One
It is said that Zhang Ailing, the family is prominent, glorious, aristocratic.
However, Zhang Ailing said,
"I didn't catch up to see them, so the relationship with them only belongs to each other, they just lie quietly in my blood, and die again when I die."
I love them.
And Zhang Zijing, the younger brother of Zhang Ailing's mother, said so,
"In previous articles evaluating my sister, more or less they would have mentioned her illustrious family lineage.
Our grandfather Zhang Peilun, the guangxu official to the Duchayuan Attendant Deputy Dushi, was a key figure in the "Qingliu Party"; our grandmother Li Jing (Ju Coupling) was the eldest daughter of Li Hongzhang.
The Matrilineal Huang Family - huang Yisheng, the first Admiral of the Yangtze River,
And the sun family of the later matriarch, Sun Baoqi, who was the premier of the Beiyang government,
They all had an indirect or direct impact on my sister. ”
This is the sisters and brothers' views on their ancestors and families, which must be different from outsiders, so what do outsiders think?
Let's start with the diagram here
Looking at the picture, is it clear at a glance?
Then, according to this diagram, we will talk about Zhang Ailing's family.
Look, as I wrote in the title, starting from Li Hongzhang, one is not as good as the other, to her Zhang Ailing, only one guest died elsewhere.
How was Zhang Ailing's aristocratic status called up by people?
I think it's all because of Li Hongzhang.
Without Li Hongzhang, a powerful great-grandfather, I am afraid that no one would recognize Zhang Ailing's aristocratic blood.
Therefore, let's start with Li Hongzhang.
Two
In Zhang Ailing's family, Li Hongzhang is her great-grandfather and the most prosperous figure in Zhang Ailing's family.
Then, from him on, the members of their family, began to be one less than the other.
Li Hongzhang's grandfather, there is no record in history, and even the age of birth and death cannot be found, which is also reflected from the side:
There is nothing outstanding about this person's life.
Therefore, it is not worth being recorded in history.
To put it bluntly, just an ordinary person, if there is no Li Hongzhang, it is estimated that no one knows who he is.
The only place that barely counts as a brilliant place is Li Hongzhang's grandfather, who took in a girl with smallpox in his early years.
In those days, smallpox represented life and death.
The disease is also contagious, so the poor family has no way, so they throw their children on the side of the road and let God pity them.
Luckily, you can get back half a life, unfortunately, and die.
And Li Hongzhang's grandfather, who just knew a little about medical skills, actually saved this little girl who was abandoned by her parents, and also raised her at home and became an adopted daughter.
After he was raised, he made his son Li Wen'an a daughter-in-law, and became Li Hongzhang's mother.
I want to say that in fact, it has been calculated early, and it is a long-term investment (daughter-in-law).
Li Hongzhang's father, Li Wen'an.
In Li Hongzhang's grandfather's cultivation and reading heirloom, the cold window read hard, and finally let the Li family embark on the road, and the lintel of the door shines.
However, he was relatively late-mature, and it was not until he was 33 years old that he passed the examination.
Then, after another 4 years, at the age of 37, high school junior.
Fortunately, not only was he a high school scholar, but he was also on the same list as Zeng Guofan (1811--1872).
Zeng Guofan was only 27 years old at the time, a full 10 years younger than him.
However, for the Li family, it is not too late,
Ever since Li Hongzhang's father entered the army in high school, he made the Li family, a middle-class peasant family, "rise up with kejia overnight, and become a noble family in Lu County."
Li Wen'an is the "initiator" of this family who went out of Anhui, to the official field, to the capital, and to the prosperity of the family.
It is said that he is also the only jinshi in the first seven generations of the Li family with genealogical records.
All this has paved the way for Li Hongzhang to shine.
Not only that, Li Hongzhang's father, because he had this "same year" relationship with Zeng Guofan.
In the future, he also received a lot of help and promotion from Zeng Guofan.
Li Wen'an also did one of the greatest contributions to the future family, that is, from an early age, he arranged for his two sons, Li Hanzhang and Li Hongzhang, to visit Zeng as a teacher and learn from him the "study of the scriptures".
Sure enough, in the future, Li Hongzhang and his brother Li Hanzhang, walking the rivers and lakes, unashamedly called themselves Zeng Guofan students.
