In July of the third year (744) of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's reign, He Zhizhang, who was hanging high tomorrow and had white hair, was lying on his sickbed, coughing continuously. The breeze blows outside the window, and the water of Mirror Lake ripples. Suddenly, he stopped coughing and had words in his mouth. His son He Fu leaned down to listen carefully, and it turned out that he was reading a poem he had recently composed: Leaving his hometown for many years, and recently people have been half-consumed. Only the mirror lake in front of the door, the spring wind does not change the old time wave.
As I read it, my voice became lower and lower, and gradually became inaudible.
In the fourth year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (659), He Zhizhang was born in Yongxing, Yuezhou (present-day Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang). He Zhizhang had a family ancestor named He Deren, a native of Shanyin, Yuezhou (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang). The eight He Deren brothers were all well-educated people, all known for their lexicography, known as the "Yingchuan Xun Clan" at that time, and the people of the time said: "Learning and practicing can be taught by He Deji, and the literary quality is polite and he Deren." ”
During the Sui Dynasty, He Deren was an aide to Yang Huan the Prince of Qi, and in the eleventh year of Daye, Yang Huan was offended, and many of the staff of the Qi Dynasty were exiled and killed, but He Deren was spared from his crimes with loyalty and was released to Hedong County as an official. Soon Li Yuan was transferred to the shanxi Hedong consolation ambassador, and He Deren and Li Jiancheng became friends. Li Yuan entered Chang'an, and He Deren became the crown prince to wash horses. In the ninth year of WuDe, Li Jiancheng was killed, and He Deren subsequently died of illness, and twenty volumes of the anthology were handed down.
In the first year of Emperor Gaozong's reign (666), He Zhizhang was seven years old, and the family moved from Yongxing to Shanyin. The purpose of moving is to contaminate the literary atmosphere of the He Deren family and learn the "Three Migrations of MengMu". Legend has it that when Mencius was a child, he first lived by the grave and learned to bury the dead man's blowing and beating, Meng Mu said, my child should not play the drummer in the future, so he moved, lived in a downtown area, learned the merchant's price barking, Meng Mu said, my child will not be a small trader in the future, so he moved again, came to the school, learned to Confucian concessions, Meng Mu said, my child will become a high official in the future. Mencius grew up and became a generation of masters.
Therefore, what a person becomes, the environment is very important. Now many people leave their hometowns, drift from the village to the big city, and drift away, just to create a good environment for children to become talents, which can be called modern Mengmu.
Under the influence of the San'in He clan, He Zhizhang made rapid progress, and he was famous for his literary words at a young age. At that time, there were four major families in Jiangnan, Zhu Zhang LuGu, He Zhizhang, a clan aunt married the inspector Yushi Lu Yuanfang, gave birth to a child, a year older than He Zhizhang, named Lu Jingchu, Lu Jingchu and He Zhizhang had a very good relationship. He Zhizhang was open-minded and frank in nature, and liked to talk about the past and the present, and Lu Jingchu often told people that Brother He was a gentleman with a gentleman's remarks. I've been away from others for a long time, and I don't care. But if you don't see Brother He for a day, you will be stingy.
Confucius said, "Classmates cannot be the same; they can be the same, but they cannot share the same power." Although He Zhizhangwen knew it, Lu Jingchu passed the jinshi examination early and successively served as a lieutenant in Yangzhou and Luoyang County. In the first year of Wu Zhou's reign (695), Lu Yuanfang became an official and vigorously selected pro-party officials. Someone impeached him for colluding with the party for personal gain, and Wu Zetian was indignant and dismissed him, handling his daily work as a white-clad person, and Lu Yuanfang recommended him as before. Wu Zetian asked, why don't you cherish the opportunity? Lu Yuanfang said, Confucius knows, Ju'er knows. I am more familiar with my relatives and friends, I know that they are talented, and I don't know about others. If I recommend a mediocre talent, you can punish me. Wu Zetian's investigation did indeed get the people he lifted, so he stopped.
It was also in this year that the 30-year-old He Zhizhang passed the jinshi examination. The reason why he was able to pass the exam was that his friend Lu Jingchu said good things to him in front of his father. He Zhizhang first conferred the four doctors of Guozi, which was operated by Lu Yuanfang. The Doctor is a scholar who specializes in teaching Wang's grandchildren. According to the practice of the Tang Dynasty, the jinshi generally had to go down to the grass-roots level to exercise first, serve as a county lieutenant or the chief bookkeeper, and then promote them as appropriate after doing a good job. For example, lu jing entered the military in the initial examination, and he started from the county lieutenant. However, Lu Jingchu knew that although He Zhizhang was highly learned, he liked to brag and was not suitable for dealing with complicated and mundane affairs, and was only suitable for teaching and educating people, so he got him a scholar.
