The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (hereinafter referred to as the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee) was established under the banner of consultation and nation-building by kuomintang democrats and other patriots who adhered to Dr. Sun Yat-sen's "three major policies" at a decisive moment when China's two destinies were decisive after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Due to historical reasons, many of the ancestors of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee had a special influence in the Kuomintang military and political circles, some of them actively instigated the uprising of the Kuomintang military and political personnel, some personally led the troops to the light, and some were imprisoned or even paid for it. In short, the ancestors of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee made unique contributions to the cause of people's liberation.
(Li Jishen, founder of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee)
To dismantle the enemy army, "if the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee does not make achievements in plotting rebellion, why will it be handed over to the new CPPCC?"
On New Year's Day 1948, the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee was formally established in Hong Kong. In order to realize national reunification as soon as possible, end the war at an early date, and reduce the suffering of the people, Li Jishen proposed that the top priority of the Kuomintang Revolution was to "do our best to disintegrate Chiang Kai-shek's army to cooperate with the military offensive of the Chinese Communists." He said: "If the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee does not make achievements in plotting rebellion, how will it be handed over to the new CPPCC?" Why give the coalition government. The Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee immediately issued a "Letter to Comrades of the Party in Chiang Kai-shek's Jurisdiction," calling on the Kuomintang to "be loyal and loyal, strong and united, work together with the democratic parties, and allow the Party to take the lead in the uprising and break free from the clutches of the devil as soon as possible."
Jinan is a strategic point for the Chiang Kai-shek clique to support the endgame in North China. The reorganized 96th Army was responsible for the defense of the western part of the city, and the commander of the army, Wu Huawen, was from the Northwest Army, and was unwilling to follow the Nanjing government to the end. As early as the summer of 1946, he contacted Li Jishen, Chen Mingshu and other Kuomintang democrats through Feng Yuxiang to express his willingness to find light.
Li Jishen met with Dong Biwu in Shanghai and asked the CCP to enlighten Wu Huawen on policies and take care of his future. Dong Biwu attached great importance to it, and immediately telegraphed to the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, instructing the East China Military Region and the Lunan Military Region to send people to contact him. Later, Feng Yuxiang and Li Jishen were enlightened and persuaded by Wu Huawen's teacher and well-known democrat Liu Ziheng.
(Wu Huawen during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, second person on the left)
In September 1948, the East China Field Army launched the Jinan Offensive, and although Wu Huawen had some hesitations, he withdrew from the battlefield with more than 20,000 people at a critical moment and gave up his defensive position. Zhu De commented: "Wu Huawen played a considerable role in our efforts to lay siege to Jinan, and such an uprising is needed in future operations. ”
At the end of the Liberation War, Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi controlled the central China region centered on Wuhan, with more than 400,000 troops, and Li Jishen took advantage of the deep historical relationship with the Gui clan to do a lot of counter-offensive work against Li and Bai. "As the revolution has progressed so far, it seems that there should be no longer any room for wandering and waiting, putting down the butcher's knife, becoming a Buddha on the ground, hoping to stand on the stand of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, and in accordance with the anti-imperialist, anti-feudal, anti-bureaucratic capitalism, anti-dictatorship, and anti-counter-chaos ideas, it is in favor of opening a new political consultative conference, organizing a coalition government, and taking immediate action. However, Bai Chongxi was obsessed with it, and was bent on ruling the river with the CCP, and finally defeated Guangxi and fled to Taiwan.
(Bai Chongxi refused to revolt and later fled to Taiwan.)
"As long as I am alive, I will certainly be able to lead the uprising under the leadership of the party."
From the second half of 1948, the People's Liberation Army entered the stage of strategic offensive, and the Kuomintang army was repeatedly defeated. Chiang Kai-shek instructed Lin Wei, deputy chief of staff of the Ministry of National Defense, to establish 30 new armies south of the Yangtze River to fill the huge attritions in the northern battlefield. The New Army urgently needed a group of junior officers, and Lin Wei found Jia Yibin, acting director of the Major General of the Reserve Cadres Administration of the Ministry of National Defense: "The problem of the source of soldiers can be solved by means of recruitment, that is, there is a lack of subordinate cadres, how many cadres can you gather in the Preparatory Cadre Bureau?" Jia Yibin quickly took over the task: "The demobilized youth army is partially scattered in four youth middle schools in Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Chongqing and Hanzhong, and it is not a problem to gather 10,000 people. ”
Jia Yibin, a close cadre who was hand-picked by Chiang Ching-kuo, once had hopes for Xiao Jiang, "If all the officials in the Kuomintang could be like him, perhaps they would not have brought the country into such a situation." However, in the autumn of 1948, chiang ching-kuo's anti-corruption campaign in Shanghai was seriously interfered with by the Kong and Song families, and eventually had to come to an end. Jia Yibin thoroughly saw through the dark inside story of the politics of the giants, and from then on was determined to break with the "Chiang Family Dynasty" and find a new path.
