A colorful historical and cultural scroll
——Impression of oriental Shuo culture exhibition hall in Shentou Town, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City
Text/Shi Xiansheng
Relief "Travel Map out of the Palace" Shi Xiansheng Li Illumination Photography
On the vast Northwest Lu Plain, there is such a magical place - Shentou Town, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City.
"God's head, God's head, the head of the gods!"
Famous people have emerged here, such as Dongfang Shuo of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Anshi, marquis of Fuping, Kang Piyang, a famous scholar of the Ming Dynasty, and Shi Weiping, a lianchen, etc., like the stars shining brightly and shining.
The splendid culture here, the famous Oriental Shuo folklore, the exquisite Shuo hometown paper-cutting, the crowded March Three Temple Fair, have been selected into the list of intangible cultural heritage projects in Shandong Province, accounting for three-quarters of the whole district.
Here are rich in cultural relics, nine national first-class cultural relics in the region, from this place there are or exquisite or tall and majestic green glazed eight-in-one lamp, Huren bag pot, yellow glazed dragon and phoenix pattern through the ear treasure moon vase, three-colored water cup, Oriental epitaph, Han Taizhong Doctor Dongfang painting praise monument and other six pieces.
There are many monuments here, such as the mysterious Han Tombs and the Oriental Shuo Tombs, and the ruins of the Ancient City of Yici, which contain endless mysteries, are listed as provincial cultural relics protection units, accounting for two-fifths of the whole district.
Here the arrogance of the world, Shao Xuning's indomitable perseverance, showing the indomitable national integrity.
Here the specialties are well-known, the god head toon has long enjoyed the reputation of "disgusted with the spring dragon", since ancient tribute, good color and fragrance, rich nutrition.
……
In recent years, Shentou Town has listed the town station and 12 surrounding villages and an area of 10 square kilometers as the core area of the cultural tourism training base (more than 2,000 mu of collective construction land, and then gradually expanded the core area to 20 square kilometers), deeply excavated rich historical and cultural resources, and took multiple measures to improve cultural tourism facilities. In this "surface", the focus has been on creating a "line" and a "point": combining the central Han tomb group and the Eastern Shuo Tomb Ruins Scenic Area, the National Reserve Forest and the Eastern Centennial Toon Forest, and the southern green ecological greenhouse characteristic tourist village, the Han culture, folk customs and modern agriculture are integrated to form the "central axis" of the rural history and culture of "Ten Mile Eight Villages"; and the "point" with the finishing touch is the Oriental Shuo Culture Exhibition Hall located in the party and government courtyard of Shentou Town at the intersection of Zhihui Road and Hexing Street.
The Oriental Shuo Cultural Exhibition Hall has a construction area of more than 600 square meters and an investment of nearly 6 million yuan. Planned and constructed in May 2018, the museum was carefully designed by Beijing Huitong Bole Culture Media Co., Ltd. and Mr. Wu Deyin, a famous master of arts and crafts, and was completed in early December 2021 after three and a half years.
As a member of the Dezhou Oriental Shuo Culture Research Association and a fellow of Shentou, I have been invited to participate in the exhibition and discussion activities of the exhibition hall many times, and have made a modest contribution to promoting traditional culture and helping the development of my hometown. Whenever I remember it, I feel very relieved.
On December 8, 2021, the morning of the winter sun, I could not wait to come here with a sincere heart, to pay homage to the sages, to review history, to visit scenic spots, to taste culture...
The blue sky is set against the backdrop of green trees. Oriental Shuo Culture Pavilion red column gray tiles, dignified atmosphere, elegant and festive, gold bottom plaque hanging in the center, "Oriental Shuo Culture Pavilion" seven large black characters are particularly eye-catching. The exhibition hall follows the design principle of "simple atmosphere, thick and elegant, natural and smooth, distinctive characteristics, scientific and technological environmental protection", makes full use of limited space, adopts reliefs, wax figures, videos, drawing boards, exhibition cabinets, booths, sunken sand tables and other exhibition methods, closely focuses on the theme of "god's head", takes Dongfang Shuo as the main line, vertical coherence, horizontal radiation, through time and space for thousands of years, covering historical celebrities, major events, cultural relics and monuments, folk activities, legends and stories, special cuisine and many other content. Unfold a long scroll of colorful history and culture...
