preface
In chinese poetic law, Wang Li mentioned a variety of sentence forms with 221 structures.
The so-called object language inversion, similar to the object preposition. This 221 structure, he summarized the following. Similarly, there are 212 structures of this aim inverted sentence.
First, the middle 2 words are the main language
The first 2 words are the target language, the middle 2 words are the subject, and the last 1 word is the predicate.
1、nN-nN-V
Willow color - spring mountain - Ying, pear blossom - sunset bird - Hidden.
As introduced in the previous articles, lowercase is secondary, uppercase is primary, willow color, willow color, willow is modifier n, color is central language N, spring is modifier n, mountain is central language N.
The object language is willow color, which is also an object. Spring Mountain is the subject, Andei is the predicate. So it is the object language (object) prepended. The normal word order is: Spring Mountain - Ying - Willow Color.
These two poems are from Wang Wei's "The Matter Above the Spring Day":
It is good to read the biography of the high monk, and when you look at the valley side.
The dove will be carved, and the shell of the turtle will be supported by a bed.
Willow color - Aoyama - Ying, pear blossom - sunset bird - Hidden.
Under the peach and plum in the north window, sit idle but burn incense.
2、fN-nN-V
There is not much difference in this sentence form, and the first word is changed to an adjective: denoted by f. For example
Cizhu - Spring Yin - Cover, Incense Burner - Xiaoshi - Points
It is also preceded by the object language (object). The normal word order is Chunyin-Fu-Cizhu, Xiaoshi-Fen-Incense Burner
Du Fu (Tang) "Rockery":
One quick victory, three peaks out of the group.
There is doubt in the middle of the hope, and the shadows are full of clouds.
Cizhu - Spring Yin - Cover, Incense Burner - Xiaoshi - Points.
But the south will offer life, and the atmosphere of good qi will be great.
3、bN-qN-V
This and the above two are actually not very different. There is nothing more than some variation in the modifier, the first word is a proper name, denoted by b. The third word is a number word, denoted by q.
For example: Chu Sai - Sanxiang - Jie, Jingmen - Jiupai - Tong. The normal word order is: Three Xiang - Jie - Chu Sai, Nine Sects - Tong - Jingmen.
From Wang Wei (Tang) "Han River Linpan":
Chu Sai - Sanxiang - Jie, Jingmen - Jiupai - Tong.
Outside the river and the world, the mountains are in the middle.
Gun-eup floats in maeura, and the waves move far and wide.
Xiangyang good wind day, stay drunk with the mountain.
4、fN-BX-V
In fact, it is still a noun + noun + verb, but the first is an adjective + noun phrase, and the second is a two-tone proper name.
For example: Caiyun - Xiao Shi - Station, Text - Lu Gong - Stay. The normal word order is: Xiao Shi - Station - Caiyun - , Lu Gong - Stay - Text.
Du Fu (Tang) "Jade Terrace View":
The catastrophe was made by the king, and the platform visited the ancient tour.
Caiyun -- Xiao Shi - Station, Text - Lu Gong - Stay.
Gong Que Tong Qun Emperor, Qiankun to Ten Continents.
Legend has it that there are cranes that pass over this mountain.
The above four structures are actually the same, they are: noun + noun + verb, object (target language) + subject + predicate. However, nouns have partial positives, proper names, and so on. There are also parallel nouns such as NN, which are not examples.
Second, the middle 2 words are relational words
Unlike the middle 2 words above, the middle 2 words here are relational words.
For example, BX-cN-V. Fang Shuo - Kinmen - Waiter, Ban Ji - Yu Yuan - Ying. From Wang Wei's "Early Dynasty"
Willow dark hundred flowers bright, spring deep five phoenix city.
The city is wide-eyed, and Miyai is rumbling.
Fang Shuo --Kinmen--Waiter, BanJi--Yu-Ying.
Still hearing the fangshi, the East China Sea visited Pengying.
The normal word order is, Kinmen - Shi - Fang Shuo, Yu Yuan - Ying - Ban Ji. Under the Golden Horse Gate stood Dongfang Shuo, and (used by Emperor Hancheng) to greet Ban Jieyu.
These two verses indicate that the courtiers are valued by the emperor and show the honor of the ministers.
The Book of Han and the Biography of Dongfang Shuo: "Make (Dongfang Shuo) stay at the Golden Horse Gate and get a little closer."
"Hanshu Foreign Relatives Handed Down to Xiaocheng Ban Qiang":
Emperor Cheng wandered in the back court, tasting the desire to be with The Servant, and the Emperor said: 'Looking at the ancient pictures, the kings of the sages and saints all have famous subjects on their side, and the last lord of the three generations has a daughter, and now he wants to be with him, and there is no similarity?' Don't stop talking.
When Emperor Hancheng favored Ban Jieyu, he once invited her to "join him", but Ban Jieyu refused.
Third, the middle 1 word is the main language
This is not a 221 structure, but a 212 structure.
For example: Divine Fish - Man - Invisible, Blessed Land - Language - True Transmission. It is expressed in letters: fN-N-dV.
The normal word order is: man - not seen - god fish, language - true transmission - blessed land. From one of Du Fu's "Twenty Miscellaneous Poems of Qinzhou":
The ancient hatred pond cave, sneaking through a small day.
Divine fish - people - not seen, blessed land - language - true transmission.
Close to the southwest, Changhuai Nineteen Springs.
When a hut, send the old white cloud to the side.
Conclusion
Today, the 221 and 212 sentence forms are mentioned, in fact, the object is preceded by the subject and predicate.
Normal word order should be: subject-predicate-object, and the poet's language is: object-subject-predicate.
Lao Jie's Five Laws of "YouGu Temple" used this sentence form:
Songmen stone path turn, bamboo color ancient pavilion you, swallow shadow - in front of the hall - over, bells - outside the sky - floating.
Turn the sutra with the monks, maundy feet against the stream. A day in the mountains, the heart of the clouds and water.
This one-predicate sentence form is still a simple sentence. Friends who like to write poetry, see if you have used this sentence pattern in your own poems?
@Old Street Taste
In the five simple sentences, the difference between the same verse, the 32 structure and the 212 structure