In the second year of Emperor Jingyun of Tang Ruizong (711), Lu Jingchu became the prime minister. Li Dan said happily, since you can have your father's achievements (Lu Yuanfang served as prime minister twice in the Wuzhou Dynasty), I hope you can also have your father's virtuousness (Lu Yuanfang is known for his virtuousness). One year, when the house in Luoyang was sold, the price was negotiated, and Lu Yuanfang told the buyer that my house was good anywhere, that is, there was no place to go out of the water. When the buyer heard about it, he didn't buy it. The children complained one after another, and Lu Yuanfang said, if you don't tell people, this is fraud), so he gave the name Lu Xiangxian. Lu Xiang first became the prime minister, and then gave He Zhizhang a doctor who was too often.
Dr. Taichang and Dr. Kuniko Simen are of similar rank, both under the management of Taichang Temple, but the work content is different. Dr. Kuniko Simen is responsible for teaching the children of officials, and Dr. Taichang is responsible for rituals and ceremonies. Li Chunfeng did Dr. Taichang during the Zhenguan years, and Han Yuyuan did the Guozi Simen Doctor during the years.
In the eleventh year of the new century (723), Li Longji established the Lizheng Academy, appointed the chancellor Zhang Shu as an envoy to repair books, and compiled the Six Classics and other books. The "Six Classics" means the six laws of governing the country, and Li Longji personally wrote six articles as an outline of the book, namely: theory code, the teaching code, the ceremonial code, the political code, the criminal code, and the affair code. Zhang said that he recruited the secretary Xu Jian, the doctor of Taichang, He Zhizhang, the inspector of Yushi Zhao Dongxi, and other literary scholars to be admitted to the hospital. He Zhizhang was 57 years old. That is to say, He Zhizhang taught books for more than twenty years and was a teacher for half a lifetime.
Teaching is hard. Poor, lonely, with no hope in sight. At the same time as He Zhizhang, there was a teacher named Xue Lingzhi, who specialized in teaching the prince Li Heng, and his life was cold and quiet, and his food was very poor and he did not have enough to eat. Teacher Xue felt very bad about himself, so he sent a few grumblings and wrote them on the wall: Asahi is in a group, and he sees Mr. Pan. Plate ho all, alfalfa on the railing. The rice spoon is difficult to roll, and the soup is thin and wide. I can only spend the day and night, why spend the cold (every day the sun rises to shine on my empty plate, hungry I only have a few yards of alfalfa climbing the railing day by day. The rice was not delicious, and the soup could not be swallowed. It can only make ends meet, not develop for a long time).
Li Longji took time out of his busy schedule one day to care about the prince's studies, and when he saw this poem, he was furious and continued a few sentences: the distance between the woodpeckers is long, and the phoenix feathers are short. If you are suspicious of Pine Gui Cold, Ren Zhi Sang Yu Warm (woodpecker beak tip hair long, phoenix bird beak blunt hair short. If you think that I am not treated well here, you will always hurry up and find another high, my temple can not afford to raise a big god). Teacher Xue saw that this book could not be taught, so he had to take sick leave and resign and return to his hometown. After Emperor Suzong of Tang (i.e., the crown prince) ascended the throne, he sent someone to invite Teacher Xue to come back and enjoy a few days of happiness, not wanting to die of illness.
Reading with the prince is still like this, and teaching other students can be imagined. He Zhizhang could not see hope in the temple, "endure to see his peers become upstarts", from childhood to study together has long been mixed into the prime minister, he is still a poor teacher, the gap between people is so large, had to go to the rivers and lakes to find Zhiyin, every day with a group of city gangsters drinking and bragging, Du Fu said that he "Zhizhang riding like a boat, dazzled by the bottom of the well to sleep." Riding a horse is like riding a boat, swinging all day, drunk and falling into a well, and falling asleep. Drinking together has a person named Jiao Sui, "drinking five buckets of fang Zhuoran, talking eloquently and shockingly." He Zhizhang also gave himself a nickname, called "Siming Fanatic". Siming is his hometown of Siming Mountain.
