Sima Qian's "Book of Baoren An" has two passages, the first paragraph is his understanding of being tortured by the palace, which he believes is the greatest insult to life; the second paragraph is his dream, he wants to use words to pass on for hundreds of years, to wash away the insults he has been tortured by the palace.
1. Man is inherently dead, or heavier than Mount Tai, or lighter than Hong Mao, and his use is also different. Taishang, not to insult the first, then not to humiliate the body, secondly not to insult the color, secondly not to insult the rhetoric, secondly to be humiliated, secondly to be humiliated, secondly to Guan Musuo, to be humiliated by Zhen Chu, secondly to remove hair, baby gold iron is insulted, followed by the destruction of skin, severed limbs are humiliated, the lowest rotten punishment is extreme!
Translation: Although everyone dies once, some people die heavier than Tarzan, and some people are lighter than Hong Mao, because they rely on different things for survival! The most important thing for a person is not to insult his ancestors, secondly, not to be insulted by himself, again not to be humiliated by the face of others, again not to be humiliated by the words of others, again to be humiliated by being bound to the ground, again to be humiliated by putting on a prison uniform, again to be humiliated by wearing shackles and handcuffs, to be humiliated by being whipped with a staff, again to be humiliated by shaved hair and neck shackles, again to be humiliated by destroying skin and amputating limbs, and the most inferior is corruption, insulted to the extreme.
2. When the servant cheng wrote this book, he hid the famous mountain, and passed it on to his people, and if he passed it on to the capital of Tongyi, then the servant paid the responsibility of the previous humiliation, although he was killed, how could he repent!
Translation: Now that I have actually finished writing this book, I intend to hide it in the famous mountains, pass it on to the people who can pass it on, and then let it spread into the city, then I have compensated for the insults I had suffered before, even if I have been insulted a thousand times, what regret do I have?
In these two passages, it is not difficult to see the ideal of "changing fate with words" in Sima Qian's era, but who should fulfill the "famous mountain of hiding and passing it on to others" that he said? In the main history, Sima Qian's wife has no name and surname, but not having a name and surname does not mean that there is none. According to legend, before Sima Qian was punished by the palace, he not only had a wife, but also a concubine, and the wife and the concubine gave birth to two sons and a daughter for him, and both sons later lost the following, but the daughter really existed in the history books.
Today, we put aside the life of Sima Qian's former wife and concubine who was punished by the palace, and talk about his daughter Sima Ying. In the "Book of Han and the Biography of Yang Chang", it is said: "Open Zi Yun, the mother sima Qiannu also." Yun began to read the grandfather Taishi Gongji, quite Spring and Autumn, with the ability to be called, good friends handsome Confucian. This means that the mother of Yang Chang's son Yang Yun was Sima Qian's daughter Sima Ying. In addition to this son, Sima Ying and Yang Chang also had a son named Yang Zhong, who was also their eldest son. Yang Zhong, zi Menglan, yang chang's eldest son. He inherited his father's title and became the Marquis of Anping. In addition, they also had a youngest son, Yang Bao, who was famous for studying Ouyang's Book of Shang, and was arrested until the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and did not come out of the family and eventually grew old.
Yang Yun (杨恽), ziyou (字子幼), was the second son of Yang Chang (杨開), the second son of Yang Chang. The official residence is the Marquis of Pingtong. Since childhood, he studied the "Taishi Gongshu", a good historiographer, and was zuo cao at the time of Emperor Xuan of Han. He was repeatedly reviled for being cynical and overly verbal. He made great contributions to the collection and custody of Sima Qian's "Records of History". This is consistent with the "Book of Han And Yang Chang Biography" "Yun first read the Records of the Ancestral Taishi Gongji, quite Spring and Autumn, with the ability to be called, good friends and handsome Confucians".
Yang Yun was able to read his grandfather's works from an early age and was influenced by them, mainly thanks to his mother Sima Ying, who was the one who first "passed on the History of History" to his people. The year of Sima Yingsheng's death is unknown. Scholars believe that she was born about 15 years before Sima Qian was sentenced to death. At that time, a 15-year-old girl could not only fall in love, but also marry someone. It is said that when his father was being tried and imprisoned for defending Li Ling, 15-year-old Sima Ying, deeply aware of the impending disaster, persuaded his mother and two brothers to flee the capital in case of an accident. She could have escaped with her mother and brother, but at this time she thought of her sweetheart, Yang Chang. She believes that the Yang family is the home of the houmen generals for generations, and it is also a large family with great prestige, and it should be very safe to go to the Yang family to take refuge. In this way, she consulted with her family and decided to bring the "History" to her side for future generations.
