There are still many ancient cities in China today, and some ancient cities have been submerged in the long river of history with the passage of time. Speaking of China's mysterious disappearing ancient cities, such as the ancient country of Loulan, in people's impressions, Loulan has always been more mysterious. Loulan was founded in 176 BC, but mysteriously disappeared in 630 AD. It was not until March 29, 1900, that Sven Hedin stumbled upon the mysterious disappearance of the ancient city. However, Loulan is disappearing and reappearing, there is an ancient city is not the same, it disappeared once every few hundred years, repeatedly disappeared several times, until the modern social bulldozer discovered the mystery.
This ancient city is Kaifeng, which is located on the Eastern Henan Plain south of the Yellow River. Speaking of it, many people may think of Bao Qingtian, who once adjudicated the case fairly. Kaifeng City actually appeared as early as 5,000 years ago, in the Spring and Autumn Period, this place belongs to the Zheng Kingdom, Zheng Zhuanggong built the city wall here, taking the meaning of opening up the territory, named Kaifeng. However, Tan really became a capital city in the ninth year of King Hui of Wei (361 BC), during which the State of Wei also wanted to occupy the Central Plains and also to escape the powerful State of Qin. Deciding to move the capital, Kaifeng was named Da liang, and it became a capital city.
In the twenty-second year of Qin Shi Huang, a devastating disaster belonging to Kaifeng arrived, and Qin Shi Huang wanted to unify the world. Ordering Wang Ben to attack Da liang, because he could not defeat it, Wang Ben ordered people to divert water to flood the city. As a result, the State of Wei was destroyed, and the city was destroyed. This was the first devastating blow in kaifeng's history, and for five or six hundred years since then, Kaifeng has been in a state of decay.
However, the decline did not last long, and in the later five generations, Later Liang, Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou all set the capital kaifeng, calling it The Kaifeng Prefecture of Tokyo, or Fenjing. In 960, Zhao Kuangyin established the Song Dynasty and still set the capital in Kaifeng. But two years after Jing Kang, the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed by the Jin Dynasty. The city of Kaifeng suffered a second disaster.
"Kaifeng City, Stacked City, there are several cities buried underground", this legend has always been circulated in the folk of Kaifeng Province, but no one has confirmed it. Until modern times, archaeologists have always wanted to find the imperial city of the Northern Song Dynasty, the imperial city that lasted for 168 years, flourished to the extreme, but mysteriously disappeared.In 1981, the time for this search came. When the Longting Lake in Kaifeng was cleaning up the silt, the bulldozer dug out and felt wrong, and this push pushed out the ruins of the ancient city, and soon, the ruins of the large-scale Ming Dynasty Zhou Wangfu appeared in front of people.
According to historical records, the Zhou Dynasty Palace was built on the imperial cities of the Song and Jin Dynasties. The archaeology of Songcheng, which lasted for more than 20 years, began, and in the process of searching, experts gradually discovered that there was more than one city here. The ruins of other cities have also been discovered, and the legend of Kaifeng City Stack City is true. The three cities of Ming, Jin and Song were stacked on top of each other from top to bottom, and the difference was very obvious, while most of the ruins of the Zhou Dynasty palace were well preserved, about three to five meters below the ground.
In addition to the "city stack city" and "wall stack wall", many strange phenomena of "road stack road", "door stack gate" and "horse road stack horse road" were also found in the archaeological process. There are five cities here, including Kaifeng City in the Qing Dynasty and Fenzhou City in the Tang Dynasty, but Daliang City was too deep to be excavated. These cities have been buried again and again, either because of war or because the sediment of the Yellow River has been buried again and again, and the reason why Kaifeng disappeared in history after hundreds of years has also been confirmed by the world, and it has been buried under the sediment.
Kaifeng can be said to be the Yellow River, and the defeat is also the Yellow River. From the beginning of the first liang city to build the city, I thought that this place is not far from the Yellow River. But at the same time, Qin Bing also introduced the water of the Yellow River to flood it, and after changing the course of the Yellow River in the Jin Dynasty, it flooded Kaifeng several times. Therefore, the spectacle of several cities stacked on top of each other is formed, and another feature of Kaifeng is the hanging river on the ground.
Many floods of the Yellow River have caused the ancient city to be deeply immersed in silt, and the riverbed has been continuously raised because of the accumulation of sediment on the Yellow River, forming a hanging river above the city. In fact, there are many cities on the Yellow River that have the same fate as Kaifeng, but the ancient capital of the Eight Dynasties of Kaifeng City, like it is unique to stack so much. In some ways, Kaifeng City is a living fossil, a history of dynastic change.
Reference: History of the Song Dynasty