Author: Stay at home to see the world
Intangible cultural heritage is the soul of a famous ethnic group in a country, and the intangible cultural heritage that records the important characteristics of human social production and lifestyle, customs and human feelings, cultural concepts and other important characteristics contains the core factors such as cultural genes, spiritual characteristics, values, psychological structure, temperament and emotions of all ethnic groups in the world, and is a common precious wealth of all mankind. The Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity refers to the items of heritage inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity as determined by UNESCO. China has many intangible cultural heritages that have been handed down for a long time, and today we will list the top ten intangible cultural heritages of China for everyone to feast their eyes on.
NO10. Shadow puppetry
Shadow puppetry is an ancient traditional Chinese folk art, and the old Beijingers call it "donkey shadow puppet". Formerly known as "shadow play" or "light and shadow play", it is a kind of folk drama in which a light source such as candles or burning alcohol illuminates the silhouettes of characters made of animal skins or cardboard to perform stories. During the performance, the artists manipulate opera characters behind a white curtain while singing stories (sometimes in dialect) to popular local tunes, accompanied by percussion instruments and strings, which has a strong local atmosphere. In the rural areas of Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu And other places, this humble Han folk art form is very popular. In 2011, Chinese shadow puppetry was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
NO9. Chinese paper-cutting
Chinese paper-cutting is a kind of folk art that uses scissors or carving knives to cut patterns on paper to decorate life or cooperate with other folk activities. In China, paper-cutting has a broad mass base, blends into the social life of people of all ethnic groups, and is an important part of various folk activities. Its inherited visual image and modeling format contain rich cultural and historical information, express the social cognition, moral concepts, practical experience, life ideals and aesthetic tastes of the general public, and have multiple social values such as cognition, indoctrination, ideography, lyricism, entertainment, and interaction. In 2009, Chinese paper-cutting was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.8 Guqin art
The guqin is the oldest and purest traditional instrument. With a long history of more than 3,000 years, guqin music is an important part of Chinese music and the representative of traditional Chinese music culture. In ancient times, it was called "Qin", as well as "Silk Tong", "Yao Qin" and other other names. Although the legends of "Fuxi Making Qin", "Shennong Making Qin", and "Shunzuo Five-Stringed Qin" are not credible, its history is indeed quite long. In 2008, guqin art was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.7 Abacus
Abacus is a method of numerical calculation using the abacus as a tool, and is known as the fifth largest invention in China. The abacus is a simple calculation tool invented by the working people in ancient China. The term "abacus" was first found in the Han Dynasty Xu Yue's "Notes on Mathematics", which has clouds: "Abacus, holding four times, longitude and latitude three talents". In 2013, it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.6 Twenty-four solar terms
The twenty-four solar terms are an important part of the long history and culture of the Chinese nation and embody the historical and cultural essence of Chinese civilization. The "twenty-four solar terms" and "December construction" are the basic contents of the dry branch calendar, which were established in ancient times (or ancient times). In ancient texts, the name of the emperor's clan was the first to make a dry branch, in order to determine the location of the age. The "twenty-four solar terms" are specific seasons in the dry calendar that indicate seasons, phenology, climate change, and the establishment of "December Construction". The Big Dipper rotates cyclically, and this bucket turns to the stars, which is closely related to the change of seasons. In 2016, it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.5 Chinese acupuncture
Acupuncture is a general term for acupuncture and moxibustion. Acupuncture refers to the needle (usually refers to the millineele) into the patient's body at a certain angle under the guidance of the theory of Traditional Chinese medicine, and the use of acupuncture techniques such as twisting and lifting to stimulate specific parts of the human body to achieve the purpose of treating diseases. The point of penetration is called the human acupuncture point, referred to as the acupuncture point. According to the latest acupuncture textbooks, there are 361 acupuncture points in the human body. Moxibustion is to burn and iron on a certain acupuncture point on the surface of the body by prefabricated moxibustion or moxibustion herb, and uses heat stimulation to prevent and treat diseases. Usually wormwood is the most commonly used, so it is called moxibustion, and there are also methods such as septal moxibustion, wicker moxibustion, wick moxibustion, mulberry moxibustion and so on. Nowadays, people often use moxa moxibustion in their lives. Acupuncture is a unique Chinese means of treating diseases. It is a kind of medical technique that "treats internal diseases and external treatment". It is through the conduction of meridians and acupuncture points, as well as the application of certain operation methods, to treat systemic diseases. In 2011, it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.4 Chinese calligraphy
