In April 1949, on the eve of liberation, the People's Liberation Army Million Heroes Division launched the Battle of Crossing the River, in the People's Liberation Army
Nino, Nakano, Shichino
Under the offensive of destruction and decay, the Kuomintang army was defeated like a mountain and collapsed for thousands of miles.
Nanjing, the capital of the Nationalist government, was also liberated by our army.
At this time, China has seen the dawn of victory, the three major battles are over, and the elite of the Kuomintang army has been lost.
Battle of the River Crossing
Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to rule by drawing the river was completely smashed.
In China at this time, the remnants of the Kuomintang army were roughly released as follows, retreating to the southwest region of Chiang Kai-shek's concubines
Hu Zongnan
clique
Song Xilian
clique
, divide the northwest
Ma Jiajun
2. Occupy the south China region
Bai Chongxi and Li Zongren are of the new Gui lineage
, as well as the remnants of the Kuomintang army retreating to the southeast coast.
In response to the situation, the central authorities have made the following arrangements:
The First Field Army marched into the Great Northwest
, to eliminate the Majiajun clique entrenched in the four provinces of Gansu, Qingdao, Ning, and Xin, as well as the Hu Zongnan clique in Shaanxi.
The Second Field Army advanced into the Great Southwest
In coordination with the First Field Army, hu zongnan's clique was suppressed and the areas of Sichuan and Qian were suppressed
Song Xilian Group.
Map of the situation in the later stages of the War of Liberation
The Third Field Army sat in the southeast
He continued to pursue and annihilate the remnants of the Nationalist army that had fled to the southeast coast, and prepared to cross the sea to liberate the island of Taiwan.
The Fourth Field Army marched south into Hunan and the Liangguang area
He sought to annihilate the powerful Bai Chongxi Gui clan main force, and then went south to liberate Hainan Island.
Commander-in-Chief of the First Field Army
Peng Dehuai
After receiving the order, he led Ichino to march into the Great Northwest, and at this time Ichino could be described as strong and strong, and the original subordinate had it
Wang
First Corps,
Xu Guangda
Second Corps.
Seeing that the situation in the northwest was complicated, the Hu Zongnan clique and the Majiajun clique were still relatively complete, so they were reassigned from the North China Military Region
Zhou Shi
Eighteenth Corps,
Yang Dezhi
The 19th Corps was incorporated into the First Field Army.
At this time, the First Field Army also reached the covenant
350,000 people
The scale, under the leadership of General Peng, marched to the northwest with great momentum.
March to the Great Northwest
The central instructions are
Hit "Hu" first and then "Horse"
Hu was a descendant of Chiang Kai-shek who had been in Shaanxi for many years
Hu Zongnan Group
And the horse occupies the four northwestern provinces
The representative figures of the group are Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui.
Beginning in May 1949, Ichino launched a series of offensives against the Hu Zongnan clique.
On May 20, the liberation of Xi'an, the launch of the Battle of Fumei in July, followed by the Pursuit Of Longdong and the Battle of Hexi, Hu Zongnan's clique was defeated, and under a series of combined fists of Peng Zong, Hu Zongnan was unable to cope, and had to retreat south of qinling to hold firm.
Ichino's next goal is to entrap
Gan, Qing, Ning, Xin
The Majia Army group in the four provinces, the first target of which is to strike
"Green Horse"
Ma Bufang Group, followed by
"Ningma"
Ma Hongkui's department, strive for the "Ning Ma" Ma Hongbin department.
The strongest and most stubborn of these is
Ma Bufang Group
, followed by
Ma Hongkui
ministry, and
Ma Hongbin
The Ministry has been in contact with our side on many occasions and has the will to revolt.
Among the three horses in the northwest, Ma Bufang and our army can be said to have
Blood sea of vengeance
, the Red Army of that year
Western Route Army
During the Western Expedition, it passed through Ma Bufang's territory and suffered from the ministry
Inhuman
the slaughter of its means
Make somebody's blood boil
I won't go into details.
In 1949, when the Kuomintang army was defeated and retreated, the local warlord Ma Jiajun, who had originally divided the northwest, suddenly became important and became the object of Chiang Kai-shek's efforts to win over.
In April 1949, Ma Bufang was appointed as
NorthwestErn Military and Political Governor,
Ma Bufang is arrogant and fierce and cruel. In the face of the First Field Army led by General Peng, he even let out wild words:
"Lanzhou is an iron city that cannot be breached, and Peng Dehuai dared to attack Lanzhou, and this department lured the enemy to a decisive battle with favorable terrain, and annihilated it with all its might by relying on natural barriers and existing positions."