After Li Wen'an entered the army, he first served as an official in the Punishment Department.
The colleague was Lin Ruzhou (1814-1861), the eldest son of Lin Zexu (1785-1850).
Later, he also served as a divisional officer in charge of Guangxi, Fengtian, and Shanxi in the ministry, supervised the Prison Department and the Autumn Trial Office, the chief of Sichuan, Yunnan Yuanwailang, and the superintendent of the Capture Division Langzhong, and recorded the name Yushi.
In 1855, Li Wen'an, who had been fighting the Taiping Army for three years, suddenly fell ill and died in the regimental training office at the age of 54.
After his death, he was given a pension by the case of illness in the prefect's military camp and was posthumously given to the Taoist.
First, he gave it to senior political doctors, generals, and generals of Jianwei, and then to Ronglu doctors, Guanglu doctors, and Tongfeng doctors.
In the Middle Temple, a special shrine was built, and the eunuchs' military achievements were announced to the National History Museum.
At this point, he has completed his glorious and arduous life as Li Hongzhang's father.
It has laid an incomparably solid foundation for Li Hongzhang's soaring huang Tengda.
Three
When Li Wen'an died, Li Hongzhang was 32 years old.
Like his father, he did the work of suppressing and killing the Taiping Army and the Twist Army, and was out fighting and killing all day long, planning and planning.
He also led the regiment he had formed to practice the merits of recovering Luzhou, and "was ordered to hand over the name of the military aircraft department for use by the Provincial Government."
However, in his bones, Li Hongzhang is still a student.
He also studied better than his father, and he was a talent at the age of 17 and a man at the age of 21.
Because of the relationship between his father and Zeng Guofan "in the same year". Therefore, from the very beginning, he naturally lived in the mansion of Zeng Guofan in the capital and was taught by Zeng Guofan.
After making great progress in school, there was no suspense at the age of 24, high school entry.
He was 13 years earlier than his father, and even 3 years earlier than Zeng Guofan. This is what a widow can teach, and the future life is terrible.
Li Hongzhang, who was a junior in the ranks, was awarded the title of Shu Jishi of the Hanlin Academy.
At the same time, he was formally trained under the discipline of Zeng Guofan and emphasized the study of the scriptures.
Three years later, he entered the Hanlin Academy, and was taught the editing of the Hanlin Academy and the editing of the Chongwu Ying Hall.
In 1853, the 30-year-old Li Hongzhang was sent to his hometown of Hefei to assist Lü Xianji, a waiter in the Ministry of Works, in handling the anhui regimental exercises.
In the battlefield of northern Anhui, he coordinated and fought side by side with Zhang Yintang, who would become a pro-family family in the future, and formed an extraordinary revolutionary friendship.
In December of the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the 36-year-old Li Hongzhang went to Jianchang, Jiangxi, and entered the shogunate of Zeng Guofan, responsible for drafting documents.
He became a colleague with Zuo Zongtang (1812-1885).
Follow Zeng Guofan and learn to be a man, learn to smelt, fight wars, deal with things, and so on.
In 1862, the 39-year-old Li Hongzhang, on the verge of danger, was ordered to take the recruited Huai Army with the help of Zeng Guofan, with 9,000 people in 13 battalions.
Garrison Shanghai to resist the Taiping Army's attack.
At the same time, he was also recommended by Zeng Guofan to be appointed as the Inspector of Jiangsu.
Li Hongzhang, who led the troops to fight for the first time, was full of ambition, exhausted, and did not dare to slacken off at all.
After 2 years of conquest, together with Zeng Guofan's Xiang army, they captured Tianjing and destroyed the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
At this time, Li Hongzhang, who was almost successful in his achievements, was already 41 years old, and was honorably awarded the title of first-class Su Yibo and was rewarded with a twinkle in his eye.
However, only 2 years later, in 1866, due to the ineffectiveness of Zeng Guofan's overseer's suppression of the Twist army, the imperial court changed the order of the 43-year-old Li Hongzhang as the Minister of Chincha to take over the affairs of the Twister.
Then, in the following year, Li Hongzhang, 44, was promoted to another level and became the governor of Huguang.
I don't understand, why is the strategy of the imperial court to employ people like this?
