Since ancient Lingnan, Lingnan has been regarded as an insurmountable place by the Central Plains people. In the vast mountainous areas bordering today's Guangxi and Hunan, although there are also low valleys and hidden holes between the mountains, the road is steep and long, and it is rarely visited. This ancient isolation and isolation was not changed until 214 BC, when a man named Lu arrived.
Today, the area bordering Xianggui is very extensive, and 9 counties (districts) in Guangxi and Hunan are connected to each other.
Ye Guichen, director of the Guilin Institute of Aerospace Industry and the Guibei Local Culture Research Institute: Among these 18 bordering counties, the flow of people, logistics, and information flow channels that have been naturally formed and formed by manual intervention for thousands of years is what we call the Xianggui Ancient Road.
In the pre-Qin period, a real avenue had not yet been formed between Xianggui and Xianggui. Most of the long-distance transportation of the ancients relied on waterways, and the Xiangshui and Lishui between Xianggui and Guizhou almost passed each other in today's Xing'an County, Guangxi, but they were not connected. In 214 BC, Qin Shi Huang sent an army to Nanding Baiyue, where the army was repeatedly frustrated and unable to advance, so he sent people to dig a canal to communicate with Xiangli, the Ling Canal. The man who was entrusted with a heavy responsibility, Shi Zhi called him Shi Lu. In fact, he is not surnamed Shi, he is just an ordinary inspector who is responsible for transporting military supplies and digging canals.
However, because of the excavation of the spiritual canal, Shi Lu surpassed many princes and generals, and left a praise mark in history. For the Xiangli Ancient Trail, this is tantamount to a milestone from zero to one.
Professor and doctoral supervisor of the Guixue Research Institute of Guangxi Normal University Mo Daocai: After the waterway is communicated, it is our entire Lingnan region that is connected with the Central Plains, so after being connected together, in fact, it also has a market demand, and many things in the Central Plains can be transported over, in a sense, it has led to the development of a productive force in Guangxi.
The Qin people built roads, and the earliest purpose was military operations. With the later destruction of the State of South Vietnam by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Lingnan was unified and its ties with the Central Plains became increasingly close. The imperial court realized that in order to effectively rule this territory, it was necessary to build roads first.
Ye Guichen, director of the Guibei Institute of Local Culture of Guilin Aerospace Industry Institute: In the process of building the Lingqu, Shi Lu also built a Parallel Qinyi Road. Later, during the han zhangdi period, it was Zheng Hong who opened two ancient roads, one was the Guiyang Dao, and the other was the Lingling Dao.
After the Qin and Han Dynasties, the main traffic routes between Xianggui and Xianggui have basically taken shape. Some scholars believe that the ancient road known in the history books as lingling road was about 230 kilometers from the present-day yongzhou urban area of Hunan (Lingling district) through Quanzhou and Xing'an in Guangxi and into Lingchuan. Central Plains people entering Guangxi usually pass through this road.
Professor of the College of Literature of Guangxi Normal University and doctoral supervisor Mo Daocai: After the Tang Dynasty, some disparaging officials in the imperial court often came from this road, and the "Notes on the Water Classics" we see now basically record this waterway in great detail, which shows that people had a lot of needs for this waterway during this period
Beginning with the Southern Dynasty Song Yanyanzhi (384-456) as the Taishou of Shi'an (present-day Guilin), many officials who were high-ranking and upright throughout the qing dynasty and angered by power and traitors were degraded or excluded to Guangxi. Liu Zongyuan, Chu Suiliang, Song Zhiqing, Li Shangyin, Huang Tingjian and others all walked through the Xiangli Ancient Road with great emotion and came to the border of southern Xinjiang, far from the homeland of the Central Plains.
Ye Guichen, director of the Guilin Institute of Aerospace Industry and The Institute of Local Culture in Northern Guibei: This is the most famous fan Chengda of the Song Dynasty, who served as the governor of Guangxi and Jingjiang, and left two works in Guilin, the first work is "LuanLuo", and the second book is "Guihai Yu Hengzhi".
In January of the ninth year of the Southern Song Dynasty (1173), Fan Chengda set out from his hometown of Suzhou, passed through Zhejiang, Jiangxi, hunan, and crossed Jeonju to embark on the Xiangli Ancient Road. The "Record of the Luan" written by him recorded this journey in the form of a diary, leaving valuable information for the historical features of the Xiangli Ancient Road. The text contains both a complaint about the "rough path" of the previous journey, as well as a praise for the "clear and beautiful environment" near the Xiangshan Temple in Jeonju. Especially after entering the Guilin boundary, "Pingye opened up", the wide ancient road was lined with tall maple trees and willows, and the strange peaks and beautiful waters on the road made Fan Chengda and his party sigh.
Mo Daocai, professor and doctoral supervisor of the Guixue Research Institute of Guangxi Normal University: Inside the Xiangshan Temple, a Vietnamese envoy left a poem when he came here, called Yan Exercise, to pay tribute or communicate with the Dynasty of the Central Plains, also through this road.
Open the map of today's Jeonju, Xing'an, Lingchuan and other counties, and you can see that many place names along the ancient road are named after "Tang" or "Pu". This is the management agency set up by successive governments to manage the traffic lifeline of the Xiangli Ancient Road. The one who manages the land road is called "shop" and the one who manages the waterway is called "pond". Located in Lingchuan County, the ancient town of Sanjie coexists by waterway and land, which is a must-pass throat on the ancient road. Lingchuan, since the early Tang Dynasty established the county, for more than 1,300 years, the three streets town is the county seat, the ancient yidao once passed through the city gate of the three streets town in a north-south direction.