Sima Ying's wisdom proved that it was safe for her to take refuge in the Yang family, and the Records of History were thus preserved. After the death of Emperor Wu of Han, her husband Yang Chang was favored by Huo Guang for his cautious words and deeds, and became Huo Guang's military commander. He also successively served as a long history and a lieutenant of sosu, and then he was ranked as the ninth secretary and served as the chief secretary of state finance. Later, he was appointed as the Third Duke and was appointed by Emperor Zhao of Han as the Imperial Counselor and Minister.
During this period, there are not many records about Sima Ying in the history books, but it is said that Emperor Han Zhao died and Liu He succeeded to the throne, but Liu He only knew how to find joy and pleasure, huo Guang wanted to abolish Liu He, and when he came to consult with some of the powerful ministers at that time, Yang Chang was so frightened that he sweated and did not know what to say. Sima Ying, who was behind the scenes, looked at her husband's anxious appearance, so when the people walked away, he stepped forward and told her husband: "How can you hesitate about major state affairs?" The great general has already made a decision, and you should also make a quick decision, otherwise it will inevitably be a big disaster. But before she could finish her words, the visitor returned, unable to avoid it, and she simply faced the important matter to be discussed with her husband and the comer. Because of the presence of his wife, Yang Chang informed the visitor that he was willing to obey Huo Guang's orders. In this way, Sima Ying helped her husband Yang Chang escape the disaster. Just imagine, if Yang Chang didn't know how to express his position or didn't know how to take a stand at that time, he would inevitably become the object of Huo Guang's elimination, Huo Guang could abolish Liu He, and the Yang family's fate would not be much better.
The next thing was known to everyone: the next day, Yang Chang and his courtiers met with the empress dowager and stated that Liu He was not in various ways, and the empress dowager immediately issued an edict to depose Liu He and appoint Liu Qing, the great-grandson of Emperor Wu of Han, as a prince (Emperor Xuan of Han). Yang Chang died more than a month later and died well. After Yang Chang's death, his son Yang Zhong inherited his title, but this person is not recorded in the history books, so people only know Yang Yun's contribution to the "History" for posterity.
It is said that every time Yang Yun reads the "History of History", he will be attracted by the contents of it, so that he will eventually fall in love with it, and every time he reads it, he will burst into tears and sigh. When Emperor Xuan of Han was in charge of the Qing Dynasty, Yang Yun was given the title of Marquis of Pingtong, and felt that the time was ripe for the "Records of History" to see the light of day again. Therefore, Yang Yun wrote to Emperor Xuan of Han and dedicated the "Shi Ji" and obtained the "public release" of the "Shi Ji", and since then, the people of the world have been able to read this great historical work together.
In 54 BC, Yang Yun was beheaded by Emperor Xuan of Han for the crime of rebellion, but the "Records of History" had spread. What is even more gratifying is that the Yang family has not been wiped out because of Yang Yun's departure. Yang Zhong's son Yang Tan and the heirs of Yang Bao, who had never been born, eventually carried forward the Yang clan and became the Hongnong Yang clan.
Hongnong was a county established by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty in 113 BC, with its seat in present-day Lingbao, Sanmenxia, Henan Province. Its jurisdiction at that time included the city of Sanmenxia in present-day western Henan Province, the western part of Nanyang City, and the city of Shangluo in southeastern Shaanxi Province. The Hongnong Yang clan, a famous and prestigious family with Hongnong County as the county, has produced talents throughout the dynasties, such as the "Three Yangs of the Western Jin Dynasty" (Yang Jun, his brothers Yang Jue, and Yang Ji) who held the power of the military state in the Wei and Jin dynasties; the Yang Bo brothers of the public family in the Northern Wei regime; the Yang surname "ElevenThm Prime Minister Family" in the political group of the "Li Wu Wei Yang" marriage political group during the Li Tang Dynasty; the Yang family generals who were loyal and loyal in the Song Dynasty, and the Yang Dawei of the Dali Temple of the Southern Song Dynasty. His family style of "honesty and four knowledges", "innocent heirlooms" and "loyal martyrs to the country" initiated by Yang Zhen of the Eastern Han Dynasty had a far-reaching impact on future generations.
Today, people are familiar with the Sui Wen Emperor Yang Jian, the Sui Emperor Yang Guang, as well as Tang Taizong's Yang Concubine, Wu Zetian's mother Yang Shi, Tang Xuanzong's beloved concubine Yang Yuhuan, and so on, and even Yang Xiu, Yang Jiong, Yang Ningshi, Yang Shi, Yang Wanli, Yang Dayi and other literati are from the Hongnong Yang clan... At this time, the sad and indignant Sima Qian may be able to smile at Jiuquan.
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