Four
After 3 years of bitter fighting, the 46-year-old Li Hongzhang finally suppressed the Xituo Army, was rewarded with the title of Prince Taibao, and was awarded the viceroy of Huguang to assist in the university.
Since then, Li Hongzhang has taken the "high-speed rail" all the way up and all the way to glory.
Moreover, he also took over the old teacher Zeng Guofan to handle the Tianjin teaching case.
Finally, due to the successful mediation of the Tianjin teaching case, he was transferred to the viceroy directly under him, and at the same time, he also served as the minister of trade and commerce of Beiyang.
More glorious than old grace.
Then, Li Hongzhang began to lay out "business".
He first acquired the Shanghai Hongkou Meishang Qiji Iron Factory, expanded the Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau, Jinling Machinery Bureau, and took over the Tianjin Machinery Bureau.
Then, he founded a series of civil enterprises such as Hebei Cizhou Coal and Iron Mine, Jiangxi Xingguo, Shandong Yixian, Hubei Guangji Coal Mine, Kaiping Mining Bureau, Shanghai Machine Weaving Layout, Tianjin, Shanghai Telegraph General Bureau, Tangxu, Jingu Railway, Mohe Gold Mine, Rehe Sidaogou Copper Mine, Sanshan Lead and Silver Mine, Shanghai Huasheng Textile General Factory, etc.
I can't say it all in one breath.
In 1885, Li Hongzhang, who was already 62 years old, founded the Beiyang Marine Division.
At this time, Li Hongzhang was completely trusted by the Qing government, especially Empress Dowager Cixi.
He began to fully represent the Qing government, signed nearly 30 unequal treaties, and at the same time, behind the glory, he was saddled with the name of traitor.
Like what:
The Sino-British Yantai Treaty of 1876, the Sino-French Concise Provisions of the Conference in 1884, the Sino-Japanese Treaty of Tianjin in 1885, and the Sino-French New Treaty.
In 1895, on the basis of the "Tianjin Treaty" signed 10 years ago, it was forced to sign the Sino-Japanese "Maguan Treaty" and "Liaonan Treaty" with the Japanese.
The loss of power humiliated the country to the bone.
In 1896, Li Hongzhang was 74 years old. Seventy years of life are rare. Wear flowers butterflies deeply seen.
This year, Li Hongzhang signed 3 treaties in a row:
Sino-German "Jiao-Macao Lend-Lease Treaty", "Jiao-Macao Lend-Lease Treaty", "Sino-Russian Secret Treaty".
Two years later, in June 1898, Li Hongzhang signed the penultimate treaty of his life: the Sino-British Treaty on Expanding the Boundary Sites of Hong Kong.
The old man cried bitterly.
What he didn't know, however, was that 3 years later, there was still a treaty waiting for him.
In 1901, at the age of 79, Li Hongzhang finally signed the last treaty of his life, the Treaty of Xinugu.
When he signed back, he gulped blood.
"Purple-black, with large chunks", "sputum cough, diet is not entered", was diagnosed with rupture of gastric blood vessels.
He died in Beijing.
After hearing that Li Hongzhang had died, Cixi's tears flowed down on the spot.
say:
"The big picture is undecided, and if there is an accident, no one will share it anymore."
Praised Li Hongzhang as the "re-creation of Xuan Huang" person.
He was given the title of Marquis of the First Rank and Emperor Wenzhong of the Jin Dynasty, and was given silver 5,000 taels of silver to bereavement, and 10 shrines were built in his native and Meritorious Provinces, and the Jingshi Ancestral Hall was regularly sacrificed by local officials.
The Qing Dynasty Han official Jing Shi Jian Ancestral Hall was the only one.
The reputation of the Li family reached its peak and reached the end, and at this point, the Li family no longer had such brilliance.
Five
Li Hongzhang's sons, three; daughters, two.
Compared with Li Hongzhang, he has not left any influence in history.
The eldest daughter, Li Ju coupling, is Zhang Ailing's maternal grandmother.
If it were not for Zhang Ailing's future fame, it is estimated that no one would know who Li Hongzhang's daughter was.
However, at that time, Li Ju coupled, as a female Taoist family, could not do anything important through heaven and earth.
It can only be known for her husband after marriage and her father and brother at home.