Wisdom and saint style
Stepping into the exhibition hall, the first thing that catches your eye is a bronze relief - "Travel Map of the Palace". The spring breeze is warm, the sun is shining, the birds are fluttering, the clouds are dancing, the horseshoe sounds, and the wheels are rolling. After Dongfang Shuo and the coachman were ordered, they rode out of the palace with great interest and ran non-stop to the distance. On this trip, I think he will bring a lot of research suggestions and hilarious anecdotes to Emperor Wu of Han to observe the people's feelings.
Dongfang Shuo (161 BC – 93 BC), compound surname Dongfang, given the surname Shuo, character Man Qian, Pingyuan Tici (present-day Shentou Town, Lingcheng District) people, Western Han Dynasty writers, official to Taizhong Dafu jia guan to Shizhong. He was patriotic and worried about the people, honest and honest, erudite and wise, witty and humorous. Later generations praised it as "Zhisheng" and revered it as the originator of jokes, cross-talk, riddles, divination, and folklore.
In the exhibition hall, the life deeds, folklore and evaluations of posterity of Dongfang Shuo run through the whole process, and the wax figures such as the dancing of chickens and the upright words are vivid, reproducing the style of wisdom and sainthood; the exhibition board is full of pictures and texts, telling the magical life of the sages.
Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took the throne at the beginning of the reign and enlisted the best of the world. Dongfang Shuo applied for the three thousand recitals, and Emperor Wu of Han read it for more than two months. Emperor Wu made a strong statement, ordering the Zhao Zhao bus, and later waiting for the Golden Horse Gate. Emperor Wu, with his versatility and love for luck, often served around, and successively taught Chang Shilang and Taizhong Dafu, and added officials to Shizhong.
Since the "Chronicle of History", the histories of successive dynasties have established their biographies, written their deeds, and carried their texts. In the Song Dynasty, he was given the title of "Marquis of Wisdom". Its story continues to be passed on, and it is known as the "Four Laughing Stars of Ancient China" along with Youmeng of the Chu State in the Spring and Autumn Period, Ruan Yuan in the Wei and Jin Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, and Ji Xiaolan, a talented son of the Qing Dynasty.
In his lifetime, Dongfang Shuo wrote a lot of works, such as "It is Difficult to Answer Guests", "On Mr. Non-You", "Poetry of Commandments" and so on. Since the Han Dynasty, Dongfang Shuo has had many deified legends, and in the first Chinese immortal genealogy, "Legend of the Immortals", Dongfang Shuo ranks 43rd.
Wax figure "Oriental ShuoWen Chicken Dancing" Shi Xiansheng Li Illumination Photography
In the third year of Jianyuan (138 BC), Emperor Wu of Han wanted to enclose a large area of land south of Afang Palace to build a forest garden. Dongfang Shuo objected and went to the "Advice on Shanglin Yuanshu", and later Emperor Wu of Han made Dongfang Shuo the Grand Master of Taizhong and added an official to Shizhong.
When Dongfang Shuo was a Lang official, the imperial court was troubled, and most of the literati were envoys to the four directions, only he and Mei Gao and Guo She were humorous and entertaining around Emperor Wu of han, and people called him a funny family. While he is funny and witty, he dares to speak up. Advising on extravagance and harassment of the people, advising fornication and incivility, and advising on the abolition of the law are important contents of his slander. Before he died, he also advised Emperor Wu of Han to "go far away from adultery and retreat from rumors." His character has always been praised. The Historian Chu Shaosun of the Western Han Dynasty borrowed the mouth of Emperor Wu of Han in the "Chronicle of The Chronicle of The Funny Column" and said: "Gu Dongfang Shuo is good at speaking. Kang Piyang, a famous scholar of the Ming Dynasty, praised in the "Collected Works of Mr. Dongfang": "Foolishly reading Ban Mengjian's "Book of Han" and deeply feeling mr. Dongfang, the satire and direct advice are returned to the right, beyond the Han court, and greatly beneficial to the lord." ”
Although Dongfang Shuo has left us for more than two thousand years, its influence is very far-reaching. There are many sites and legends about him throughout the country.
