In 1953, the "Gao and Rao Anti-Party Alliance" incident "broke out" When the chairman saw the material, he was furious and decided to give Gao Gang serious disciplinary action.
High, Rao
In 1952, the secretaries of the five major regions were transferred back to Beijing, of which Gao Gang was the most prominent and arranged as the chairman of the State Planning Commission, known as the "Economic Cabinet" and parallel to the State Council, whose position was prominent and powerful far higher than that of the other four secretaries.
Even so, however, Gao Gang was still not satisfied with the arrangements made by the central authorities; he felt very unhappy that his post was under Comrade Shaoqi; in order to take up his post, he collected some mistakes in Comrade Shaoqi's work, sorted them out, and spread them everywhere, exaggerating Comrade Shaoqi's mistakes.
Soon, because of the problem of tax reform, the State Council carried out a new division of labor, and eight of the 20 economic departments were transferred to the State Planning Commission led by Gao Gang.
As Gao Gang was further trusted and reused, his power was greatly strengthened. At the same time, Gao Gang lost himself in power, thinking that the chairman wanted him to take the position of prime minister.
In order to win over foreign aid, Gao Gang went to the south to engage in tandem and began to arbitrarily seal officials and make wishes, the most important of which was Rao Shushi, and the two believed that there would be a major adjustment in the leadership organization and personnel arrangements, which was a great opportunity to realize their power ambitions, so the two cooperated more closely and accelerated the pace of usurping party and state power.
The chairman was aware of Gao and Rao's separatist activities in the later stages of the national financial and economic conference, and some situations at the national organization work conference aroused his vigilance even more.
To this end, at a meeting, the chairman clearly pointed out that after there were two headquarters in Beijing, Gao Gang woke up like a dream and wanted to plead guilty, but it was too late.
In January 1954, the problems of Gao and Rao were dug up one by one, one of which was very heavy and divided into seven points:
1. Gao Gang has said many times at important meetings of the Northeast Bureau that the chairman is not good at fighting wars, engaging in politics, and even less in economy, and even less in industry. Only he Gaogang understands both military affairs and politics, economics, and industry, and is relatively comprehensive.
2. Gao Gang has repeatedly told trusted people around him that many comrades in the party are pro-American and pro-Western factions externally and capitalists internally, advocating the practice of capitalism and protecting the interests of the bourgeoisie, and only he Gao Gang is a resolute pro-Soviet and pro-socialist faction.
3. Gao Gang has repeatedly told people he trusts that some people compare the current contradictions of the Party Central Committee to the historical dispute between Liu and Xiang and the great war between Qin and Chu, which is very vivid. To determine the future and destiny of China, Qin's representative is he Gao Gang, and Chu's representative is Liu Shaoqi.
4. While presiding over the Northeast Bureau and the Northeast People's Government, Gao Gang repeatedly privately revealed our party's major secrets to the Soviet Big Brother, and said on many occasions that if Beijing could not carry it out, he was ready to return to the northeast in a vain attempt to establish an independent kingdom in the northeast.
V. Gao Gang secretly ordered the Security Bureau of the Northeast Military District Command to secretly set up a special force of several hundred people, weapons obtained from the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Each officer and soldier was equipped with a silent pistol. To create this special unit, Gao Gang did not report to the Central Military Commission.
Sixth, Gaogang lived a rotten life, and women in all parts of the northeast had adulterated many women, including female warriors, the most of which were Belarusian girls, trading in gold.
7. Another aspect of the decay of Gaogang's life is that in addition to drinking wild ginseng soup, deer whip wine, and snow bug essence for a long time, he also listened to the immortal art of an old Taoist priest in Changbai Mountain, and sucked semen from the young guards, causing many guards to suffer serious physical and mental damage.
When the chairman saw these materials, he became furious and informed Comrade Shaoqi to immediately convene a meeting and decide to give Gao Gang serious disciplinary action. But the proud Gao Gang is rigid to the end, refusing to admit his crimes.
On February 15, Gao Gang wrote an explanation to the task force: "I am tired of living, as you said I am guilty, I want to overthrow Liu Shaoqi, seize the position of the second leader in the party, and take over as chairman in the future and be the leader myself." My question is best known to the Chairman. ”
On the afternoon of the same day, at a meeting on the Gaogang issue, the premier, on behalf of the task force, made a conclusion on the Gaogang issue and listed nine major crimes.
Gao Gang, who knew that he was deeply guilty, wrote a desperate letter that night, and at dawn, swallowed a few sleeping pills, but failed to die.
On August 17, he committed suicide by taking a large amount of sleeping pills again.
The chairman was very angry at Gao Gang's anti-party activities, pointing out: Although there is no written agreement between Gao and Rao, their thoughts, goals, and actions are the same, which shows that they are not two independent kingdoms and independent households that are not related to each other.
However, the chairman also regretted Gao Gang's death and told the departments concerned: "Several of Gao Gang's children were raised by the state, and his lover, Comrade Li Liqun, was also arranged to be a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and enjoy the treatment of vice ministers."
Comrade Shaoqi said: "People cannot be resurrected after death, and the hearts of the chairman and everyone are uncomfortable.