Li Ju coupling, that is, with his father being Li Hongzhang and her husband being Zhang Peilun, she became a well-known celebrity at that time.
However, her real fame is because of Zhang Ailing's fame in the future, and she was excavated and famous.
Li Ju's mother, whose name is Zhao Xiaolian; Li Ju's grandfather, whose name is Zhao Fu.
Zhao Yan, as Li Hongzhang's father-in-law, was also born into the Jinshi, and was also praised by the locals - the Taihu Yimen Four Jinshi:
Zhao's father, Zhao Wenkai, Zhao Jiyuan, Zhao Jiyuan, zhao Jiyuan's son, and zhao Zengzhong, the fourth generation of jinshi, also entered the Shuchangguan.
The 34-year-old Zhao Fu was elected as a Shu Jishi of Hanlin Yuan after passing the entrance examination.
In 1853, the 45-year-old Zhao Yan and the 30-year-old Li Hongzhang became colleagues and accompanied Yuan Jiasan and the deputy regiment to train defense and suppression, and helped the military."
At this time, Zhao Yan's official position was the prefect of Guangdong, and he was soon promoted to the rank of Daoist assistant to train in the regiment.
But no one expected that 10 years later, the two would form a family.
In December 1863, the 55-year-old Zhao Yan assigned his 26-year-old daughter Zhao Xiaolian to Li Hongzhang, who was then the governor of Jiangsu, as the stepmother of Li Hongzhang, who was 41 years old.
(Li Hongzhang was originally born in 1821 and died in 1861).
The year before, the 54-year-old Zhao Yan had resigned from his official post and returned to Li, lecturing at an Anqing Jingshi Academy.
After another 13 years, he died in Anqing at the age of 69.
Six
After talking about Zhang Ailing's great-grandfather Li Hongzhang's family, next, we will talk about Zhang Ailing's grandfather family, grandfather Zhang Peilun.
In Zhang Ailing's paternal lineage, the most glorious figure is even Zhang Peilun.
The reason why Zhang Peilun is glorious and famous is also because of Li Hongzhang.
Zhang Peilun was born in 1848 and died in 1903, only 55 years old, very not long-
Our brother Pei Lun, 22 years old, 23 years old, 27 years old, ranked second class third, promoted to speak,
Speaking of living officials on a full day.
In terms of learning, he and his future father-in-law, Li Hongzhang, have a fight.
Perhaps, this is the reason why Li Hongzhang looks up to him and is willing to marry his daughter to him.
As a scholar, Zhang Peilun witnessed the deepening of foreign troubles, "tired of Chen Jingguo's great politics", generous and good at discussing the affairs of the world, and Zhang Zhidong, Chen Baochen and others were the main generals of Qingliu at that time.
At the age of 34, Zhang Peilun was the left deputy capital of the Imperial Household.
In response to France's invasion of Vietnam and coveting China's frontiers, more than a dozen chapters were played, advocating resistance to France.
In 1884, the Sino-French War began, and Zhang Peilun fought. He was appointed to handle fujian maritime affairs with the title of sanpinqing, and concurrently served as the minister of shipping administration.
In July, French warships invaded Mawei Harbor and launched an attack, the Fujian Marine Division was destroyed, and the Mawei Shipyard was destroyed.
Zhang Peilun, 36, was dismissed.
Sent to the military platform to serve atonement for sins, sent to Chahar Chakhandra Sea, Zhangjiakou and other places, the second wife was at this time, fell ill and died.
For the first time in my life, I suffered a setback.
However, who would have thought that it was really a misfortune to rely on a blessing in disguise.
Four years later, Zhang Peilun, who was 40 years old, was released and rejoined Li Hongzhang.
There was a great "blessing" waiting for him.
Because this time, unlike the last time, not only did he learn a lot of li hongzhang's knowledge, but also married Li Hongzhang's 21-year-old daughter Li Ju couple.
Strangely, Li Hongzhang and Li Hongzhang's daughter do not dislike him for being old and old and still married for the second time?
It seems that men who are talented (and today are rich) are real men.
After marrying Li Hongzhang's younger daughter, Zhang Peilun has lived in the Xiangguo Mansion of his father-in-law Li Hongzhang since then.
With the little lady who is 20 years younger than him, he lived a happy and happy "poetry and wine life".