According to incomplete statistics, from his death to the end of the Qing Dynasty, nearly a hundred literati and court officials wrote articles praising him. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Ban Gu wrote a detailed work for Dongfang Shuo in the Book of Han in a larger space. The Western Jin Dynasty literary scholar Xiahou Zhan left a popular painting praise for the Oriental Shuo Ancestral Hall. The Southern Dynasty historian and literary scholar Shen Yue praised Dongfang Shuo in his "Poems of He Xie Xuancheng". In the Tang Dynasty, in addition to the politician, military expert, and calligrapher Yan Zhenqing who wrote the famous painting and praise monument, the poet Li Bai made a very high evaluation of Dongfang Shuo in his poems such as "Jade Kettle Yin" and "Gift song mountain coke refiner". The poet Saint Du Fu in "Two Articles on Shooting the Sun", Bai Juyi in "Five Songs of Yongxing and Unprinting out of the Gongfu", Liu Zongyuan in "Picking Cherries to Give Yuan Jushi when he was with Zhu Daoshi in the South Building of Wangxian Pavilion", the literary scholar Han Yu in "Reading the Miscellaneous Affairs of the Oriental Shuo", Wei Yingwu in "Sending Books to the Old Mountain Song", the poets Wu Jun, Wang Wei, Li Yuan, zhang Jianfeng, etc., all gave a very high evaluation of Dongfang Shuo's life and ideological conduct in their own articles. In the Song Dynasty, the famous politician and literary scholar Wang Anshi, the literary artists Wu Zeng, Zheng Qiao, Huang Zhen, etc., also gave Dongfang Shuo a very high evaluation. The Yuan Dynasty literary scholar Fang Hui, in the "Examination of Continuing Ancient and Modern History", compared Dongfang Shuo with Sima Xiangxiang, but his sentiments were much higher than Sima Xiangxiang. Yan Fu, a famous politician of the Yuan Dynasty, praised Dongfang Shuo in the article "Yuan Rebuilding the Monument of the Oriental Gongmiao of the Han Taizhong Doctor": "Born as a famous qing, died as a famous god, waved the eight poles, and dan twilight for a thousand years." And written by Liu Geng, a great calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty and a scholar of Hanlin. In the Ming Dynasty, the respect for Dongfang Shuo was even more extreme. Lü Zhaoxi, Zhang Pu, Kang Piyang, Zhang Xie, Zhu Weixi and other writers and politicians have re-collected, compiled, and published the Oriental Shuo Anthology, which has been published in 5 editions, which is rare in the history of Chinese literature. In particular, Zhu Weixi's "Class Language" is a relatively comprehensive book. Ming Dynasty great Confucian Fang Xiaoru, Xie Tianrui, Li Zaizhen, Feng Menglong, Ge Shouli, He Liangjun, Xu Xiaoyuan, etc., all wrote articles highly praising Dongfang Shuo. In the folk, because Liu Bowen admired Mr. Dongfang's "Spirit Chess Classic", it set off a climax of people's worship of Mr. Dongfang, and people spontaneously rebuilt the temple and reshaped their whole body. In the Qing Dynasty, the Kangxi Emperor, as well as the literary scholars Wang Shizhen, Gu Zuyu, Li Ruzhen, and the late Qing Dynasty literary scholar Liu Shengmu, also wrote articles to give Dongfang Shuo a very high evaluation.
There are more than 180 articles (kinds) praising Dongfang Shuo in ancient times, involving inscriptions, praises, expositions, poems, novels and other genres. It can be seen that its historical status is high.
Before and after the founding of New China, more than 50 writers gave high praise to Dongfang Shuo, including the great literary scholar Lu Xun, the famous contemporary scholars Ju Deyuan, Dongfang Longyin, Wang Liqun, Fu Xuanchun, Fu Chunming, Yang Yongcheng, Li Xiaoli, Huang Zhenyun, Wang Jingping, and Taiwanese writer Gong Hong.
In the art world, from the great painter Wu Daozi of the Tang Dynasty, the nameless weaver of the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Tang Bohu of the Ming Dynasty, the Ren Bonian of the Qing Dynasty, to the modern great painter Qi Baishi, there are paintings of Oriental Shuo, but most of them are painted as peach thieves.