(In April 1989, Jia Yibin revisited the old site of the Wuzhen Uprising)
Isn't the formation of a "pre-working corps" waiting for an opportunity to innovate? Through a good friend, Duan Boyu, a senior staff officer of the Military Affairs Bureau (an underground member of the CPC), turned around and ran, and Zhang Zhiyi, secretary of the Countermeasures Committee of the Shanghai Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, designated a special person to be responsible for docking. Because the backbone of the uprising was mixed with traitors, the news of the instability of the pre-cadre corps soon went away, and the Ministry of National Defense ordered That Jia Yibin be relieved of his duties and that the team be handed over to deputy commander Li Tianduo. The change was sudden, the counter-rebellion committee fell into contemplation, and Jia Yibin was determined to be unwavering: "As long as I am alive, I will certainly be able to lead this unit to revolt under the leadership of the party. ”
On April 7, 1949, more than 3,000 officers and men of the Pre-Cadre Corps left Jiaxing, where they were stationed, and in the face of the dangerous situation surrounded by strong enemies, the rebel soldiers broke through the encirclement of Wuzhen, some of them were sacrificed and captured, some of them were lost and scattered, and Jia Yibin went through all kinds of hardships to reach the location of the CPC's Jiangsu-Zhejiang-Anhui Border Region located in Ningguo County, Anhui Province. In August 1957, Jia Yibin became a member of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Party, and in his later years, he recalled that his life could be clearly divided into the first half of his life in old China and the second half of his life in new China. In the second half of his life, he followed the Socialist Road with the Communist Party of China without complaint or regret, and no matter how the wind and waves blew, he never had the slightest political wavering, and the original intention of the uprising was written.
(Jia Yibin's memoirs "Half a Life of Wind and Rain")
Cheng Ren took righteousness, "Why should the revolution ask about death and life, and make the country more glorious?"
On March 3, 1949, Jiangnan was supposed to be a day when grass grew and warblers flew, but a news item in the Kuomintang's "Central Daily" was chilling, "Wang Baozhen, the main criminal in the Beijing-Shanghai conspiracy riot case, was arrested in Shanghai, and Wu Rong, a co-offender, was also arrested, and the Yu Dang was pursuing him." When the news came, Li Jishen immediately entrusted the people with a letter to convey to Li Zongren, acting president of the Nanjing Government: "When brother De's neighbors vigorously advocated the peaceful settlement of state affairs and the release of political prisoners to win the trust of the people, there was still such an act that violated the will of the people. ”
At the beginning of its establishment, the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee attached great importance to the work of military insurgency, and secretly set up a military group at the second plenary session of the Central Executive Supervision Commission, with Li Jishen concurrently serving as the leader of the group, and its members included Feng Yuxiang, Long Yun, Cai Tingkai, Tan Pingshan, Yang Jie, Wang Baozhen, Zhu Yunshan, Mei Gongbin, and others. In June 1948, Wang Baozhen went to Shanghai as a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee and a military commissioner of central China to preside over the counter-offensive activities, and he took advantage of his extensive contacts to actively contact the upper echelons of the Kuomintang democrats, and soon established the shanghai and Nanjing underground Kuomintang Revolutionary Organizations, absorbing a number of members including Wu Rong, chief of the Tian Fu Section of the Shanghai Municipal Finance Bureau, and mastering the armed forces of more than 5,000 people in the 7th Regiment of the Gendarmerie.
(Li Jishen, Feng Yuxiang, and Wang Baozhen signed the revolutionary agreement)
In January 1949, Chiang Kai-shek telegraphed the wilderness, and the team led by Wang Baozhen planned the Beijing-Shanghai riots, tried to control the airfield, occupied the station docks, instigated the Uprising of the Kuomintang military and police stationed in Nanjing, detained Li Zongren, He Yingqin and other military and political leaders, and then assisted in the establishment of the People's Liberation Committee under the leadership of the ccp's underground organization. Unfortunately, the Plan of the Beijing-Shanghai Riot was detected by Kuomintang agents, and more than 20 members of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee were imprisoned.
In prison, the 70-year-old Wang Baozhen gritted his teeth, fainted from several tortures, and woke up with awe-inspiring righteousness: "Regarding military issues, only I know about it, and it has nothing to do with others." Meng Shiheng, chairman of the Nanjing Revolutionary Committee, and members Wu Shiwen and Xiao Jiankui bravely took the initiative. Under pressure from all sides, the Nanjing authorities sentenced Wang Baozhen to death, but suspended his execution. On May 27, when Shanghai was liberated, Wang Baozhen was released from prison under the greeting of Zhu Yunshan, a representative of the People's Liberation Army and the head of the Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee, dragging his weak body, and he said with emotion: "Without the arrival of the Communist Party and the People's Liberation Army, I would have been destined to return to the Western Heavens long ago, and in the future, under the leadership of the Communist Party, I will work together to complete the great revolutionary cause." ”
It is the countless ancestors who have composed a revolutionary hymn with their blood and lives, "For those who have sacrificed more ambitions, dare to teach the sun and the moon for a new heaven!" ”
bibliography:
1. Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, ed., The Predecessors of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang and New China, Unity Publishing House, 2019 edition.
2. Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, ed., The Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang and the Establishment of New China, Unity Publishing House, 2019.
3. "Wang Baozhen's Collected Writings", Unity Publishing House, 1992.
4. "Half a Life: Jia Yibin's Self-Description", Unity Publishing House, 1996.
5. "Wu Huawen Uprising Materials", Shandong People's Publishing House, 1988.