If it were not the Japanese who came to make trouble, Zhang Peilun may have lived happily for the rest of his life.
Unfortunately, after only 6 years of happiness, China and Japan began to fight.
The 46-year-old Zhang Peilun was impeached by Yushi Duanliang for interfering in official affairs and was expelled back to his hometown.
It can't be said that it is not a "thunderbolt on a sunny day".
Even the old father-in-law could not "vouch for it.". He had no choice but to take Li Hongzhang's daughter Li Ju coupling and leave the Xiang Mansion miserably.
On the way south, passing through Nanjing, I suddenly felt that the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties was different, and the scenery was different.
So, don't go. Expatriates live in Nanjing.
In 1900, the Eight-Power Alliance captured Dagukou.
Zhang Peilun, who was still patriotic, was anxious to "cough up blood and raise promises" and "tired of painting the qin wang and rongzhi strategy".
In February of the following year, his father-in-law Li Hongzhang sponsored him to accompany him to the peace treaty, so Zhang Peilun went north to enter Li Mu, but resigned from the official title.
It's also very high.
After the peace treaty was completed, Li Hongzhang sponsored Zhang Peilun, and the Qing court used it as a sipin Jingtang, but Zhang Peilun insisted on resigning.
At this time, it is really clear.
Three years later, on the seventh day of the first month of 1903, our brother Pei Lun died of illness in Nanjing, at the age of 55.
He lived only 2 years longer than Li Hongzhang (who died of illness in 1901).
Leaving his beloved wife Li Ju coupled, he was only 36 years old. His son Zhang Zhiyi is 7 years old, and his daughter Zhang Maoyuan is only 2 years old.
Seven
Zhang Peilun has been married three times and has three sons and a daughter.
Originally, Zhu Zhiqian (?-- 1879) had two sons: the eldest son Zhang Zhicang (who died early) and the second son Zhang Zhiqian.
Ji murobian Chuyu (?--1886), during Zhang Peilun's exile, fell ill and died childless.
After marrying Li Jurong, she gave birth to a son and a daughter, namely Zhang Zhiyi (1896-1953) and Zhang Maoyuan (1901--1991).
And this Zhang Zhiyi is Zhang Ailing's father.
If it's confusing, let's sort it out:
Zhang Ailing's father, Zhang Zhiyi; Zhang Ailing's grandfather, Zhang Peilun; Zhang Ailing's great-grandfather, Zhang Yintang;
Above Zhang Yintang, there is no narrative, no biography, no merit, no bragging with outsiders.
so
Zhang Ailing's father's generation, we started from the great-grandfather Zhang Yintang.
Zhang Yintang, born in 1797.
This year is a common year, the year of the snake (snake) in the lunar calendar.
The Great Qing Dynasty, the second year after Jiaqing ascended the throne.
This year, the world also gave birth to 2 great celebrities, the famous Austrian musician Schubert and the German poet Heine.
In this year, the first president of the United States, Washington, stepped down from office, and Napoleon of France staged a coup d'état.
Qing Jiaqing died (1819), 22-year-old Zhang Yintang, high school man.
Six years later, Daoguang Yiwei (1835), Zhang Yintang was 28 years old and entered high school.
No wonder Zhang Ailing learned well from an early age, and it turned out that people's grandfathers studied well. Genetics is still to be believed.
Zhang Yintang, who was a lieutenant, began to work as an official.
First he worked as a local parent official in Jingde, Zhejiang, and then transferred to Jiande, Haining, Tonglu and other places, but he also did Xiaozhi County.
It was not until the age of 36 that he was promoted to Ishiura Tongzhi.
(The deputy post of the prefect, Zheng Wupin, the status of the prefect is equivalent to that of the secretary of the municipal party committee of a prefecture-level city today, and the mayor is the only vice mayor).
It is responsible for dividing local salt, grain, catching thieves, river defense, sea frontier, river engineering, water conservancy, cleaning up military status, and appeasing the people.
At the age of 40, Zhang Yintang became the prefect and took up the post of Hangzhou.
The following year, he was reappointed as the prefect of Jiaxing. On October 29 of that year, Zhang Yintang's third son, Zhang Peilun, was born in the Hangzhou Prefecture.
It can be said that people are middle-aged and double happiness is at the door.
