At present, the vast majority of car companies are undergoing electrification transformation, and major enterprises are shouldering the goal of carbon neutrality and carbon peaking. How to further reduce the fuel consumption of new cars, while at the same time obtaining better power, control feelings, and space experience, in 2021, independent brands have handed over their own answers.
This article will talk about the PHEV insertion and mixing technology of Changan Automobile, Great Wall Motor, BYD and Geely Automobile, and compare how these brands have solved the problem of "less oil and more electricity". (This article is about 4200 words, the reading difficulty is four stars, after reading you will have a better understanding of the power principle of the new car that will be launched next year.) ）
From the consumer's point of view, the biggest advantage of buying a plug-in hybrid model is that it is directly on the green card and exempt from purchase tax.
Pure electric vehicles can also achieve the same purpose, but the pure electric vehicles currently on sale still have the problem of endurance anxiety caused by high power consumption levels and discounted mileage in long-distance driving.
Plug-in hybrid models solve the problem of endurance anxiety in the way of replenishment, after all, the latter can go as long as the fuel is refueled. PHEV models can be oily and electric, and one more way of replenishing energy means one more car experience. Short-distance electricity, long-distance oil, PHEV plug-in mixed car in the daily commuting process, you can enjoy the quiet driving experience of pure electric travel.
With the support of the motor, the plug-in hybrid model is faster at the start, and the motor makes up for the shortcomings of the low torque output of the fuel engine.
Taking the Song PLUS model as an example, the fuel version of the model measured 0-100km/h acceleration time is 9.8 seconds; the Song PLUS DM-i 51KM model is measured to accelerate 0-100km/h by 7.8 seconds, and the DM-i super hybrid system focusing on fuel saving can bring significant power performance improvement to the model.
Starting with this table, we summarize the characteristics of the PHEV plug-in hybrid technology of five car companies.
(1) Changan Automobile
Changan Automobile adopts a tandem hybrid structure, a coaxial triple-clutch P2 module, and the layout type of P2 module is favored in the current hybrid field and has a certain maturity.
When the separation clutch is arranged between the combustion engine and the motor, the P2 module can drive the car in pure electric mode. The motor is arranged between the engine and the transmission.
It means that the battery is driven by pure electricity when it has electricity, and it is driven by the engine when there is no electricity. The P2 drive motor is used to assist the power output of the engine, ensuring a good power output.
The advantage of this hybrid system is that it is equipped with a high-performance blue whale engine. The Blue Whale iDD hybrid system is equipped with a 1.5T engine, which adopts a series of new technologies such as agile and efficient combustion system, intelligent thermal management system, Miller circulation, intelligent lubrication system and so on.
The engine has a maximum power of 126 kW and a maximum torque of 260 N·m. Officials said that the next 5 years will be further evolved, the application of variable valve lift, variable section electronic turbocharging and a series of new technologies, to achieve 45% thermal efficiency.
Another advantage of this hybrid system is that it is equipped with a large capacity PHEV battery, equipped with a 30.74kWh battery, and the pure electric endurance of the medium-sized SUV can also reach 130km.
This Blue Whale electric drive transmission has 4 core technologies: high-efficiency high-pressure hydraulic system, intelligent electronic double pump technology coupling, S-winding winding technology, and triple clutch integration technology.
The electric drive of the transmission has a total efficiency of 90%, the maximum efficiency of the motor controller is more than 98.5%, the motor power density reaches 10 kW/kg, and the hydraulic system pressure is up to 60 bar. Officially, the Blue Whale iDD system has a maximum transmission efficiency of 97%, and the system's comprehensive torque can reach up to 590 Nm. The platform accelerates as fast as 6 seconds from 100 km/h and reaches a speed of 200 km/h.
To put it simply, Changan Automobile's plug-in hybrid technology is derived from the mature P2 series hybrid structure technology, combined with its own core technology, which further improves the transmission efficiency of the system and achieves the goal of reducing comprehensive fuel consumption.
The advantages and disadvantages of the tandem hybrid structure are that the acceleration power is sufficient, especially the acceleration in the middle and rear sections, and at the same time that the 1.5T engine explodes power, there is also an electric motor that provides assistance very quickly, so it brings a very light acceleration experience.
The disadvantage is that if the vehicle has a 6-speed dual-clutch transmission, it will have a downshift response time, so the dynamic responsiveness is slightly behind, and it may bring some driving experience.
Compared with the ordinary double clutch, the electric drive transmission in order to achieve the function of P2 hybrid on the front axle, through the integration of P2 motor module to achieve engine, pure electric and hybrid mode, and the motor module in order to achieve P2/P4 different hybrid mode switching also added a set of clutch, which is the origin of Changan Automobile's use of "three clutch". With it, to a certain extent, it solves some of the pain points in the current dual-clutch experience: such as the durability, stability and setbacks of the transmission.