Why is it that a mere Ma Bufang, why is his tone so loud that he dares to speak wildly in the face of the overwhelming First Field Army?
What capital does Ma Bufang dare to argue with Mr. Peng?
First, Ma Bufang held the elite soldiers in his hands
In the later period of the Liberation War, the Majia Army and the Gui Army were the only two branches, and the local troops of the Kuomintang Army remained intact and basically had no loss of troops
At that time, the regular army strength of the Northwest Majia Army was about 150,000 to 160,000, and the strength of Qingma and Ningma was about half, but Ningma was divided into Ma Hongkui and Ma Hongbin, and the two brothers were not harmonious, so the strength of Ningma was greatly reduced.
The green horse is all under ma bufang's control, and ma bufang occupies it
Lanzhou, Xining
And other important cities in the northwest, not only control a wider area of land, but also control the population is far more than Ningma.
At that time, Ma Bufang's subordinates had two infantry corps and one cavalry corps, and the specific organization was as follows:
The 82nd Army had the 100th Infantry Division, the 190th Division, the 248th Division, and a 14th Cavalry Brigade
(The army is Ma Bufang's starting force, and its combat effectiveness is quite strong)
The 129th Army consisted of the 181st Infantry Division, the 357th Division, and an 8th Cavalry Brigade
(Although the army was established later, its combat effectiveness is not low, because the backbone personnel are drawn from the old units.)
Cavalry 5th Army
(The army has been stationed in Urumqi since 1945.)
These units are all Ma Bufang's regular front-line combat units, and Ma Bufang's troops are different from some other miscellaneous regiments of the Kuomintang army, and those local miscellaneous troops, looking at tens of thousands of people, are actually most of them
Temporary grab of the strong ding
There are not many people who can really pull up the battlefield to fight, so some of the Kuomintang army's miscellaneous armies are usually collapsed at a touch.
And Ma Bufang's regular troops, that is really from the battlefield, and although the weapons are average, the usual training is still in place.
Second, the combat effectiveness of the Qingma troops is strong
Ma Bufang was fierce and brutal, and so were the troops he led
Fierce and brutal
The disastrous defeat of the Red Army's Western Route Army at that time can be said to be the most painful defeat of our army.
The fighting power of Qingma is far superior to that of Ning Ma
Several confrontations between Ning Ma and our army have ended in fiasco, but our army has often been at a disadvantage in several encounters with Ma Bufangbu.
Therefore, Ma Bufang was very confident in the troops he had single-handedly formed, believing that the communist army had been defeated in his hands many times, and its combat effectiveness was only so good, and he did not understand why the Kuomintang Central Army could be so vulnerable.
When ma jiajun is mentioned, we have to mention him
cavalry
The most unique thing about majiajun is his cavalry, which is an important part of Majiajun, and cavalry accounts for the total number of Majiajun at most
40 percent
Such a high proportion of cavalry was impossible for any other unit in China at that time.
Are the cavalry of the Ma family army strong? It was indeed strong, and a large part of the reason for the fiasco of the Western Route Army at that time was that the Majia Army had a highly mobile cavalry unit.
At that time, the Red Army's Western Route Army had weak firepower, lacked automatic weapons, and was often difficult to overcome in the face of highly mobile cavalry charges, and the cavalry tactics of the Majia Army were also very high.
(But at this time, Ichino led by General Peng can be said to be a shotgun for a gun, and the cavalry is most afraid of what, the artillery!) In the face of absolute heavy fire superiority, the role of cavalry is very limited)
Third, lanzhou's dangerous terrain
Lanzhou, named after Gaolan Mountain, was called Jincheng in ancient times. Lanzhou is an important central city in the northwest region, located at the traffic throat connecting Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu and Ningxia provinces.
Lanzhou since
Qin Dynasty
Since the establishment of the county, it has a history of more than 2,200 years of city building, and since ancient times, it has been a transportation hub and military fortress that "connects the four domains and carries thousands of miles", and since ancient times, it has been a place where soldiers and families must fight, and Lanzhou can be fixed in the northwest.
Therefore, Ma Bufang believes that his troops have built national defense fortifications and built a large number of strong bunkers in the fortresses near Lanzhou, and ma jiajun has been operating in Lanzhou for many years and has a very strong control over the local area.
With elite troops in hand and occupying favorable terrain, Ma Bufang thought that the Ma family army could fight with the First Field Army? Ma Bufang made wild remarks, saying that if the People's Liberation Army dared to come, he would annihilate them in one fell swoop.
So what was the state of the Battle of Lanzhou? In the next issue, the First Field Army of General Peng and the Ma Bufang Ma Family Army are explained in detail
Decisive battle in Lanzhou
。