Especially later, when the third son Zhang Peilun's official was older than his father and was beautiful, 40-year-old Zhang Yintang could be seen.
The promotion and the birth of a son are both happy.
Eight
Since having the third son, Zhang Peilun, Zhang Yintang's official fortunes seem to be getting better and better.
In 1849, at the age of 52, Zhang Yintang first supplemented the prefect of Wenzhou, and in July, he was also ordered to supplement the Taiguang Daoist of Ningchi, Anhui.
A taoist is a local governor between a province (governor, governor) and a province (prefect).
Collar: Anqing Province, Huizhou Prefecture, Chizhou Prefecture, Taiping Prefecture, Ningguo Prefecture, Guangde Prefecture, similar to today's Prefectural Committee Secretary.
Leaping forward, more responsibility than the prefect, more trusted by the emperor, is the inspector of the four provinces.
In 1852, at the age of 55, Zhang Yintang was promoted again and was appointed as the Governor of Yunnan.
(Zheng Sanpinguan: Go to various provinces to inspect, assess the administration of officials, and be in charge of a provincial-wide criminal law, equivalent to the modern provincial public, procuratorial, and legal organs, similar to the secretary of the provincial discipline inspection committee)
His position as a Daoist was taken over by Empress Dowager Cixi's father, Hui Zheng.
Unfortunately, due to the Taiping Rebellion, the road to Yunnan was blocked and the trip could not be completed.
After staying for 6 months, Jiang Wenqing, the inspector of Anhui at the time, left Zhang Yintang to stay in Anhui to assist in the defense of the Taiping Army.
Who expected, a year later, Inspector Jiang Qingwen died.
The 56-year-old Zhang Yintang had to be ordered by the imperial court to be stationed in Anhui according to the history of Cha. Moreover, the imperial court asked him to temporarily protect Fu Zhen and serve as an inspector before the new inspector arrived.
Since then, Zhang Yintang's misfortune has come.
He stayed in Anqing for less than 3 months before the Taiping Army attacked Anqing.
The imperial court decreed that Zhang Yintang was suddenly killed by a thief ship, and although the retreat of the military revolution was between him and the people who supported the wreckage, he could not resist the enemy, and the crime was unspeakable, so he was dismissed from his post and remained in the barracks to serve.
It seems that this official "luck" is also very important.
Zhang Yintang, who was left in the barracks, finally in a war, his mount was hit by a shell, and his right leg was crushed, and he almost died.
Later, Zhang Yintang, who was sick and disabled, was transferred to Huining County, Anhui Province, to persuade him to donate.
In June of the fourth year of Xianfeng, Zhang Yintang was 57 years old. However, he had no idea that his life would soon be over.
In this year, the imperial court appointed Zhang Yintang to go to the Zhejiang Inspection Commission to supervise the defense of Hui and Ning.
A month later, Zhang Yintang, who finally completed his life, died of illness in a boat in Nanyuankou, Huizhou, at the age of 57.
Folklore, which is mostly beneficial to the government, is quite popular with the people.
It is said that he is a clean and honest official, a righteous person, two sleeves of fresh wind, although he has been an official, but for decades, never put on the family property, the family is still with him to do the show when the general, only a few huts,
His personality was straight and discordant throughout his life, and he was depressed.
However, he had several good sons, Zhang Peilun and Zhang Peixu, all of whom were high officials.
Moreover, Zhang Renjun, the grandson of his younger brother Zhang Yintan, later became the governor of Liangguang and Liangjiang in the Qing Dynasty.
In particular, Zhang Renjun also led warships to the Paracel Islands, identified 15 islands, named Leshi, and raised the flag and fired cannons at Woody Island (now a city, like a tourist attraction).
Announcements:
Reaffirming that the South China Sea Zhudao is China's sacred territory, it has left an indelible glorious page in history.
Nine
Zhang Peilun has a good father, but unfortunately, he does not have a good son.
Zhang Zhiqian, Zhang Zhiyi, half-brother, face and heart discord, except for the painstaking struggle for ancestral inheritance, never did anything big.
Zhang Zhiqian, born to Zhang Peilun's first wife, and Zhang Zhiyi is a half-brother. In his career, He was a minor official who wrote from the cabinet of seven pins.
