Zhu Guangqian
If he had not been caught up in the campus trend, Zhu Guang's life in Chengdu would have been at ease. Here there are not only old friends Bian Zhilin, He Qifang, Luo Niansheng, Xu Zhongshu and other people who have been following each other and talking about poetry, but also the cultural center of his wife Xi Jinwu's hometown of Sichuan. When he first came to Chengdu, he did not bring his family, and lived alone in the Juyuan single dormitory on the campus of Sichuan University, although he was a little lonely, he could concentrate on reading and writing. After his wife and children came to Chengdu, the couple took their children to his father-in-law's house from time to time to reunite. The Western Sichuan Plain is rich, the prices in Chengdu are much cheaper than in other cities, and the family has gone through the pain of displacement, as if they have suddenly entered heaven. My father-in-law's home is at No. 1 Hengxiao South Street, not far from Sichuan University, and it is easy to walk around. The house was rented, named Fu Zhai, and it was a short walk to Chengdu's famous Shaocheng Park, so it became a place where he and his wife and friends often met. He loves to eat tea at the Heming Tea House and the Green Shade Pavilion Tea House in Shaocheng Park, likes the elegant and silent atmosphere there, and compares Chengdu and Beiping from time to time between chatting with friends.
Jincheng Spring Color Left the "Flower Society" beautiful text
Before fleeing Beiping, Zhu Guangqian ran a literary magazine with a group of Beijing-style literary scholars, and earlier edited a literary journal. When he came to Chengdu, he felt that although the traditional culture of Shudi had accumulated deeply, the nourishment of the new culture still needed to be strengthened, so he began to return to the old business. After he consulted with He Qifang, Bian Zhilin, Fang Jing, Luo Niansheng, and Xie Wenbing, a new magazine called "Work" was launched in Chengdu. He wrote several articles for the magazine, "On the Zhou Zuoren Incident Again", as well as "Sleeping Open" and "Flower Market". As an aesthetic theorist, although Zhu Guangqian has never stopped working, he has always written more essays and less prose, but this time, when he toured Chengdu, the perceptual factors of his pen were stimulated, leaving a rare beautiful article depicting the Qingyang Palace Flower Society-—— "Flower Society". In the eyes of this Chengdu son-in-law:
"Chengdu rarely sees the sun all year round, and the people of the whole city are buried in the haze every day, like the moss of the ancient well, they are dyed with local colors, soaked in shade, silent, and always spend their leisurely years in the misty clouds..." "But in the yangchun and March, the scenery is particularly bright." Spring came late, and as soon as it came, the climate suddenly changed from warm to hot, so the seasonal flowers in other areas appeared in Chengdu. Plum blossom camellia without xie, followed by peach apricot, peach apricot without xie, followed by hibiscus Jianlan peony. In March you can see the flowers of winter, spring, and summer at the same time..."
In the eyes of this Anhui people, Chengdu is simply a spring city. Zhu Guangqian also felt the same way as Chen Yinke's wife, Tang Yun, who had also left a message in Chengdu that read, "Happy to come to Jinguancheng, flowers bloom in all four seasons and spring every year." However, what makes Zhu Guangqian most memorable is not the colorful flowers all over the city. One day, he went to the outskirts of Chengdu, and the flesh of the Western Sichuan Plain came towards him, and he touched another kind of scenery, magnificent and feminine, and immersed it in his pen, which he described:
"When you look up in March, all you can see is cauliflower and wheat seedlings, golden yellow, mixed with oil green, which is a kind of grand view. Under the sun, the flowers and grasses are like flames of anger, flashing and floating, although it shows the vast and vigorous scene of mountains and rivers. Sometimes the spring is cloudy, the wind is thin, the miao qing que is quiet, and there is also a quiet feeling. At this time, the people of Chengdu, whether men, women or children, went out of the city in groups to travel in the spring. ”
Zhu Guangqian's feet also stepped on the beat of Chengdu, and he and his wife Xi Jinwu took their children to the Qingyang Palace Flower Fair. A variety of colorful things, especially windmills, clay people, wooden horses, and small flower baskets, made his son linger, and he also turned sideways with great interest. Before turning to the antique and calligraphy and painting stalls, this scholar who wrote a good hand of Tongcheng ancient texts could not help but bend down to browse for a while, and lamented the cultural style of this ancient capital, and the habit of calligraphy and painting "can also be glimpsed in the flower fair." At that time, Zhu Guangqian, who had tasted too much of the pain of displacement, had long lost the warmth of peace, and Chengdu was indeed "the scenery actually resembled the old Beijing", and it was also "the sky is new for a while". Zhu Guang potential's article "Flower Club" finally said:
"Chengdu is known as Xiao Beiping. People who are familiar with Beiping will naturally think of the temple fairs in Changdian when they see the flower fairs, which are all a mixture of trade, religion, and play. In terms of display items alone, the factory is relatively rich and exquisite, but in terms of time and place, Chengdu flowers will be held in the countryside in the spring, which really takes advantage of a lot... The flower club will walk around, along the western suburb road back to the city... The flat domain is in sight, the breeze is coming... The so-called 'sky is new for a while', even if you are old, you will be ten years younger. People are middle-aged, it is rare to have such a youthful interest, let me praise this Chengdu flower party! ”
Poetry and wine accompanying friends do not get drunk and homeless
Zhu Guangqian's book "Talking about Beauty"
Zhu Guangqian is a good drinker, and many literati around him are also Du Kang's disciples, and many liquor stores and restaurants in Chengdu have left him and his friends to visit the figure. The Pillow River Tower at the Old South Gate, wang fat duck in West Royal Street, Zhi Deyuan, and Dwarf Zizhai have not been patronized by these long-established restaurants in Chengdu at that time, not to mention the Wu scribes in Qingshiqiao, Lai Tangyuan on Zongfu Street, and Guo Mash.
