In the management of grape planting, a series of complex and time-consuming measures are required to prevent problems such as flower and fruit fall, seeding, shoot control, and secondary fruiting. However, in addition to strict implementation of standardization and standardized management, plant growth regulators play a vital role in this process. Here are some of the key management aspects and applications of growth regulators.
First, the control tip
Shoot control is an important part of grape management, which can be controlled through normal topping and bud wiping, but also with the help of growth retardation inhibitors such as arthrochlor. Arthrothramine, also known as promethine or methylpiperanium, can be used 2-3 days before flowering until flowering at a concentration of 500-750mg/L. By spraying the whole plant, it can effectively inhibit the vigorous growth of grape branches, improve the fruit setting rate of each variety, replace the use of fruit preservatives, and reduce the risk of thickening and astringency of the peel. It should be noted that other growth regulators such as paclobutrazol (PP333) and chlormequat (CCC) are not recommended because they are easy to cause problems such as fruit size, delayed ripening, and quality degradation.
Second, latte art, fruit preservation
In different varieties, the application of latte art conditioner also needs to be selected according to the specific situation. Early-maturing varieties and some summer varieties are suitable for latte art, while late-maturing varieties need to be used with caution. The use period is generally 6-8 leaves in the new shoots, 25-30 cm long, and the concentration needs to be adjusted according to the variety and use period. Commonly used agents include gibberellin, Bihu, antibody, Qibao, etc., among which Qibao (gibberellin) is widely used.
3. Denuclearization
By treating the ears with "92O", more than 90% of the grapes of seeded varieties can be seedless and mature 15-20 days earlier. The treatment needs to use the "92O" solution, soak the ears or spray, note that the concentration may need to be adjusted for different varieties. For some specific varieties, specific denuclearization techniques are recommended to improve yield and quality.
Fourth, swelling
The expansion treatment is suitable for almost all grape varieties, but it is necessary to pay attention to factors such as the level of management, the size of the spike, etc. The recommended treatment time is 1 or 2 times after flowering, and the specific treatment concentration and recipe need to be adjusted according to the variety. In the bulking treatment, adding an appropriate amount of calcium fertilizer can prevent the risk of fruit cracks. Gardens of different varieties and management levels should be carefully selected for the use of bulking agents.
5. Mature early
In order to bring the fruit to market earlier and improve the quality, the use of agents such as PBO can be sprayed regularly after flowering to promote the development of flowers and fruits and improve the quality. The specific concentration and frequency of use need to be adjusted according to the variety and growing environment to achieve the best results.
Sixth, improve quality
The use of agents such as uniconazole (S3307), ABA and thiazuron can be used to treat the fruit panicles in the early stage of ripening, thereby increasing the coloration rate and soluble sugar content of the fruit, and improving the taste and quality. It is necessary to choose the appropriate agent and concentration according to the variety.
7. Improve storage resistance
The grapes can be treated with GA3 and 2,4-D to significantly improve the freshness of the grapes. The specific treatment method involves soaking the fruit ears in a medicinal solution to increase the pressure tolerance of the fruit and the tensile strength of the fruit stem.
In general, grape planting management needs to comprehensively consider factors such as growth environment, variety characteristics and management level, and the scientific and rational use of growth regulators can increase yield, improve quality, mature early, and provide feasible technical support for grape production.