Since ancient times, there have been too many "fierce" emperors to count; but as an emperor, in order to show the people of the world how filial he is, even if he does not like the empress, he will do enough superficial efforts. The emperor was a bit fierce, even killing his own mother, and he especially liked to cut the nose of the captive, but unfortunately he ended up planting it in the hands of his son.
The emperor mentioned above is Li Yuanhao, the founding emperor of Western Xia. Xia Jingzong Li Yuanhao, a member of the Dangxiang clan, claimed to be a descendant of the Xianbei Tuoba clan of the Northern Wei imperial family. His distant ancestor Tuoba Sigong, because of his merits in quelling the Huangchao Rebellion, was given the surname of Li by Emperor Tang, that is, Li Sigong, and was made the Prince of Xiping.
During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, no matter who sat in the Central Plains, the Li clan of the Dangxiang clan would submit to them. During this period, the Dangxiang clan Li clan also handled relations with the Shatuo regimes of the Later Tang, Later Jin, and Later Han Dynasties very carefully; after the establishment of the Song Dynasty, they maintained intricate diplomatic relations with the Liao state established by Yelü Abaoji and the Song Dynasty. But in general, the Dangxiang clan Li clan is still very well-behaved in front of these regimes, and it is precisely because of this that they have gained a lot of benefits and enjoyed a stable living environment.
These benefits made the Li clan of the Dangxiang clan gradually become stronger after more than two hundred years of development. In addition, although Zhao Kuangyin slashed the military power of the feudal town in that year, in order to appease the ethnic minorities, the policy towards the ethnic minorities in the northwest was also very tolerant, one of which was "Xu Zhi hereditary". This policy is also very beneficial to the development of the Li clan of the Dangxiang clan.
However, after Xia Zhou Jiedu brought Li Ji to power, this "Xu Zhi hereditary" situation changed a little. Because Li Jipeng could not solve the contradictions within the family, in the seventh year of the Taiping Revival (982), he led his people into Beijing to meet the Emperor of the Song Dynasty, expressing his willingness to sacrifice silver, Xia, Sui, and Yu prefectures and eight counties. The problem was that Li Jiqian's brother Li Jiqian refused to enter Beijing to submit to the Song Dynasty, so he fled on the pretext. They fled to Dijinze (地晋泽, in modern Bayannaoer, Inner Mongolia), three hundred miles northeast of Xiazhou, and assembled, often attacking the Song border.
In the second year of Yongxi (985), Li Jiqian and his brother Li Jichong used a trick to booby-trap a Song general named Cao Guangshi, occupy Yinzhou, and attack Huizhou (靖遠, In gansu). This move is considered to be a fallout with the Song Dynasty. At the same time as falling out with the Song Dynasty, Li Jiqian turned his head and surrendered to the Liao people, and he was also crowned king of Xia. In the second year of Dao (996), Li Jiqian seized 400,000 stones of grain and grass from the Song army and sent a large army to surround Lingwu City. Emperor Taizong of Song, Zhao Guangyi, was very resentful of this and immediately sent five soldiers and horses to attack his troops, but all of them ended in failure. After the collapse of Emperor Taizong of Song, Emperor Zhenzong of Song took the throne, and considering that not long after the establishment of the Song Dynasty, the war and the people were hurting money, they decided to negotiate peace with the party led by Li Jiqian, and ceded Xia, Sui, Yin, You (Jingbian, Shaanxi), Jing (Shaanxi Mizhi) and other places to Li Jiqian. This is tantamount to recognizing the status of Western Xia.
After Li Jiqian's death, his son Li Deming succeeded to the throne, and Li Deming still pursued the principle of submitting to the Liao and Song dynasties diplomatically; internally, the emperor sent a faction, expanding the territory to Yumen Pass and the entire Hexi Corridor. After Li Deming's death, his son Li Yuanhao stepped onto the stage of history.
After Li Yuanhao succeeded to the throne, he began to actively prepare for the separation from the jurisdiction of the Song Dynasty, he built palaces, set up the position of minister of culture and military affairs, trained the army, created his own Western Xia script, and sent troops to attack Tubo, taking Guazhou, Shazhou, and Suzhou to expand his territory. In the first year of the Song Dynasty (1038), Li Yuanhao was proclaimed emperor and changed the name of the country to Xia.
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After the establishment of the Western Xia regime, Li Yuanhao openly cut off the diplomatic exchanges between the Western Xia and the Song Dynasty, and also sent a "letter of consort" to the Song Dynasty, accusing the Song Dynasty of treachery and mocking the corruption and incompetence of the Song army. He also threatened the Song Dynasty with the power of the Liao Dynasty, and finally showed that Western Xia was still willing to make peace with the Song Dynasty. From this, we can see that there will definitely be a war between the Xia and Song dynasties.
Indeed, within a few years after the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, Li Yuanhao successively launched four major battles, including the Battle of Sanchuankou, the Battle of Haoshuichuan, the Battle of Linfufeng, and the Battle of DingchuanZhai, all of which were defeats of the Song Dynasty. On the side of the Liao state, Li Yuanhao defeated Liao Xingzong, who led 100,000 elite troops to the front line to personally kill the enemy at the Battle of Hequ in the seventh year (1044) of the Conferral Ceremony. In this way, Western Xia can be described as a powerful country at that time, and Li Yuanhao was also known as the tyrant of the world.
However, after the great defeat of Song Liao, Li Yuanhao's shortcomings also began to gradually reveal. He was so proud of his achievements that he became addicted to wine. This led to the increasing decay within the Western Xia regime, and Li Yuanhao himself was a rebel. The "Western Xia Shushi" records that Li Yuanhao "punished the government and the emperor, sexually procured, poked the rebel relatives and killed his mother, and when he plotted against him, he killed his uncle, and if he was greedy, he insulted the wives of his subjects and the wives of his sons. In the case of poverty and extravagance, servitude is not timely, the resentment of the people is rising, and the children are whirlwind. "As the king of a country, it is so absurd and cruel that the biological mother can do it, and the wife of the son is robbed, which is bound to lead to the disaster of killing."
When Li Yuanhao deposed Empress Ye Li and replaced her with the Wu Clan, who was already betrothed to Crown Prince Ning Lingge, as the new empress, the chancellor did not hide Pang and instigate Prince Ning Lingge to rebel. In the eleventh year of the Heavenly Gifts (1048), Ning Lingge killed his father Li Yuanhao, and was later executed by Wuzang Pang. Wuzang falsely accused Pang Yongli of the first year of Yu Zuo (li yuanhao and the child of the wuzang woman) as emperor, and this was Xia Yizong.
Throughout the five thousand years of Chinese history, there are not a few emperors who have become increasingly corrupt in the country's government because of their own reasons after they have achieved fame, but there are few who are as absurd and cruel as Li Yuanhao, and the fate of Li Yuanhao's generation of tyrants is also lamentable; but Li Yuanhao's life deeds also tell people, no matter at any time, do not forget your heart, do not forget that you have come this way.