One day, the poet Bian Zhilin and his friend Zhang Chong and Miss Zhang came to a small restaurant called Not Drunk and Homeless for a banquet, and shang he Qifang and Fang Jing and others came together, and it was Zhu Guangqian who did the east. Bian Zhilin is Zhu Guangqian's close friend, Zhu Guangqian knows that he has a bitter crush on Zhang Chonghe, and Zhang Shi just traveled to Chengdu, the two rarely see each other, Zhu Guangqian naturally wants to match, plus he heard that Zhang Chonghe is a talented woman, who is quite involved in calligraphy and Kunqu opera, and also wants to take the opportunity to see one or two. During the banquet, Zhu Guangqian beckoned Xiao Er to bring Chengdu specialties Quanxing Daqu, and when the cup was looped, someone instigated Zhang Chong and Kunqu opera to help him. For a time, a gentle song of "Peony Pavilion" arrived gracefully, adding a little more interest and more happiness. Someone took advantage of the xing comment and said: "Miss Zhang's voice is sweet, and the Quanxing daqu seems to be a little bitter." Zhu Guangqian listened to Guan'er, he corrected: "A little bitter taste is a good wine, the taste of wine is bitter, sour second, sweet at the bottom, this is the wine classic, such a good wine we anhui is not, Beijing is not easy to get, everyone should not be drunk and homeless." ”
Not drunk and homeless is the name of the store, it is naturally a joke to say it here, and with Zhu Guangqian's character, he will not indulge in wantonness. On weekdays, it is rare for people to see the unrestrained side of his heart, and his poetic heart is placed in Tao Yuanming who leisurely sees Nanshan, rather than Li Taibai, who is drunk and catching the moon. Since his youth, Zhu Guangqian has believed in the creed of "doing the cause of joining the world with the spirit of birth", and later studied Croce's philosophy and had a deep feeling for the "intuition" of beauty. Perhaps, his alcoholism is to inspire his own vitality and feel the beauty of life, but he can grasp the degree of sliding to abuse and decadence.
As early as when Chunhui Middle School and Shanghai Lida Middle School were teaching, he fell in love with wine. There, he also happened to meet Feng Zikai, Ye Shengtao and other addicts, who often chatted and drank at night. A few peanuts, a few pieces of dried tofu, and a few pounds of rice wine are his wine career. At that time, he had not fully seen his future, and he was saddled with an awkward marriage, but he had never been drunk. However, Zhu Guang was drunk once when he was in Leshan, but not because of alcohol, but because of poetry, and the place was actually in class.
The students who had listened to Zhu Guangqian's lectures did not think that his eloquence was very good, although he also had good words from time to time. For example, when he was giving a speech in Huaxiba, Chengdu, he once said: "If everyone comes to see my appearance, you can leave now. He was teasing people who were only curious about the appearance of aestheticians. More often, he lectures "never looking at the students, and his eyes roll up as if they were somewhere on the ceiling or a window." However, there is no nonsense, and every sentence is clear. This kind of lecturing demeanor is undoubtedly rational and moderate, but his student Qi Bangyuan has seen Mr. Zhu emotionally once. That time, Zhu Guangqian explained Wordsworth's poem "Margaret's Sorrow" to the students, and Qi Bangyuan recalled: When Mr. Zhu read, 'The birds in the sky have wings... The chain is tight to us is the earth and the ocean', saying that the ancient Chinese poem has a similar sentence of 'the wind and clouds have bird roads, and the Jianghan limit has no beams', at this time the words are choked up, slightly paused and continued to read, reading the last two lines 'If someone sighs for me, they pity me, not my sorrow', the teacher took off his glasses, tears flowed down his cheeks, suddenly closed the book, walked out of the classroom quickly, leaving the room full of shock ..."
Qi Bangyuan also recalled another "weird" move by Mr. Zhu. It was a late autumn season, the fallen leaves drifted from the wind, and one after another yellow leaves covered the Zhujiayuan Dam, and several students went to the gentleman's house to have tea at this time and asked, seeing this scene, a student was kind enough to clean up the dead branches and leaves for the teacher, Zhu Guangqian immediately stopped it, saying that he had waited for a long time to accumulate so many layers of fallen leaves, and swept them away, how could he hear "the sound of the rain falling and the wind rolling up" at night. Wordsworth's poem strikes at the softness of Zhu Guangqian's heart, and the fallen leaves of Zhu Jiayuan Dam are the poetic dwellings of mourning. Poetry and wine at the same time run through Zhu Guangqian's life, which is indispensable in his life, although he does not chant much, and he has never been madly drunk.
