A song "Play My Beloved Earth Lute"
A classic "Railway Guerrilla"
Make the story of the railway guerrillas famous
And the name of old Hong
It's even more thunderous
The image of anti-Japanese heroes such as "Liu Hong" and "Wang Qiang", the soul characters in "Railway Guerrilla", are also well known to the world. With extraordinary skills, they crossed hundreds of miles of railway trunk lines, wrestled with the Japanese army, and created a shocking legend. These stories are based on the Lunan Railway Brigade, and almost all the main characters can find prototypes in life.
Today we are telling the story of "Liu Hong", the leader of the "Railway Guerrilla", which is actually a fusion of the deeds of Hong Zhenhai, the first captain of the Lunan Railway Brigade, and Liu Jinshan, the successor captain of the brigade, into one character in real history. The name "Liu Hong" is a combination of the surnames of Hong Zhenhai and Liu Jinshan.
Sculpture in the Railway Guerrilla Memorial
Let's take a closer look at the two real-life Lunan Railway Guerrilla leaders.
Hong Zhenhai was born poor, had a violent temper, was a hero and a righteous person, and was known as "Brother Hong"
Hong Zhenhai, the first captain of the Lunan Railway Team
Hong Zhenhai, a native of Dabeitang Village, Yangzhuang, Tengzhou, was born in 1910 to a family of carpenters. At the age of 3, he went with his father, a carpenter, to Chenzhuang on the west side of Zaozhuang Railway Station. After the death of his mother, his father sold his property and went to the Huainan mining area in Anhui to make a living, and at the age of 10, Zhenhai lived in the seventh sister's house in Zaozhuang, and later the seventh sister's family also moved to Huainan. In his youth, Hong Zhenhai lived alone in Zaozhuang, hungry and cold, living in a fixed place and living on the streets. Together with his friend Wang Zhisheng, he often filled his hunger by picking up scraps and cinders for pancakes. During this period, he came into contact with and became acquainted with the railway workers in Zaozhuang, often taking the initiative to help the locomotive driver and the furnace to work, and learned the technology of driving the train. Later, due to the compulsion of life, he often climbed on the train with the poor children in the mining area to get coal. Over a long period of time, he has trained the ability to fly and climb trains, and is known as "Scud". The long-term wandering life has made Hong Zhenhai form a bold personality that dares to think and dare to do, and sees righteousness and courage.
Soon after the Japanese army occupied Zaozhuang, Hong Zhenhai and Wang Zhisheng joined the Lunan Anti-Japanese Volunteer Brigade with underground CCP members. Later, his superiors decided to let him and his comrade-in-arms Wang Zhisheng set up a secret intelligence station. In the early winter of 1939, a charcoal farm in Zaozhuang opened its doors in a joyful manner. In fact, this new charcoal farm is the intelligence station that Hong Zhenhai is in charge of.
This time back to Zaozhuang to engage in intelligence, he and Wang Zhisheng returned to their old business, contacted the brother who had eaten two lines from the previous one, he was proud and righteous, he loved to report injustice, although his temper was violent, but his chivalrous courage had impressed the hearts of many partners, and everyone affectionately called him "Brother Hong".
In the afterword to the creation of the novel "Railway Guerrilla", Liu Zhixia wrote, "Judging from the materials provided by everyone, their original captain Hong Zhenhai is indeed a heroic figure as strong as steel, and he has many amazing achievements. Many outstanding battles of the railway guerrillas were done by his leaders. He has the highest pickpocketing skills, and he can also go up on special fast cars. He did the flying car machine gun. Lao Hong fought bravely and was proud and righteous towards his friends, so he had a very high prestige in the team. His temperament is particularly irritable, and when he encounters unpleasant things, he often jumps like thunder. The railway guerrillas have a mantra: "Captain Hong speaks, and he scolds with a scolding." "Lao Hong's temper is very powerful, but these heroes who sacrificed their lives and forgot their lives in the struggle against the enemy are bowing down to the captain who is angry with them, and they dare not confront them at all." Because they serve their captain, knowing that he has lost his temper, he will treat them like brothers. ”
In July 1940, the Lunan Military Region decided to form the Lunan Railway Brigade on the basis of the Anti-Japanese Intelligence Station, with Hong Zhenhai as its leader. Under his leadership, the Lunan Railway Brigade fought on the enemy's tightly controlled railway trunk line. They picked up railroad tracks, blew bridges, crashed trains, intercepted supplies, killed devils, punished traitors, protected the masses, and protected their hometowns, like a sharp steel knife inserted into the heart of the enemy, beating the Japanese puppet army dizzy and frightened. In the countless battles of the enemy's search, attack, and sweeping, the Vietnam War became more courageous and the vietnamese war became stronger, becoming a heroic anti-Japanese unit with a long reputation and a mighty fear.
