Speaking of the Whampoa Military Academy, like history is very familiar, its official name is called "Chinese Kuomintang Army Officer School", but because its early school site was located in Huangpu Island, southeast of Guangzhou, it was commonly known as the Whampoa Military Academy.
In April 1927, Chiang Kai-shek set the capital in Nanjing shortly after launching a counter-revolutionary coup in Shanghai, and he transferred all the organs to the new "capital".
In order to better directly lead the Whampoa Military Academy, he re-established a Central Army Officer School in Nanjing, which is still customarily called the Whampoa Military Academy, and later cadets are still called Whampoa students.
The Whampoa Military Academy held a total of 23 issues during the mainland period, the first 6 were friendly periods of cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and the remaining 17 were after Chiang Kai-shek's "Qing Party". From this dividing line, we can also see why there are so many generals in the first 6 issues of Huangpu, but there are almost none in the back.
Of course, it is not completely absent, and in the 11th period of Huangpu, there is a new China's founding major general Li Yuan.
Originally called Guan Junyan, Born in 1917 in Guanjiadian Village, XiXian County, Henan Province, Li received a good education in his early years, and after graduating from middle school, he saw the country's internal and external troubles, so in September 1934, he was admitted to the 11th phase of Huangpu from Rong.
At this time, Huangpu was no longer a crash course, Li Yuan's ability improved a lot after three years of military education, and the time of his graduation coincided with the full-scale invasion of China by the Japanese Kou, so he was assigned to the 87th Division of the Nationalist Army as a commander and participated in the Battle of Songhu with the troops.
The 87th Division was the ace of the Nationalist Army, and at that time the Kuomintang was equipped with a total of three German mechanization divisions, and the 87th Division was one of them, so it also became one of the main forces in the Battle of Songhu.
Although it was the first time to go to the battlefield, Li Yuan did not have the slightest fear, and his experience of killing the enemy for the first time was quite brave. Originally, he only went to the 260th Brigade to convey the order, asking the brigade commander Chen Yiding to hold his position.
As a result, as soon as he arrived at the place, the Japanese attacked, and the two armies launched a fierce battle, which was the first time ThatRihara had seen a Japanese soldier, and the scene of blood and flesh did not scare him, but aroused his arrogance. He borrowed a rifle from a bystander, then aimed at the Japanese and fired, killing two enemies with two bullets!
Li Yuan's initial battle achieved good results, but the courage of individuals could not change the overall situation, although the Songhu Hui Warring States Army had several times the superiority of troops, it finally fell into a big defeat, the 87th Division had 30,000 people before the war, but after withdrawing to Wuhan, there were only less than 7,000 left, which is still the total number of personnel after many replenishments, which shows the heavy overall losses.
It was also because of this battle that Li Yuan saw the corruption and incompetence of the Nationalist army, so he had the idea of separating from his comrades-in-arms Ruan Qing and Liao Bin, who had excellent friendships.
It is also a coincidence that during the rest of the troops in Wuhan, the superiors just ordered Li Yuan and Ruan Qing to return to Nanjing to report for duty, and during this journey, the two made a bold decision: to join the Eighth Route Army of the heroic Resistance!
In his later memoirs, Li Yuan wrote about some psychological changes at that time: the Songhu War of Resistance that I personally experienced made me have great doubts about Chiang Kai-shek's command ability. ...... Therefore, in addition to passing orders to Nanjing, the two of us also had a purpose, that is, to find the Eighth Route Army office again and introduce us to Yan'an.
Unexpectedly, the Eighth Route Army office had already moved away at that time, and they had to return to Wuhan first, and then wait for Liao Bin, who was training outside, when the three of them went to the Eighth Road together.
In March 1938, Liao Bin returned to Wuhan after training outside the country, and immediately agreed after hearing the idea of the two friends, so the three of them went to the Wuhan office of the Eighth Route Army together and asked to go to Yan'an.
The first person to receive them was Luo Binghui, who was a soldier, so his vigilance trumped that of the united front, so he rejected them.
The three of them did not have a dead heart, and they lived near the office that night, and went again the next morning, this time they met Dong Biwu, the elder of the Communist Party of China, through a request.