Now the whole party must unify, unite around the chairman, minimize the impact of the incident, and senior cadres, in particular, should draw lessons and stabilize the party's morale and military spirit. ”
In 1955, Gao and Rao were expelled from the party and removed from all positions inside and outside the party. Rao was also sentenced to 14 years in prison.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the country's military forces were divided into leaders of six major military regions, namely the Northeast Military Region, the North China Military Region, the East China Military Region, the Central South Military Region, the Northwest Military Region, and the Southwest Military Region.
After the tempering of the Land War, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, the mainland can be said to have a large number of generals, so there are many famous generals in various military regions.
The six major military regions correspond to six commanders at the same time, five of whom are awarded the rank of marshal, namely: Nie Rongzhen, commander of the North China Military Region.
Chen Yi, commander of the East China Military Region.
Lin Biao, commander of the Central South Military Region.
Peng Dehuai, commander of the Northwest Military Region.
Commander of the Southwest Military Region He Long.
So, did Gao Gang serve as commander of the Northeast Military Region qualified for the rank of marshal?
Gao Gang
In the editor's opinion; Gao Gang is fully qualified to evaluate the rank of marshal, and why do I say so, because at least five merits are enough to recognize his military contributions during the revolutionary period.
First, he was one of the founders of the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army and the revolutionary base area, and after the sacrifices of Liu Zhidan and Xie Zichang, the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army reached the most difficult period,
At that time, the dragons were leaderless, and it was Gao Gang who carried the big banner, and in the face of a strong enemy, Gao Gang formulated the strategic principle: "Do not fight big battles, fight small battles, accumulate small victories into big victories, concentrate the main forces, and go deep into the Shaanxi-Gansu border to actively carry out activities."
Under the guidance of this military thinking, the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army continued to win various small battles, and also enabled the Shaanxi-Gansu Red Army to get out of difficulties step by step and move towards strength.
Although the base area is not large and there are not many people, its important historical contribution is to provide a foothold for the CPC Central Committee and the main Red Army after the Long March, and to provide a large rear for the future War of Resistance.
2. He served as secretary of the Guerrilla Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, political commissar of the Provisional General Headquarters of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Red Army, political commissar of the 26th Red Army, vice chairman and general political commissar of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission, deputy political commissar of the 15th Red Army Corps, and chairman of the Senate of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region for three terms. At the same time, he is also the commander of the border area security and the secretary of the Northwest Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China.
During his time in the border areas, Gao Gang fully demonstrated his leadership skills, and as a local cadre, he had unparalleled advantages in understanding the people's feelings and connecting with the masses.
The chairman once said, "Although I have been in northern Shaanxi for five or six years, I cannot compare with comrades like Gao Gang in terms of understanding the situation here or in terms of relations with the masses in this region."
Third, make meritorious contributions to the successful capture of Northeast China by our army. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Gao Gang was ordered to go to the northeast to serve as the commander of the Northern Manchurian Military Region, and later promoted to deputy secretary of the Northeast Bureau and deputy commander and deputy political commissar of the Northeast Military Region, and jointly presided over the overall situation of Northeast China with Lin Biao and Luo Ronghuan.
In the early days of our party's entry into northeast China, in order to gain a firm foothold, Gaogang cracked down on landlord bullies and launched an upsurge of large-scale land reform, which laid an important foundation for our party to win the support of the people in northeast China (especially the peasants) and build a consolidated base area.
During the Liaoshen Campaign, a situation was formed in the northeast where Lin Biao commanded the battle in the front and Gao Gang presided over the work in the rear, completing the logistical support work of the Northeast Military Region's millions of troops.
4. Presided over the construction of Northeast China in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China. After the liberation of Northeast China, Gao Gang served as secretary of the Northeast Bureau, commander and political commissar of the Northeast Military Region, integrating the party, government, and military power in the northeast.
At that time, the industry of the northeast accounted for half of the country. It plays an important role in the overall economic situation of the country. Gao Gang's work in presiding over the economic construction of the northeast during this period was fruitful.
5. Spare no effort to lead the Northeast Military Region in providing logistical support for the volunteers. At that time, hundreds of thousands of troops entered the DPRK, and food and clothing were big problems.
In order to facilitate the overall planning of logistical support, Gao Gang also constructively put forward his views on setting up four logistics sub-units in the DPRK under the management of the Northeast Military Region, with the Northeast Military Region as the mainstay.
This is why Mr. Peng said when accepting the medal from North Korea: "If you want to talk about meritorious deeds, this medal should be given to Gao Gang from the rear and Hong Xuezhi from the front, and I am only accepting this medal as a representative." ”
Gao Gang spoke at the first session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
It can be seen from this that Gao Gang was not only a military chief during the revolutionary years, but also a military chief with excellent military and political excellence; at the first session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of New China, Gao Gang was also elected vice president of the state, second only to Marshal Zhu De and Comrade Liu Shaoqi in the party.
However, due to his serious individualism and arrogance, he was regarded as a "member of the Gao Rao clique against the party", which led to the premature end of his political life. ”
After being examined in isolation, he committed suicide on August 17, 1954, because of his personality, he could not accept the sudden contrast.
Although the first half of his life was a revolutionary process full of magnificent and meritorious achievements, as his problems were revealed, those historical achievements were also erased.