Feng Yuxiang invited him to have a drink with Zhu Ziqing
On September 15, 1948, Hu Shi, president of Peking University, and the guests attending Tagore's exhibition took a photo in front of the Hall of the People. Fifth Xu Beihong on the right in the front row, Six Hu Shi on the right, Ji Xianlin on the left, Li Jinxi on the left, zhu Guangqian on the left; Rao Yutai on the left, Zheng Tianting on the left, Feng Youlan on the left, Liao Jingwen on the left; Deng Guangming on the left in the third row
On October 19, 1940, Ye Shengtao came to Leshan, which happened to be Zhu Guangqian's 43rd birthday, and such a day was of course to drink a machine. Zhu Guangqian also invited Chen Yuan and Yang Renqi to dinner together. He opened a bottle of French brandy that had been preserved for nearly 10 years, and the European flavor was rarely slowly flowing in Gujia. However, the four of them are all good drinkers, and a bottle of wine is only for shallow drinking. On another occasion, Xiao Jun, a writer who also likes wine, came to Leshan to meet him, and Ye Shengtao joined in uninvited, except for talking about literature, the three of them had a beautiful drinking addiction. His old friend and painter Feng Zikai once held an exhibition in Leshan, Zhu Guangqian invited the Confucian master Ma Yifu to watch the exhibition together, after which he set up a banquet to entertain, and the banquet was also indispensable to fine wine, the three of them drank enough, after a good night's sleep, Ma Yifu left "in his hometown of dreams, the hometown is now his hometown." The painter should look back after drinking, and the impermanence of the world is always painted" verse to help Feng Zikai.
When he was in Leshan, Zhu Guangqian basically got rid of the administrative troubles, and his free time increased, and he often traveled to and from Chongqing, Chengdu and other places. Whenever he went to Chengdu to run errands, he would always go to his old friends to drink. These literati could make a long list: Xu Zhongshu, Ye Shengtao, Liu Yongji, Cheng Qianfan, Ye Lu, Meng Wentong, Gu Jiegang, Luo Niansheng, Wu Mi, Zhu Ziqing, Qian Mu and others were all guests. His wine name is probably not small, and he has also surpassed the small circle of literati, and once General Feng Yuxiang heard that he was in Chengdu, he invited him and Zhu Ziqing and others to eat wine.
In the poems he sang with his friends, he could always see the figure of wine flashing in the words. In 1943, his friend Xia Junzun, who had been friends with him for twenty years, ushered in a ruby marriage, and Xia Junzun wrote a poem of the Seven Laws to send to Ye Shengtao, And Ye immediately rhymed with one, and gave the second poem to Zhu Guangqian, who also inspired the poetry after reading it:
Twenty years after a long time, a good sentence came from the pearl circle.
Taste the victory of the cloud mud, Shang Xi Gao people fu hui quan.
The heart and the passing river forget the day and night, and the poem proves the qingyan from Zen enlightenment.
Recently, the wine has been as popular as before, when will the lake house be feasted again?
From the end of the poem, it can be inferred that at the edge of the White Horse Lake, he and his old friends gathered to buy vegetables and eat wine.
The classical lexicographer Liu Yongji was deeply admired by Zhu Guangqian, believing that his words "also take the strengths of the great lyricists since the Northern Song Dynasty, wash the lead, and show the deep beauty in the bones... The word of the world, there is no one to the right." In his poems by Fenghe Liu, he also has the words "The new poems have been changed from Chang Yin, and the flavor has recently become mellow in wine". In the few chants he traveled to Sichuan, he once again hid the traces of wine. It was also the Lunar New Year of that year, Chengdu cultural celebrity Li Jieren invited an elegant gathering, and many guests were great literati and professors in Chengdu, and most of these people were also people with fierce alcohol, Zhu Guangqian and Liu Yongji were also invited. On that occasion, they experienced a wonderful poetry and wine meeting in the Suburban villa of Li Jie in Chengdu, "Lingyao". During the banquet, Liu Yongji could not drink because he was unwell, and the crowd punished Liu for writing lyrics to help him. Zhu Guangqian did not read it wrong, Liu's poetry was indeed good. After a round of wine, he already had three "Huan Xi Sha" out loud, which praised the amount of wine of the kings: "Xijun drank all round round" and envied your happiness: "I see that people are drunk and have been impressed", and the last sentence "and press the wine cup to Jinge" is the most wonderful, telling the common situation of everyone, and also has a lot of similarities with the "idle" after Zhu Guang's potential Sichuan Liuyu career.
Biography——
Zhu Guangqian (1897-1986), a native of Tongcheng, Anhui. Aesthetician, literary theorist, educator, translator. He is a first-class professor at Peking University and a member of the Faculty of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. In 1937, he moved to Chengdu and served as the dean of the Faculty of Letters of the National Sichuan University, and in early 1939 he went to Leshan To teach at Wuhan University, leaving Sichuan in August 1946.