The place where the Lunan Railway Brigade was formed- the former site of Jiang Ji Village in Teng County
He died heroically at the age of 31 and was posthumously recognized as a member of the Communist Party of China
In December 1941, hundreds of Japanese puppet troops went to Huangbuzhuang, the garrison of the Lunan Railway Brigade, to "sweep up", and Hong Zhenhai was unfortunately shot and died at the age of 31 when he led his troops to fight the enemy. The Political Department of the Lunan Military Region posthumously recognized Him as a member of the Communist Party of China at the request of Hong Zhenhai before his death. After Hong Zhenhai's heroic sacrifice, his coffin was escorted by his comrades-in-arms to his hometown, Dabeitang Village, Yangzhuang, Tengzhou City, Zaozhuang.
Machine guns used in the Battle of Huangbuzhuang against Hong Zhenhai
Former site of Hong Zhenhai's sacrifice (present-day Huangbuzhuang, Weishan)
Knowing the story of the captain, and now walking into the hero's "side", people can't help but be awe-inspired. In the tomb of the Martyr Hong Zhenhai in Dabeitang Village, only the tombstone is engraved: "Hong Zhenhai Martyrs Monument" Was inscribed by the founding general Yang Guangli. Under the tombstone is inlaid a bronze plaque presented by the Zaozhuang Civil Affairs Bureau and the Zaozhuang Railway Guerrilla Exhibition Hall: "The 60th Anniversary of the Heroic Sacrifice of Hong Zhenhai, the First Commander of the Railway Guerrilla Brigade." In 2015, the tomb of Hong Zhenhai Martyr was approved by the Shandong Provincial People's Government as a cultural relics protection unit of Shandong Province. The whole cemetery is solemn and solemn, which is very admirable.
Liu Jinshan was appointed as the captain of the railway team
The Lunan Railway Team succeeded Liu Jinshan as the captain of the brigade
Liu Jinshan, born in October 1915 in Caizhuang Village, Yong'an Town, Shizhong District, his parents died in childhood; he joined the Communist Party of China in January 1941; and succeeded him as the leader of the railway guerrilla brigade in 1941 after the death of captain Hong Zhenhai. Liu Jinshan is a typical Shandong Han, tall and thick-faced.
In April 1938, when Liu Jinshan learned that the People's Anti-Japanese Armed Forces led by the Communist Party were active in the Tengyi Area, he resolutely joined this team. After being wounded in a battle, he lost contact with the troops; in September 1940, he was introduced to the railway brigade, and the captain of the brigade, Hong Zhenhai, saw that he was smart and capable, so he arranged for him to work as a messenger in the brigade headquarters. Liu Jinshan made rapid progress and was promoted to the head of the railway brigade. In January 1941, he honorably joined the Communist Party of China and became the backbone of the railway brigade.
Zhi Yong was both complete, personally eliminated the secret agent leader Gao Gang Shigeichi, and led the team to escort Liu Shaoqi and other cadres across the railway line
In order to deal with the Lunan Railway Brigade, the Japanese troops stationed in Lincheng moved from Jinan to the head of the special agent, Shigeichi Takaoka (the prototype of the Japanese special agent captain Gangcun in the novel "Railway Guerrilla"). Takaoka Shigeichi not only speaks fluent Chinese, but also has a good understanding of Chinese customs and religious beliefs. He won people's hearts and minds by means of "worshiping brothers" and "confessing relatives". More than 50 pseudo-township chiefs near Lincheng, more than 40 of whom worshiped his brothers. Shigeichi Takaoka's schemes put the railway team's activities in a difficult situation.