Li Yongqiang, director of the cultural station of Sanjie Town, Lingchuan County, Guangxi: Here is the Gunanmen Gate, above, originally above the gatehouse, this is a main road, the main road into the county, the main road by land, from here into, next to a moat
The ancient town once had five gates in history, and now only three remain in the south gate, dongsheng gate and gongbei gate. The East Gate was named "Dongsheng" to commemorate the victory of the county school instructor Lu Han and the villagers who bravely killed thieves in the east. The Xihua Gate, which was demolished during the construction of the Guiquan Highway in 1927, was to commemorate the arrival of Zeng Duo of Zhixian County in the seventh year of Ming Shun (1463), and every fifteenth month, the villagers of the Yao villages in the six yao villages in the west were convened to open a discussion. Under the efforts of this Zhixian who is good at doing ethnic ideological work, the ethnic groups around the ancient road have been harmonious for several years, and the people have lived and worked in peace and contentment.
Ye Guichen, director of the Institute of Local Culture Protection and Inheritance in Northern Guibei: In ancient China, salt and iron were very important strategic materials, so the salt that Hunan generally ate at that time came from the two rivers (Jiangnan and Jiangxi Provinces), and there was also Guangdong salt from Guangdong, so if The salt of Guangdong wanted to enter Hunan, it would go through the waterway to Wuzhou, and then through the Li River waterway, through the Lingqu to reach hunan territory.
Commerce between Xianggui and Guizhou became increasingly prosperous, and the spiritual canals built in the Qin Dynasty were lock-type canals, which gradually fell into disrepair and water transportation was not smooth. According to literature, merchant ships often had to wait for a month to pass through the gate of the Lingqu. Especially in the Ming and Qing dynasties, when merchants were busy, the local government had to organize the re-opening of the land trade routes from Shonan to Jeonju, Xing'an, March Ridge (Changgangling), Xiongcun, and Daxu near the waterway. The branch line of this Xiangli Ancient Road is commonly known as the Yanma Shang Road to solve the bottleneck problem of water transportation in the Lingqu Canal. The villages built on the trade routes began to prosper for hundreds of years. Changgangling Village in Lingtian Town is a typical example of this. Changgangling Village was founded in the Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties, located in the throat of the March Ridge Ancient Road of Ocean Mountain, known as Yaoshan Ridge in ancient times, and was an important station of the Shangdao in that year.
Ye Guichen, director of the Guilin Institute of Aerospace Industry and Guibei Local Culture Research Institute: This pavilion is called Wuli Pavilion, which is the starting point of the Marchling Ancient Road in Lingtian Town, Lingchuan County, leading north to Xing'an Gaoshang (town).
There are still two road pavilions on the March Ridge Ancient Road, Taibai Pavilion and Wuli Pavilion, which were built by the rich man Mo Chongjiu Shishan in the late Qing Dynasty, for people who passed the March Ridge Ancient Commercial Road to rest and cool off from the rain, and also placed free tea. In the village where Mo Chongjiu once lived, a large number of ancient buildings such as the Weishou Vice Mansion, the Beiqidi, the Chen Family, and the Mo Family Compound are still relatively well preserved, and the layout is "oxbow-shaped" according to the terrain. These ancient buildings are elegant and imposing, and it can be seen that the materials are full of materials and the craftsmanship of the craftsmen is exquisite. Apparently, The TradeWay brought great wealth to the owners of the houses at that time.
Chen Hong, village secretary of Changgangling Village: There is a stone water tank here (originally) with a length of that end, which can hold sixty cartons of water, and then my grandfather took it, and at that time (he) was the production team leader, and for the development of the production team, he took it to the drainage channel of the reservoir, which was the remaining fragment.
Along the Xiangli Ancient Road, houses with emblem-style and Shonan architectural styles like this abound. Many families open their genealogies, which can be traced back to Hunan, Jiangxi, and even further afield in Shandong. They lived and multiplied in groups, forming several major surnames in the village.
Mo Tianyuan, the old village chief of Changgangling Village: My surname is Mo, and our ancestors came from Shandong. Several ancestors raised funds to build together (ancestral halls), where they discussed matters, handled large and small affairs, and in the winter and autumn, they called out to those literati rioters to come, (listen) to sing operas, and spend time, singing for half a month.
During the three large-scale waves of migration in Chinese history, a large number of people from the Central Plains and Xiangchu entered Lingnan via the Xiangli Ancient Road. People who come from afar have retained the exquisite aesthetics of their hometown, and eventually, they have also integrated into the green mountains and rivers of the Eight Gui Land, becoming part of the inheritance of folk culture. Central Plains culture, Xiangchu culture, Sanmiao culture and Baiyue culture have formed a collision and integration in the Xianggui Corridor, and the charm of the Xiangli Ancient Road has attracted more and more experts and scholars to invest in research. Modern social economy is developing, with the opening of highways and railways, most of the ancient roads have been covered by modern roads, and the cultural relics and relics on the ancient roads are also facing a new turn of fate.
This Saturday (November 20) at 21:20
Guangxi Satellite TV broadcast "Guangxi Story • Xiangli Ancient Road Under the Mountains"
Guangxi Radio and Television Station
Broadcast channel Broadcast time
Guangxi Satellite TV Every Saturday at 21:20
Guangxi Variety Tourism Every Wednesday at 21:50
Guangxi International The following Saturday at 21:15
Guangxi Network Radio and Television Station broadcasts simultaneously and watches on demand
Editor| Mo Jiexin
Responsible editor 丨 Qing Lin Qiang