In short, the three-clutch integration not only makes the structure more compact and lightweight design, but also promotes the energy efficiency and smoother experience of this electric drive transmission.
Editor's comments: The advantage of the P2 series hybrid structure is that the power performance of the vehicle is quite strong when the power is sufficient. Changan Automobile officially said that the acceleration of the initial stage of Blue Whale iDD can reach 0.6g, and the fastest acceleration of the vehicle to 100 kilometers takes only 6 seconds. However, the disadvantage of the P2 series hybrid structure is that when the power is insufficient, it is more dependent on the power output of the engine, and the power performance of the power loss state and the full power state are larger, and the smoothness will also be affected.
If consumers are worried that the power output of the vehicle will be dragged or the gear shift will be frustrated in the state of power loss, then the hybrid hybrid structure introduced next can solve this problem very well.
(2) Great Wall Motors
Great Wall Motor's lemon hybrid DHT is a set of DHT highly integrated oil-electric hybrid system, using a dual motor structure, the position of the motor is in the "transmission part" of the entire hybrid system.
The DHT module can be understood as the "transmission" of the lemon hybrid DHT, which includes a reducer, clutch, shift mechanism and dual motors.
Lemon DHT hybrid has two power forms, three sets of powertrains, according to the needs of users in different scenarios, equipped with different capacity power batteries, and synchronously expand the HEV/PHEV two power architecture.
Great Wall Motors adopts a hybrid hybrid structure, mainly driven by motors, which is somewhat similar to Honda's i-MMD hybrid technology, so that the engine can act as both a driving force to drive the wheels and a generator to charge the battery, killing two birds with one stone.
At high speeds, the vehicle adopts direct engine drive mode and cooperates with high and low two-speed transmissions, so as to better balance power performance and fuel economy.
From the perspective of hybrid combination, the Great Wall Lemon DHT hybrid platform has a total of 3 sets of powertrains, including 1.5L hybrid special engine + DHT100, 1.5T hybrid special engine + DHT130, 1.5T hybrid special engine + DHT130 + P4. The last one is the powertrain used in four-wheel drive models.
At the same time, compared with the fixed gear ratio of the single-speed transmission, the two-speed hybrid transmission used by the Lemon DHT hybrid platform allows the engine to play a greater role in the wider speed range of the direct drive vehicle, with the best efficiency range.
According to official data, the urban fuel consumption of medium-sized vehicles equipped with high-power lemon hybrid DHT system is 5L/100km, and the fuel consumption of high-speed vehicles is 6.5L/100km.
The Great Wall Lemon DHT hybrid platform has strong advantages in terms of power performance, of which the PHEV four-wheel drive version of the system has a maximum power of up to 320kW. Take the upcoming Weipai Mocha DHT-PHEV as an example, it can achieve 4.8 seconds zero hundred acceleration, the maximum climb of up to 65%.
Another highlight of the lemon DHT hybrid platform is the use of large-capacity DHT-PHEV batteries, and the use of the industry's first "Z-type" laminated battery design, which improves the energy density and battery cycle life of the battery, providing consumers with a longer pure electric range.
Mocha DHT-PHEV has up to 45kWh of power storage, cruising range of up to 204km, as a PHEV model, its pure electric mileage is the leading level in the same class.
Compared with winding batteries, Wei brand DHT-PHEV "Z-type" laminated batteries have higher space utilization and longer life. The "Z-type" laminated battery has better structural adaptability at the corners, the energy density is increased by 5%, the battery cycle life is increased by 10%, and the capacity of the battery cell can be greater than 80% after 3,000 cycles, so as to ensure that the Wei brand DHT-PHEV model enjoys an 8-year / 150,000 km battery warranty.
In terms of charging, the Mocha DHT-PHEV supports up to 60kW DC fast charging, and the power is charged from 10% to 80%, which takes only 35 minutes. Therefore, the Great Wall Lemon DHT hybrid platform is also superior in charging efficiency.
Editor's comments: The Lemon DHT hybrid platform covers HEV/PHEV models, takes into account the power performance of starting acceleration and high-speed working conditions, and has a larger capacity battery, supports 11kW AC charging, and brings consumers a better daily commuting pure electric travel experience.
(3) BYD
BYD adopts a hybrid hybrid structure, mainly driven by motors, and the structural principle is relatively close to that of Great Wall Motors, but BYD adopts a single-stop direct-drive structure and no traditional gearbox. Doing so can result in lower costs and a more cost-effective model price.
In order to take into account different levels of models, BYD DM-i super hybrid system also provides a variety of power collocation, compact cars generally use Snap Cloud - plug-in hybrid special 1.5L high-efficiency engine, with EHS132 and EHS145 two sets of mixed systems, medium-sized SUV Tang DM-i will be equipped with Xiaoyun - plug-in hybrid special 1.5Ti high-efficiency engine, while matching EHS160 mixed system to ensure sufficient power output.