In order to get out of the predicament, the railway brigade attacked Lincheng at night under the leadership of the captain Hong Zhenhai, and it was Liu Jinshan who killed Gao Gang Shigeichi.
Liu Jinshan led the team to first design to remove the important eyes and ears of Gao Gang, and then disguised as railway workers and went deep into the reconnaissance direction, configuration and situation of the Japanese military post near Gao Gang's office. Then he led the elite team members to rush to the office of Gao Gang at more than 10 o'clock in the night. Liu Jinshan kicked open the door with force, and Gao Gang, who was lying on the case, saw that there was a change and was about to reach out and touch the gun, but was killed by Liu Jinshan's shot. The sleepy-eyed guard had just raised his head, and Liu Jinshan's muzzle had already pressed against the door of his head. The entire battle lasted less than 10 minutes, and not only was the high post eliminated, but two machine guns, more than 30 rifles, three pistols and thousands of rounds of ammunition were captured. This effectively struck the Japanese army, and even more shocked those township chiefs who had cooperated with Takaoka Shigeichi, and the spy network that Takaoka Shigeichi painstakingly operated would have since disintegrated.
In 1941, after the death of the captain Hong Zhenhai, Liu Jinshan was elected by all the team members as the acting captain. Together with the political commissar and the deputy captain, they led everyone to continue to fight on the railway line.
In April 1942, liu Shaoqi went to Shandong Binhai to inspect and guide the work and prepare to return to Yan'an, the Lunan Military Region entrusted the task of escorting Liu Shaoqi across the Jinpu Railway to the railway brigade, and determined that Liu Jinshan would lead 9 team members to carry out the escort task. The next night, Liu Shaoqi, alias "Hufu", rode a mule and set off with Liu Jinshan and others. They quietly crossed the Jinpu Railway from a dry sand river culvert near Shagou and, after a short rest at Qiao Temple, sent Liu Shaoqi to a boat at Weishan Lake. Because the enemy in huxi "swept up" and the blockade was tight, they accompanied Liu Shaoqi to stay on the boat for two days before bidding farewell, and the troops of the Huxi Military Region continued to send Liu Shaoqi westward, successfully completing the task. Since then, the railway brigade has successively escorted chen Yi, Xiao Hua, Luo Ronghuan, Zhu Rui, and more than a thousand passing cadres, sending hundreds of backbone troops to the main force.
In 1943, he escorted Comrade Chen Yi across the railway
In May 1942, Liu Jinshan was officially appointed as the commander of the brigade by the Lunan Military Region.
Liu Jinshan led the Lunan Railway Brigade to blow up the front and rear railways, forcing the Japanese army to surrender, which was the only time that our guerrilla troops were surrendered
In August 1945, after Japan announced its unconditional surrender, more than 1,000 Japanese troops and their families stationed in the Zaozhuang area attempted to flee South to Xuzhou by an ironclad train. When the ironclad car drove near the sand ditch, the way forward or backward was cut off by the railway brigade. However, at this time, the Japanese army still wanted to make a final stubborn resistance and refused to surrender to the railway brigade. In accordance with the instructions of the Lunan Military Region, Liu Jinshan went to Shagou to solemnly state our army's position to Ota Yoshinori, commander of the Japanese ironclad vehicle brigade, and sent representatives to Jizhuang to negotiate with the representatives of the Japanese army, and finally made the Japanese army bow its head and admit guilt, surrender its weapons and surrender. This time, the Japanese army handed over two mountain guns, 8 heavy machine guns, more than 130 light machine guns, more than 1,400 rifles, dozens of boxes of pistols, and more than 100 boxes of bullets. History shows that this is the only time in the history of our army that the Japanese army surrendered its weapons to the guerrilla units led by our Party when it was defeated.