The word "madness" comes from the Analects of the Zilu: "Zi Yue, do not be in the middle and go with it, and you must also be crazy!" The madman is enterprising, and the cunning is not doing anything. This means that if a person does not achieve results by taking the right path, he can only go to the side door and attract people's attention in a frenzied manner. Madness is wanton, and arrogance is self-exaltation. Teacher Kong is worthy of being the originator of the teacher, which can be described as one word. Crazy people are like troublemakers, always hoping to attract the attention of the teacher with unusual actions. The fox is like a child who is immersed in hard work, always hoping to get a good score on the test.
During he Zhizhang's teaching, he composed "Looking at people's peach and plum flowers" to Ming Zhi: Mountain source night rain crossing immortal home, towards the East Garden peach and plum flowers. The peach blossoms are red and the plums are white, and the corners of the city are burned to the south. Nan Mo Qing Lou twelve heavy, spring wind peach plum for who tolerates. Abandoning thousands of gold and ignoring them, the five horses meet each other. In vain, the southern country Ronghua was late, so he sighed that the West Family had drifted far away. The long bong Ming Guang Hall, the atmosphere is half into the Phi Xiang Garden. In the garden, Zhenmu Yuan is self-evident, and gold is used as a leaf and silver branch. Thousands of years do not wither, but also peach and plum more suitable. Tao Li has never been exposed to the well, and has become a shadow and a bright sun. Mo Dao spring flowers can not be trees, will hold the immortal real recommended king.
Tao Li does not speak, and the next is a mystery. I have trained so many talents for the country, why doesn't the king promote me? Look at me look at me look at me.
In the twelfth year of the new century (724), He Zhizhang came to run.
In this year, Li Longji decided to go to Mount Taishan to seal Zen, and asked Zhang to form a team to draft the zen sealing ceremony and correct the old ritual that was not suitable for the time. Zhang said that the team of the group was the lizheng academy shu shu gang. He Zhizhang is Dr. Taichang, and it is his profession to engage in sacrifices, so many specific rituals require him to provide advice. Since there were five emperors in the heavens (the Yellow Emperor of the Central Heavenly Emperor, the Qing Emperor of the Eastern Heavenly Emperor, the Red Emperor of the Southern Heavenly Emperor, the White Emperor of the Western Heavenly Emperor, and the Black Emperor of the Northern Heavenly Emperor), Li Longji only wanted to worship one, so he asked He Zhizhang. He Zhizhang said that there was only one boss in the heavens, that is, the Haotian God (that is, the Central Yellow Emperor), and as for the other four emperors, they were all subordinates of the Haotian God. Although the emperor is the same, the monarch is a different position. Therefore, only you can go up to the mountain to worship the Haotian God, and the group of courtiers can worship the other four emperors at the bottom of the mountain.
Li Longji was very happy when he heard it, Lao He, you said that my heart was stuck, and I thought the same thing, so I asked you.
In the thirteenth year of the new century (725), Li Longji changed the Lizheng Academy into the JixianDian Academy, and He Zhizhang, who was nearly 60 years old, was appointed as a rebbe attendant and a scholar of the Jixian Academy. Zai Xiangyuan Qianyao asked Zhang, who was also a scholar of the Jixian Academy and presided over the daily work of the Jixian Academy, saying that He Gong had two officials at once, which was enough to be favored, but I wanted to know which was better, the bachelor or the waiter? Zhang said that the waiter is doing specific work, and the bachelor is passing on the way of the previous king, and each has its own advantages.
In March of that year, He Zhizhang was proud of the spring breeze, went out to play, saw the green willows, and wrote a poem: jasper makeup into a tree high, ten thousand hanging green silk. I don't know who cut the fine leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors.
A century-old tree has finally taken on new branches.
In the twenty-third year of the new century (735), Li Bai entered Chang'an from Shu and stayed in a hotel, and He Zhizhang, who was then the prince's attendant, heard of his name for a long time, so he molested himself and went to the hotel to see him. He Zhizhang was not only amazed by Li Bai's aura, but also sighed at Li Bai's poetry, saying that you are a god who has been degraded by the heavens, so you "dissolve the golden turtle for wine, and pour out drunk." The golden turtle was supposed to be a goldfish, a keepsake worn by Tang Dynasty officials, equivalent to a work permit. The golden turtle was only used for a while during the Wu Zhou Period, and later changed to a goldfish. The names of goldfish of senior officials above five pins are engraved, and officials below five pins are not engraved with names. In "The Twelve Hours of Chang'an", He Zhizhang's friend Jiao Sui was killed and the goldfish was snatched away. Therefore, Xie Jingui did not really exchange his work permit for wine, but showed his work permit to prove his identity and had a meal on credit with the store.