Chinese calligraphy is an ancient Chinese character writing art, from the oracle bone, stone drum script, Jin script (Zhong Dingwen) evolved into the big seal, small seal, Lishu, to the Eastern Han, Wei, Jin cursive, calligraphy, calligraphy, etc., calligraphy has always exuded the charm of art. Chinese calligraphy is a very unique visual art, Chinese characters are an important factor in Chinese calligraphy, because Chinese calligraphy is produced and developed in Chinese culture, and Chinese characters are one of the basic elements of Chinese culture. Relying on Chinese characters, it is the main symbol that distinguishes Chinese calligraphy from other types of calligraphy. In 2009, it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.3 Peking Opera
Peking Opera, once known as Ping opera, is also known as random bombing and Chinese opera. China's well-known opera drama, one of the five major chinese opera dramas, the scene layout pays attention to freehand, the tone is mainly Xipi and Erhuang, which is regarded as the essence of China's national essence, and the "top of the list" of Chinese opera. The art of Peking Opera is broad and profound, and the literary and martial arts are beautiful. Peking Opera has traveled all over the world, with Beijing as the center and all over China, becoming an important medium for introducing and disseminating traditional Chinese art and culture. On November 16, 2010, Peking Opera was inscribed on the Representative List of The World Intangible Cultural Heritage.
No.2 Movable type printing
Movable type printing was invented by Chinese people as early as the Northern Song Dynasty in the 11th century. As one of the "four great inventions" of ancient China, printing technology has had a major impact on the process of world civilization and the development of human culture. The invention of movable type printing was a great technological revolution in the history of printing, a printing method that replaced traditional copying or printed plates that could not be reused by using movable metal or clay blocks. The method of movable type printing is to first make a single word of the Yang negative text mold, and then select the words according to the manuscript, arrange them in the word plate, ink and print, and then remove the font mold after printing, and leave it for use again in the next typesetting. Northern Song Dynasty (1041-1048) China's Bi Sheng (?) -c. 1051) invention of clay movable type logo movable type printing was born. In 2010, it was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
No.1 The Great Wall
The Great Wall, also known as the Great Wall, is an ancient Chinese military defense project, a tall, strong and continuous long wall to limit the movement of enemy horses. The Great Wall is not a simple isolated city wall, but a defensive system with the city wall as the main body and a large number of cities, barriers, pavilions, and standards. The history of the construction of the Great Wall can be traced back to the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the famous allusion "Beacon Theatre Princes" that took place in the capital Hojing (present-day Xi'an, Shaanxi) originated from this. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the nations competed for hegemony and defended each other, and the construction of the Great Wall entered the first climax, but the length of the construction at this time was relatively short. After Qin destroyed the Six Kingdoms and unified the world, Qin Shi Huang connected and repaired the Warring States Great Wall, which was first known as the Great Wall of Ten Thousand Miles. The Ming Dynasty was the last dynasty to build a great wall, and most of the Great Wall seen today was built at this time. The resources of the Great Wall are mainly distributed in 15 provinces, autonomous regions and cities such as Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang. Among them, the length of Hebei Province is more than 2000 kilometers, and the length of Shaanxi Province is 1838 kilometers. According to the results of the national Survey of Great Wall Resources of the Department of Cultural Relics and Surveying and Mapping, the total length of the Ming Great Wall is 8851.8 kilometers, and the Qin and Han Dynasties and early Great Wall is more than 10,000 kilometers, with a total length of more than 21,000 kilometers.
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