And Zhang Zhiyi, the biggest pride, is that at the age of 24, he gave birth to Zhang Ailing.
And he himself is Zhang Peilun's precious young son at the age of 48.
Perhaps, the Qing Dynasty on which they depended had run out of gas. Perhaps, Zhang Zhiyi's father, Zhang Peilun, and grandfather Li Hongzhang, were too powerful.
They seem very small.
The ancestors are rich and noble, and they have everything. In his generation, there is nothing to worry about, there is no pressure to survive, and there is no motivation to struggle.
As soon as you are born, you are completely dependent on your ancestral heritage, eating, drinking, and having fun, doing whatever you want, and living to which day it is counted.
His father died when he was 7 years old and his mother died when he was 16.
When he was 9 years old, the Qing Dynasty also abolished the imperial examination, and he naturally could not be like his fathers, who took the meritorious name and lived a prominent life.
It is not necessary to be an official, and it is even more unnecessary to do business, and the family's money is more than enough for him to squander it in this life.
Even at the age of 26, tianjin jinpu railway bureau worked as an English secretary, but also for fun, not to survive.
At the age of 28, he and his half-brother divided the family property, and suddenly divided a lot of houses and real estate.
Married to a wife, but also a rich dowry, life is really "too generous".
Having nothing to do all day, he naturally met a group of wine and meat friends, and began to spend days and nights drinking, prostituting prostitutes, adopting aunts and wives, gambling money, smoking big cigarettes, and degenerating step by step.
His life was a ridiculous life.
Even his son said of him:
"In this life, he will not have the ability to make money, and he will not lack the ability to lose."
When he divorced Zhang Ailing's mother, he had eight houses for rent in Hongkou, as well as farm products and antiques.
But by the time of his death, all the family property had become a blank sheet of paper, and the only thing left for his son Zhang Zijing was a rented 14-square-meter rental house.
Zhang Zijing has never been able to get married and have children in her life, because she has no money.
And what is left for her daughter Zhang Ailing is nothing but a blank piece of paper, and the rest is a lifetime of harm...
As for glory, there is not.
Zhang Ailing's mother, who is also fateful, married him to such a thing. Don't love her, don't cherish her.
She had to go overseas, wandering for half her life, learning to paint herself without achievement, staying in the west and not having a job, nor marrying someone to start a family, let alone supporting her children.
His lifelong food and clothing have also relied on antique jewelry obtained by his family during divorce to exchange money for survival.
Eventually, in 1957, at the age of 61, a man died alone in London, England.
At that time, Zhang Ailing was 37 years old, in the United States, and had just been married to Laiya for a year, poor and poor.
This Laiya, poor and sick and old, was 56 years old at the time, only 5 years younger than Zhang Ailing's mother.
I don't know what Zhang Ailing figured him?!
The heart of a female writer cannot be understood, and the heart of a talented female writer is even more incomprehensible.
Some people say that Raya is a scoundrel, which I think is inappropriate. I think it would be more appropriate to say that he was an "old scoundrel".
Before her mother died, she sent a telegram to Zhang Ailing and wanted to see Zhang Ailing. But zhang Ailing was really penniless at that time, and even eating became a problem.
Not to mention that there is still money left to buy a plane ticket and fly to the UK.
Zhang Ailing's father, when he died in 1953, Zhang Ailing was in Hong Kong, and he was too busy to take care of himself, and because it was difficult to come out, he could not go back to Shanghai.
Therefore, he did not meet his father before he died.
When the parents were dying, they all remembered their famous daughter. But when they were alive, they regarded her as nothing.
Man, how pitiful you are, how dirty you are.
38 years after her mother's death, Zhang Ailing also died in a rental house in the United States.
Before he died, there was no one around, and like his mother, he left alone. Even worse than her mother——
She was discovered 7 days after her death.
I think about how glorious Li Hongzhang was at the beginning, even after his death, he was glorious in heaven and enjoyed all the heavens.
Descendants such as Zhang Ailing, although they became famous because of their writing, but their lives were lonely and difficult, and the leaves were scattered.
From Li Hongzhang's great-grandfather, to his grandfather Zhang Peilun, to his father, mother, and then to himself. Circumstances, happiness, a generation is not as good as a generation, one is not as good as another.
In the end, a guest dies...
Nor childless and childless.