After He Zhizhang's death, Li Bai wrote a poem recalling the first meeting between the two: He Gong, a guest of the crown prince, met Yu at the Ziji Palace in Chang'an, and called Yu "Who Immortal", because of the exchange of wine for pleasure by the golden turtle. After the death, he has a nostalgia for the wine, and the composition is a poem: Siming has a madman, and the wind and flow are he Jizhen. When Chang'an saw each other, he called me an immortal. Once a good cup of contents, turn into pine dust. The golden turtle changed the wine, but remembered the tears.
He Zhizhang "The late festival is especially let go, every drunk must compose words, line grass, time and strange, so that wake up and return to the book, may not be Er also." Confucius said that after seventy years, a person can "do as he pleases without exceeding the rules", which is He Zhizhang.
In the third year of Tianbao (744), the 85-year-old He Zhizhang fell seriously ill and almost died, and when he woke up, he resigned with Li Longji and wanted to go home. The fallen leaves return to the roots, and the wanderer thinks of his hometown. Li Longji listened to the grief, but did not force him to stay, and sent them with the crown prince and the hundred officials of civil and military affairs, and personally wrote a send-off poem: Entering the Dao during the period of honor, resigning the old man and even smoking hairpins. He who is not hesitant to be virtuous is like a noble heart. The secret is in the middle of the world, and the outside is scattered. Unique green door, the group of heroes are not deep.
Li Longji asked him what else he wanted, and he said, I have a son, I haven't named it yet, you give one. Li Longji said that life is in the world, integrity is the first, the fu, the faith also. Your son's name is Hefu. He Zhizhang went home happily.
In the late autumn of that year, the leaves fell to zero, and He Zhizhang rode a skinny donkey and took his son on the way home. In the early spring of the following year, I returned to my hometown after more than fifty years of absence, and I was already a person. He Zhizhang met two children in the middle of the road, inquired about the location of the old house in the township, and the child pointed it out to him and asked, Grandpa, where are you from.
He Zhizhang returned home and wrote a poem casually: The young man left home and returned to the old man, and the township voice did not change his sideburns. Children don't know each other, laughing and asking where the guests come from.
When He Zhizhang was dying, he suddenly remembered something and told his son that the emperor was making fun of me. I am a Wu person, and the Fu character is a claw word with a sub-word underneath. He named my son Fu, didn't he call you He Paw?
After the words were finished, he died of illness.
The Tang Dynasty was a turning point in the inheritance of Chinese civilization in the past and the opening up of the future, and it was also a turning point in the leisurely culture of the Chinese nation, after the Tang Dynasty, the Chinese civilization turned from external to introverted, and began to live a small life behind closed doors. However, Sheng Tang's broad and powerful momentum of accommodating the whole world, vast and all directions, told us how not to think of him.
Tang Dynasty men were brave and heroic, and their ambitions soared; Tang Dynasty women dared to love and dare to hate, and did not let their eyebrows be raised. They straddled their three-foot swords, raised a glass to invite Mingyue, and shouted "Why don't boys take Wu hooks and collect Guanshan Fifty Prefectures"; they wear men's clothes, draw thick eyebrows, play polo, drink spirits, and shout "When the flowers can be folded, they must be folded, and there is no need to fold the branches without flowers."
Huanghuang history, redundant and noisy. There is a positive history, there is a wild history. The main historical records are lost to the desire to say that they are still hugh, and the wild history records are lost to hearsay. Many historical figures are limited by knowledge and cannot read through the New Book of Tang and the Old Book of Tang, so that they cannot understand the vivid and real Tang Dynasty, which cannot be said to be a pity.
Fortunately, this regret was perfectly filled by "This Tang Dynasty Is Too Interesting". This set of books is The master's degree student of the History Department of Wuhan University, Cheng Donglin, wrote in imitation of popular history, and he has always adhered to the writing tenet of "history itself is wonderful, history can be written very well", and the boring and complicated history is written with great fun, the words are exquisite, the language is witty, people love it, and they want to read it in one breath. If you want to understand the Ming Dynasty, there is "Those Things of the Ming Dynasty" by Mingyue that year; if you want to understand the Tang Dynasty, there is Shi Chengdonglin's "This Tang Dynasty is Too Interesting".
Humor is the gene of this book, funny is the best play of this book, this book can not guarantee, how much your stomach will laugh after reading it. The original price of four books is 192, the event price is only 138, and one book is less than 35 yuan, which is particularly cost-effective. Click on the image below to purchase directly.
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