Dong Biwu received them very warmly, and after hearing their demands, he said: I certainly support you to have this idea, but I hope you will think clearly that northern Shaanxi is no better than Wuhan, where life is very poor and life is difficult. Moreover, from Wuhan to Yan'an, there are many Kuomintang agents passing through Xi'an, and there is a possibility of killing their heads if they are caught. These two points, I hope you will think well and come back to me.
As a result, the three people were very determined, saying that they did not need to think about it anymore, and they must go to Yan'an! Seeing that they had such an attitude, Dong Biwu agreed.
After a long journey of nearly a month, the three of them arrived in Yan'an and were sent to the Kang Da as a typical example of revolutionary aspirants.
After entering the Kang Da, Li Yuan's performance was particularly outstanding, it didn't take long to become a squad leader, then he joined the party in one month, and became a teacher of the Kang Da in three months, which showed his ability!
He was a teacher at Kang Da for a long time, but he was still eager to kill the enemy on the battlefield, so in 1940 he asked to go down to the grassroots level to fight. After consideration, the central government assigned Li Yuan to the first team of the 359th Brigade Of the 120th Division, and at first he was only a deputy captain, and by the end of the War of Resistance, he had grown into a battalion commander!
After the surrender of the Japanese Kou, he entered the northeast with the 359th Brigade, served as the political commissar of the Seventh Regiment of the Independent Third Division of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army, the commander of the 85th Regiment of the 29th Division of the Tenth Column, and participated in important battles such as the Three Lower Jiangnan, the Kaiyuan Offensive, and the Black Mountain Blockade. In the later stages of the Liberation War, he was the chief of staff of the 140th Division of the 47th Army.
Who would have thought that a nationalist army commander would become a senior commander of the People's Liberation Army in just over a decade by relying on his own efforts? This is not nothing, the most legendary is in the period of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
During the preparation of the 47th Army for the Korean War, Cao Lihuai, commander of the 47th Army, and Zhou Chiping, political commissar, after repeated consideration, decided to let Li Yuan, who was good at commanding operations, serve as the commander of the 140th Division.
However, the 140th Division was qualified to become division commanders and had several more seniority than Li Yuan, and in order to allow Li Yuan to lead this division well, the 47th Army successively transferred Liu Ziyun, Jiang Kecheng, and Chen Fuzhang as division commanders.
After these veteran cadres had other positions, the 47th Army first appointed Li Yuan as the acting commander of the 140th Division, and then helped him to correct him after he had run into the troops, and then led the army!
To get this treatment, in fact, Li Yuan was also very surprised, he later said with emotion: From this adjustment, we can see the importance and trust of the organization to me. I feel a great responsibility, only by working hard to do a good job, can I not fail the superior leadership!
When he arrived at the Korean battlefield, Li Yuan did live up to expectations, and he commanded his troops to participate in famous battles such as the Fifth Campaign, the Defense of the Imjin River, and the Defense of the West Coast.
In the autumn campaign, Li Yuan led the whole division to resist the 10 times more American ace units, the U.S. First Cavalry Division and the U.S. Third Division, and after 90 days of bloody battle, not only held the position, but also seized the opportunity to break through the other side for 5 to 20 kilometers. In the "Korean War" later written by the Japanese Land War History Research and Popularization Association, there is this passage:
"The cost of the U.S. First Army was greater than anyone could have imagined, especially the First Cavalry Division. The Chinese army here, unlike the other fronts, desperately held its ground. The "Chinese army" mentioned here refers to the 140th Division.
After this battle, Li Yuan was praised by the volunteer army command, and Yang Dezhi, commander of the Nineteenth Corps, also said: "We must learn from him (referring to Li Yuan) at all levels."
After returning from Korea, Riwon was promoted to deputy commander and chief of staff of the 47th Army, was awarded the rank of colonel in 1955, promoted to major general in 1964, and became the commander of the 47th Army the following year. Later, Li Yuan also served as director of the Hunan Provincial Revolutionary Committee and deputy commander of the Lanzhou Military Region.
It is worth mentioning that the two people who participated in the revolution with Li Yuan later achieved very good results, Liao Bin also served as deputy commander of the Lanzhou Military Region, and Ruan Qing served as the first secretary of the Guilin Municipal Party Committee, and the feelings of the three people continued for a lifetime! Such friendships are really moving.
Li Yuan died in Beijing in 2008 at the age of 91.
At that time, many young people with lofty ideals were like General Li Yuan, who understood who was truly anti-Japanese, so they chose the truly revolutionary side!