred.
As the Qing government's control over the frontier continued to weaken, Ma Zhan'ao's father and son gradually rose by relying on the "legitimate" authority of the central government, not only becoming agents of the Qing government in the northwest, suppressing rebellions in various places, but also once relying on the pillars of the state. In the Gengzi Incident, Ma Fuxiang fought a bloody battle at Zhengyang Gate and was martyred. When the empress dowager of the two palaces fled westward, Ma Anliang led his team north to qin wang and made great achievements.
In the early years of the Republic of China, under the influence of the independence of Outer Mongolia, a rebellion also broke out in Inner Mongolia, and The General Soldier Fuxiang of Ningxia personally led troops to Hetao to design a trap for the bandit leader Wangde Nema and the pseudo-emperor Dar Liuji. Ma Qi, the founder of the Majiajun in Qinghai, contributed to resisting the infiltration of the British and stabilizing Qinghai and Tibet, but unfortunately the Majiajun passed down to the third generation but became the leader of the reactionary warlords.