After Liu Jinshan's death, he was buried in Zaozhuang, and now the tombstone is in Xuecheng Linshan Park
In March 1946, the Lunan Railway Brigade was ordered to abolish, and on this basis the Lunan Railway Bureau was established, and Liu Jinshan was appointed deputy director. In August 1946, in order to delay the concentrated attack of the Kuomintang troops in the Xuzhou area on the Lunan Liberated Area, the Lunan Military Region mobilized some backbones of the former Lunan Railway Brigade and re-established the Lunan Railway Brigade with more than 190 members, and Liu Jinshan once again served as the captain of the brigade. In November 1946, due to the change in the situation of the struggle against the enemy, the number of the Lunan Railway Brigade was once again ordered to be revoked, and the unit was reorganized into the Second Battalion of the Special Service Regiment of the Lunan Military Region, with Liu Jinshan as the deputy regimental commander and commander of the Second Battalion. After that, he went south with the army, participated in major battles such as Huaihai and Crossing the River, and served as the deputy commander of the 307th Regiment of the Luzhongnan Column.
After the founding of New China, Liu Jinshan successively served as the commander of the 37th Regiment of the 35th Army, the chief of staff of the Jinhua Military Subdistrict in Zhejiang, the chief of staff of the 10th 5th Division, the chief of staff of the 17th Public Security Division, the deputy commander of the Nantong Military Subdistrict in Jiangsu Province, and the commander of the Suzhou Military Subdistrict. He died of illness in 1996. Before his death, Liu Jinshan instructed his family to bury his ashes on the east side of the railway guerrilla monument at the southern foot of Linshan mountain in Xuecheng District, Zaozhuang City, in order to accompany the heroic souls of his comrades who had fought side by side.
Today, the reporter came to Linshan Park in Xuecheng District to look for Liu Jinshan's cemetery. After several turns, Liu Jinshan's cemetery was finally found on the east side of the Railway Guerrilla Memorial Hall.
Through a small forest, you can see Liu Jinshan's cemetery, and the tombstone reads "Tomb of Liu Jinshan, The Leader of the Railway Guerrilla Brigade", which was paid on April 5, 1997. At the back of the tombstone, Liu Jinshan's life deeds are recorded in detail.
The cemetery also has a small pavilion for visitors to visit and rest, and in front of the cemetery are pine trees and lush greenery. At this time, it was peaceful and quiet.
The love affair with "Fang Lin Sister-in-law" is really true, but the real history is like this
The love between "Liu Hong" and "Fang Lin's sister-in-law" in the drama "Railway Guerrilla" is a pleasing stroke. At that time, although the war was raging, it was the warmest and sweetest scene. In fact, in real life, it is the love story of Hong Zhenhai and Shi Dajie (one of the prototypes of Fang Lin's sister-in-law).
Film and television stills
Sister-in-law Shi was nearly thirty years old, and had a daughter named Xiaofeng, her husband was a railway worker, killed by Japanese devils, she was widowed and lived with her daughter, and later fell in love with Lao Hong in the struggle to help the railway guerrillas. But Lao Hong sacrificed again, so she was widowed again.
Liu Zhixia, the author of the novel "Railway Guerrilla", once said that the novel is a refinement and synthesis of the original life, and has made artistic processing, the novel did not let "Lao Hong" sacrifice, and the later captain Liu Jinshan synthesized a character to write, then the love thread of Fang Lin and Lao Hong continued to develop.
It is worth mentioning that after the liberation of the whole country, when Liu Jinshan was the deputy commander of the Nantong Military Subdistrict, "Railway Guerrilla" was published, and at that time Liu Jinshan had already married a Jiangsu girl and started a family. When the young readers of Nantong knew that their deputy commander was "Liu Hong" in the book, many organs and schools asked him to make a report. Whenever he came down from the stage after the report, he was surrounded by young people, and he kept asking him about Fang Lin's sister-in-law, "How is she now?" Liu Jinshan was often asked with a flushed face. In the end, he had to say: "All the battles written in the novel 'Railway Guerrilla' are real, they are real, and that's how we did it with the devils." As for Fang Lin's sister-in-law, it is the creation of the writer. ”
Liu Jinshan and his wife Xu Huihua
Zaozhuang Daily's all-media reporter planted ice and snow