Fuzhou, Fujian is an important town of modern lacquer art in China, and Fuzhou lacquerware is called the Three Treasures of Traditional Chinese Craftsmanship together with Beijing Cloisonné and Jiangxi Jingdezhen Porcelain.
The "birth of the birth" of the lacquerware means "to remove the tire quality, empty cloth tire".
The recognized founder of this craft is Shen Shaoan, a lacquerware artist of the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty.
Silver lacquer painted landscape figure plum bottle Shen Shao AnLan ji
Inspired by the ancient "clamping vessel", the Shen Shao'an family has fully restored the "clipping" technique after continuous attempts, and innovated in some techniques and materials, changing the lacquerware wooden tire to a detached lacquerware, forming a Fuzhou lacquerware.
The process is to use dirt, plaster, wood mold, etc. as the product of the blank tire, and then use the summer cloth (linen) or silk cloth and raw paint layer by layer mounting on the billet tire, after the shade is dried, crush or take off the original tire, leaving the lacquer cloth shape, and then after the ash, sanding, paint grinding, applied a variety of decorative patterns to complete the finisher.
In the decoration technique, there are mainly black push light, color push light, thin color material, color paint halo gold, vermilion paint depiction gold, inlaid silver color, inlaid screw tungsten, antique bronze, brocade and so on.
Lacquer art making process
Its products can be roughly divided into bottles, boxes, pots and other living utensils and characters, ornaments and other art appreciations, the overall light and gorgeous, beautiful and generous, durable, not afraid of flooding, no deformation, no fading, strong, temperature-resistant, acid and alkali corrosion resistance.
Shen Shao'an's descendants inherited and developed the ancestral lacquer painting technique, and the famous family has become a famous lacquerware family.
In addition to the Shen family, modern Fuzhou is engaged in the production of lacquerware, with Li Zhiqing and Gao Xiuquan being the most famous.
Gao Xiuquan
GAO XIU QUAN
Gao Xiuquan, a native of Fuzhou, born in 1889 and died in 1963, is a famous lacquer master in modern times.
At the age of 13, he studied with Fuzhou folk calligraphy and painting artists Chen Qinfu and Lin Zhentong to learn Danqing ink painting and laid a foundation in painting; at the age of 20, he was introduced to the "Shen Shao An Gong Ji Lacquerware" shop as a lacquer painter, specializing in lacquerware ornament painting work, proficient in lacquer art techniques; more than 10 years later, he practiced at home, processing orders for Shen Shao AnLan Ji, Shen Shao An Gong Ji and other shop numbers.
At the age of 52, he opened his own Guoguang Quanji lacquerware shop. After years of painstaking research, Gao Xiuquan has made achievements and innovations in wood carving lacquerware, cotton printing lacquerware, Taiwan flower lacquerware, design and modeling. In the lacquerware ornamentation, he created the plum branch's piling lacquer technique (also known as the "bullet method"), the gold and silver lacquer technique (also known as the "bran silver method"), the painting of water birds and dried grass, etc.
The use of these techniques makes Fuzhou's lacquerware different and charming. Gao Xiuquan has also trained many outstanding lacquer artists for the lacquer art community in Fuzhou, among which the famous ones are Lin Lianglang, Lin Ganbin, Huang Shizhong, Wu Shouduan and so on.
Gao Xiuquan has a deep relationship with the Fujian Museum.
In 1954, the Fujian Provincial Museum (now the Fujian Museum) was initially built, and in order to enrich the collection and display, the Fujian Provincial Bureau of Culture commissioned Gao Xiuquan to create a new lacquerware masterpiece.
Therefore, Gao Xiuquan organized and led the West Lake group, personally carefully designed and supervised the manufacture of ten large vases and tea trays, and introduced new ideas from the traditional lacquerware and Shen Shaoan lacquerware models.
This time, we appreciate three of these exquisite items.
One
Carved lacquer light green space depicting the golden landscape flat bottle
This carved lacquered light green landscape depicts a golden landscape flat bottle, with a length of 29.2 cm, a width of 21.5 cm, a height of 45.5 cm, a straight mouth, a flat abdomen, oval feet, a green bottle body, decorated with brocade, a golden floral pattern and a ruyi cloud pattern on the neck, a symmetrical shoulder attached to the shop head (traditional architectural door ornament containing the meaning of exorcism), the front and back of the bottle body on both sides of the figure open light reflected on the green ground, painted with gold landscape pavilion pattern.
The oval foot of the bottle is decorated with gold tangle floral patterns and ruyi clouds on both sides. Base double deck, bronze, cutout pattern. The whole piece is lined with gold on a green background, which is gorgeous and elegant.
Two
Carved lacquered gold brocade large unity pattern out of the vase
This carved lacquered gold brocade large unity vase, with a diameter of 21.9 cm, a belly diameter of 31 cm, and a height of 64.5 cm. The whole body of the bottle is square, decorated with brocade patterns, the mouth is slightly outward, the neck is straight downwards, and the abdomen is bulging.
On the neck, there is a relief of Tiananmen Square, and the abdomen is decorated with a relief of people of all ethnic groups singing and dancing. The intricate pattern, coupled with the simple tone of all gold, makes the whole work present a dynamic and still, magnificent effect.
Later, because of another work, Gao Xiuquan's superb lacquer art level was recognized by General Ye Fei, and he was designated to go to Beijing to attend the 10th National Day ceremony in 1959, which was a perfect match for this work.
Three
Scarlet sunflower pattern lacquer bottle
This scarlet sunflower pattern lacquer bottle, caliber 18.3 cm, abdominal diameter 25 cm, height 53.8 cm, bottle body color full, smooth lines. The base is bronze with a cutout pattern. Overall plain and generous.
Lacquerware vases are mainly in the form of plum and willow. Gao Xiuquan absorbed ancient and modern plastic arts and created many novel vase types, such as this sunflower vase.
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The domestic unified issue number | CN35-0042
New Media Editor-in-Charge | Wang Mingquan
Editor-in-Chief of New Media | Zou Lu