Southern Song Dynasty Zhao Shixiu's "Guest" poem Yun:
In the yellow plum season, the family rains, and the grass pond is full of frogs.
There is about no night and a half, idle knocking chess pieces to drop the lights and flowers.
This is probably the most popular poem about playing chess. The poet's elegant feelings are actually very easy to appreciate, but people often feel "inevitably restless" because of the description of "there is no need to spend the night and a half" - such a feeling is probably similar to the "three lacks and one" experience of Ma friends. However, the poetry eye of Zhao Shixiu's poem lies in the word "idle", which is a kind of leisure, can watch the lights falling, can listen to the crisp sound of chess pieces, of course, this is not a manifestation of anxiety, but the elegance and height of the literati.
Moreover, from the feelings of seclusion and high elegance, as well as the characteristics of the combination of rain, chess and lamp, the poetic source of Zhao Shixiu's "Yo ke" can be traced back to a famous five-character poem by Du Mu in the Tang Dynasty. Du Mu's poem "Xu Qishi Imperial Abandoned Official Dong Gui Xiao Jiang Nan Quite Heard Of The High Autumn Aspiration Inscription Poem Sent Ten Rhymes" said:
Tianzi embroidered the clothes official, and Eastern Wumei retired.
There are gardens with Yu faith, avoidance and learning.
Lan Qi is sunny and tender, and the green shadow of The Creek is sparse.
After the ninth autumn of the Jiangshan Mountains, the wind and moon are more than six dynasties.
Jin Shuai opened the poetry scroll, and the Green Capsule knotted the Tao Book.
Frost rock red coix, dew swamp white hibiscus.
The sleeping rain is high and dense, and the chess lamp is small.
Frozen mash yuan bright straw, cold salmon season eagle fish.
Dust is lost in the past, and the cloud is soothing.
In the middle of the snow, Yang Xian visited Wulu (Yuyixing County, near the water pavilion).
This is a poem written to the friends who have resigned from the official and returned to the retreat, beautifying the friend's retreat life to a very poetic and picturesque, using Yu Xin and Sima Xiangrulai to praise the friends, and also quoting Tao Yuanming (Zi Yuanliang) who is addicted to alcohol and retreat, and Zhang Han (zi Jiying) "Autumn Wind Perch" allusion to praise "Xu Qi's Attendants" for living in seclusion and living in peace and quiet. It is also written that "the sleeping rain is high and dense, and the chess lamp is small", Zhao Shixiu is longer than the five-word poem, and Du Mu's article should be familiar to him. At the end of This poem, Du Mu uses the allusion of "Snow in the Snow", which is from the "World Speaks New Language, Ren Birthday": "The prince lives in Shanyin, and there is heavy snow at night." Sleep, open the room, drink wine. Looking around, because of the wandering, Yong Zuosi "Hidden Poems". Suddenly remembered Diane Road. When worn in the sword, even if it is taken by boat at night. After passing through the house, the door is not returned. When the people asked him why, wang yue said, 'I have traveled with pleasure and returned with all my pleasure, so why should I see Dai?' This kind of high sentiment is precisely the central idea that this poem wants to express, that is, Du Mu is to show that he knows and misses his friends from the height of his life ambition, and is very understandable, this is the friendship of Yangchun White Snow, Qu Gao and Widow, which is not enough for outsiders.
Therefore, back to the feelings of Zhao Shixiu's "Yo-Ke" poetry to talk about, the sound of rain frogs and chess pieces, the sound of the sound into the ears, the yo-yo is not poetic, how to reduce the friendship - not to mention that this rainy night is too similar to the prince's snowy night on the Mountain. Understood from this point of view, the literary little fresh words, "You go, I will not send you; you come, no matter how windy and rainy, I will go to pick you up." "It's really knowing each other.
The sage Confucius also talked about playing chess, which can be found in the Analects of Yang Goods:
Zi Yue: "Eat all day long, have no intention, it is difficult!" No gamers? For this, it is still wise. ”
Confucius probably said, "After eating all day, you don't have to think about anything, so it's very difficult!" Aren't there also games like rolling dice and playing chess? Doing all this is better than doing nothing. ”
Image source: Xinhua Net
And Yasheng Mencius inadvertently recorded the first chess master in history, "Yi Qiu". "Mencius Zhizi Shang" has a saying: "Yi Qiu, the good player of the country is also." Let Yi Qiu teach the two of them to play, and one of them concentrates on his heart, but Yi Qiu listens; although one listens, he thinks that there is a great bird coming, and thinks of helping the bow and shoots it. Although they have learned from it, they are all the same. Is it its wisdom to be with? A: 'Not really.' Here, Teacher Mencius is talking about the importance of "concentration", but he is using "Yiqiu Zhiyi" as an example to argue that Yiqiu is "a good player who knows the country" and plays chess best in the country. In fact, the name of "Yiqiu" means "the 'Autumn' who can play chess", "Qiu" is the original name of this person, because he is too famous for playing chess, it is directly titled "Yi", "Yi" is the meaning of "playing chess". Judging from the fact that he received disciples and passed on the game, then Yi Qiudang was the first professional chess player in the profession who was recorded in literature.