Models equipped with the DM-i Super Hybrid System are characterized by electricity and engines. Most of the working conditions are mainly driven by motors, so its core technology is two points, large motors + large batteries, using high-power motors to drive vehicles, and using high-capacity power blade batteries to store energy.
The Xiaoyun-plug-and-mix special high-efficiency engine is more likely to play the role of a range extender, running at an economical speed to generate electricity for driving motors.
Under urban conditions, the high-power drive motor replaces the work of the traditional fuel engine to drive the vehicle, so that the driving process of the whole vehicle is quieter and the power is smoother; under high-speed conditions, the engine directly provides power, reducing the secondary conversion of energy and achieving the purpose of more fuel saving.
BYD's DM-i Super Hybrid compares with the Great Wall Lemon DHT Hybrid, which has better power performance, and the two-speed transmission brings better acceleration performance and better high-speed cabin quietness.
The advantage of BYD DM-i is that it is compact in structure, lighter in system quality, reduces gear shifting setbacks, and high-power motors can complete speed control, and also achieve good power output in the state of power loss.
Editor's comments: BYD DM-i super hybrid has the characteristics of "fast, provincial, quiet and smooth", and the focus falls on a "provincial" word. DM-i super hybrid does not need the traditional multi-gear transmission, the use of single-stop direct drive, not only saves manufacturing costs, but also can make the structure more compact, the system quality is lighter, so that the urban congestion conditions fuel consumption is lower, but also with a more affordable price into the market, thus capturing the hearts of consumers.
(4) Geely Automobile
The solution given by Geely Automobile is Ray Shenzhiqing Hi · X Hybrid platform. The platform supports the development of models from A0 class to C class, and is suitable for a variety of hybrid technology modes such as HEV, PHEV and REEV, with a high level of platform versatility.
Geely Automobile's hybrid system adopts a parallel hybrid structure, the engine and motor can drive the vehicle independently, generally when the low-speed working condition or low torque output is driven by the motor wheels, the medium-speed working condition or medium torque output is operated by the engine, and the high-speed working condition or high torque output is the two together.
Thor Hi · The X-oil-electric hybrid is equipped with a 3-speed hybrid electric drive transmission DHT Pro, which is highly integrated with one P1 motor for power generation and one P2 motor for driving, two motor controllers, and a 3-speed ratio variable speed increasing torque mechanism within an axial size of only 354 mm.
The P1 motor connected to the engine by the DHT Pro hybrid transmission not only acts as a generator, but also replaces the start-stop motor, and part-time makes the engine start more smoothly and reaches the efficient working range. Compared with the 48V BSG motor (P0 motor), the P1 motor has more power and can take into account the start-stop, power generation and other work.
The P2 motor integrates a gear shift mechanism and a dual planetary gear set, the clutch set is equivalent to an AT transmission torque converter, and the double planetary gear set plays the role of power shunt and provides different transmission ratios.
The biggest feature of Geely's hybrid system is the full-speed domain parallel connection. Driven by a motor for low-speed starters, it can enter parallel mode at a speed of more than 20 km/h per hour to achieve ejection start, which is much lower than the parallel speed of at least 70 km of hybrid Japanese vehicles, and the system efficiency is increased by 20%.
In terms of improving power, when starting, the 3-speed DHT Pro matches the 1st gear speed ratio through the clutch combination to achieve a catapult start, and the starting acceleration ability is increased by 50%. At an acceleration of 80-120km/h, 60% of the reserve power is released and high-speed overtaking is achieved quickly.
For reference, the Great Wall Lemon Hybrid DHT switches to parallel mode at a speed of 35km/h, while the Honda i-MMD system requires a speed of 80km/h to enter parallel mode.
Editor's comments: Geely's hybrid system has the advantage of paralleling the system at full speed, its power performance response is better, the engine thermal efficiency is better, the power loss fuel consumption is more advantageous, and it covers HEV/PHEV models, which has strong expansion.
Summary: 2021 can be said to be the first year of the comprehensive development of new energy vehicles, major car companies no longer focus on pure electric vehicles, but to fully promote HEV hybrid / PHEV plug-in hybrid technology to achieve the goal of lower fuel consumption, longer endurance, and bring consumers a more convenient car experience.
Of course, this is closely related to the "double integration policy" and the soaring cost of batteries, and the use of power battery costs of LOW PHEV models to earn positive fuel points is the next thing that car companies will do, and it will not be elaborated here.
This year, BYD has taken the lead in achieving an annual sales target of 200,000 plug-in hybrid models with DM-i super hybrids. As 2022 approaches, other Chinese brands will also rush to promote the launch of new PHEV models, and we can expect their market performance.
If you want to know more about new energy vehicles, please continue to pay attention to my easy car number: Liang Weiming.