However, the "chess" played by these "chess" mentioned above is obviously not the same thing as we know today's Chinese chess, Go, etc., and Confucius's "game" may refer to ancient board games such as "Six Bo Chess" and "Fan Pu". At present, the Luoyang Longmen Museum has a sculpture of the "Six Bo Plays", a precious cultural relic of the Han Dynasty, "the chess player sits on his knees, his expression is focused, and the expression of the two people is vivid; the spectators sit casually and are full of interest." Such a vivid cultural relic immediately reminds people of the legend of "Rotten Ke".
Image source: The Paper
Southern Dynasty Liang Dynasty Ren Fang's "ShuYi Ji" Yun: "ShimuShan, Xin'an County, the king of the Jin Dynasty cut wood to. See the boy count people, chess and song. Quality is because of listening. The boy takes a substance and a substance, such as a jujube kernel, and contains it, and does not feel hungry. Oh, the boy said, 'Why don't you go?' 'Quality rises, and the axe is rotten, and there is no return, and there is no time for man. "This story roughly says that the king of the Jin Dynasty cut firewood, went to Shimu Mountain in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, and saw several children playing chess and singing. Wang Qian went to the near side to listen to the song and watch the chess. The boy gave the hostage something like a jujube core, and the hostage swallowed it without feeling hungry. As if only a moment later, the boy said to him, "Why haven't you left yet?" The hostage got up and left, and he saw that the handle of his axe had completely decayed. By the time he returned home, his contemporaries had died. Although it is a story of encountering immortals, it is really "a game of chess in the mountains, and the world has been transformed".
The story of "Rotten Ke" had a great influence, and later "Shinan Gun Stone Room Mountain" was simply renamed "Rotten Ke Mountain". In the Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi, Xie Xun, Li Youqing, Yang Tao, Liu Jiong, Xue Rong, Li Shen, and so on all wrote poems about Rotten Keshan. Xue Rong's poem "You Rotten Keshan" has a saying: "Do not send hands to talk, and have no intention of leading the tree." A pill is given, and the poor years are even poor. Li Shen's poem "You Rotten Keshan" has clouds: "Yu Ke has no name, but he smells it." Line to see the negative salary, sit to make Kuwata change. ”
Image source: Xinhua News Agency
And rethinking the mythical story of "Rotten Ke" from the perspective of pursuing the truth, the immortal's chess game is very fascinating, and it seems that it does not need a special learning process to understand, so that those who come to chop wood can immerse themselves in it. Moreover, from the description, "Russia" means "going", and this chess piece should also be able to be completed in a relatively short period of time. Therefore, such immortals play chess, it seems that it will not be a difficult to master, time-consuming Go, perhaps the possibility of "playing chess" is greater. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Shangyin wrote a poem "Untitled" that was the most popular "playing chess" in the Tang Dynasty. Li Shangyin's "Untitled" poem was obviously written to a beautiful woman:
According to the beam at the beginning of the affection, out of the water old well-known. The skirt hibiscus is small, and the emerald is light.
The long book is solemn, and the eyebrows are thin and hateful. Mo is close to playing chess, and the center is the most uneven.
This woman has the appearance of a lotus flower and has a tenderness like water. But her sincere Jinshu is full of sorrows, her eyebrows are locked, and her mind is like the chess game we once played together, which is always difficult to calm down. The center of the Tang Dynasty chess game was the "most uneven", which is true. Liu Zongyuan's "Sequence of Playing Chess" has a saying: "Get the wooden game, long in it and regulate, and the bottom is straight." There are four out of twenty chess, half noble, half untouchable... Use Zhu Mo to be different. The "longzhong" here means that the center of the chess game is uplifted, so Li Shangyin's poetry uses this "unevenness" to imitate the sad daughter's heart and sentimentality.
Taking the "Go" expression to reach the meaning, but also more amorous is the Tang Dynasty Wen Tingjun's "New Sound Yang Willow Branch Words Two Songs · Two":
The bottom of the well is lit with a deep candle, and the gonglang is long and the mo go is played.
Linglong dice an red bean, into the bone acacia do not know.
This is a very folk song flavor of the lyrics, the first two sentences of the "deep candle" is "deep instruction", is the meaning of "deep instruction", "Mo Go" is "Mo violation of the period", is to emphasize "Do not violate the agreement on the return date, must return as scheduled", are consistent puns. In particular, the last two sentences are more loved and widely recited, which is of course a continuation of Wang Wei's song of "this thing is the most lovely", and the expression of lovesickness into the bone, warm and spicy, is also full of tenderness. But the preface "Go", which says "dice", is roughly closely related, so the "Go" written by Wen Tingjun is not the same as our current Go, or even unrelated. According to the excavated cultural relics, even if the "Go" written by Wen Tingjun belongs to Go, Go has also undergone different development and changes, with thirteen roads, fifteen roads, seventeen roads, etc., and then the late Tang Dynasty Yuanyuan Pei said (yuè) "Chess" poem wrote that the chess has "nineteen roads", saying that it is "nineteen flat roads... There are times when the national hand loses", which is consistent with our current Go.
Although chess is a small road, there are many wonderful stories and legends in it; the literati are nuanced and often render thick and affectionate with "chess language". For thousands of years, the culture has been endless, and the "chess language" has always been new.
(Author: Sun Xiuhua)