Many texts deified the Eastern Shuo. As early as the Western Han Dynasty, the Oriental Shuo had been passed down as a star of the year. According to historical records, after the death of Dongfang Shuo, Emperor Wu of Han asked the grand prince: "Are the stars and tools there?" The Great Prince said, "The stars are there, but they have not seen the stars for eighteen years, and now they see the ears again." Emperor Wu of Han sighed, "Dongfang Shuo was born in the eighteenth year of the Fallen Emperor, but I don't know if it is the age of xingya!" "Miserable.
For more than 2,000 years, folklore about Dongfang Shuo has been widely circulated in different ways in various social classes, and it is still recited in Lingcheng District and surrounding counties and urban areas. In January and June 2007, Oriental Shuo folklore was successively included in the first batch of representative items of intangible cultural heritage in Shandong Province and Dezhou City.
Tired of the scenery
At the corner of the front hall is the famous arts and crafts master Mr. Wu Deyin, after carefully studying the relevant materials, the following sunken sand table form restored the old city of Disgust. It just so happened that Mr. Wu Deyin had not yet returned to Beijing on this day, and I had the privilege of feasting my eyes and listening to him explain the creative process and related scenes in a colorful way.
In June 2021, the Beijing Municipal Archives exhibited 310 clay sculptures donated by Mr. Wu Deyin. These 360 lines of "little people" clay sculptures in old Beijing are realistic and cute, reproducing the traditional city style of old Beijing. Many visitors liken it to old Beijing's "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty". Obviously, what is presented here is undoubtedly Shentou Town's "Qingming River Map".
In that year, after Qin Shi Huang swept away the masses and unified the Central Plains, he was afraid that others would replace him, so according to the prophecy of the "Astrological Family" at that time that "there is a heavenly son in the southeast", he made many private visits to the east. One day in the thirty-seventh year of Qin Shi Huang (210 BC), he led the crowd to the area of the head of the gods, but when he saw the clouds of auspiciousness and the purple qi rising, he couldn't help but say to himself: "The head of the god, the head of the god, the head of the gods!" Isn't this the place where the Son of Heaven comes from? Immediately change "god's head" to "disgusted times", "tired (ancient reading ya)" with "pressure"; "times" do" to "stay", which means that the Son of Heaven has arrived here, and does not come out of the Son of Heaven again; or that the place where the Son of Heaven has been born.
Ooh! You see- the old city of Disgusted times more than 2,000 years ago is in front of you: the Duma River, the breeze is gentle, the grass is verdant, the river is clear, and the fish are shallow. A branch flows into the city from the northwest corner of the city, and then divides into four tributaries and six bays. The whole scene is typical of "six bays and six cities". Four weather-beaten ancient trees are divided into four corners, or flowers bloom, or branches are covered with green, or fruitful, or wrapped in silver, showing the seasonal changes of the four seasons. Official residences, shops, houses, etc., are scattered and clearly laid out. On the streets, people come and go, and six major markets, such as cloth market, meat market, grain market, vegetable market, money market, and labor market, are prosperous and active. On the shore of the water, the geese and ducks are leisurely and self-satisfied, highlighting the harmony and nature. In the middle of the north end is one of the most exclusive buildings in the city, with white jade steps and red walls and yellow tiles. This is the hall of Chinese cuisine.
What kind of scene is Chinese food? This will be revealed in the next sunken sandbox.
Han feast pomp
Here is a Chinese-style banquet scene. The 14 characters come alive in different shapes. This was the "main companion" of Emperor Wu of Han, and the opposite of him were guests and retinues. In the hall, the graceful palace women are dressed beautifully, singing and dancing, and the wine and food are full of strange aromas and refreshing. Guests and hosts talked and laughed and shared friendships.
There are two highlights here: First, Dongfang Shuo, who is located on the right hand side of Emperor Wu of Han, has the richest body language, and he is dancing with his eyebrows and dancing with his hands, saying jokes to help him! It can be said that he is the earliest "Spring Festival Gala host" in the mainland; another is that the world's earliest meal plate is displayed here, that is to say, as early as the Han Dynasty, our ancestors implemented the "meal sharing system".
Ancient tomb treasures
This set of plates describes the situation of the Eastern Tombs.
The Oriental Tomb is located 200 meters northwest of the Dongjie Village Party Group Service Center, opposite the Oriental Shuo Tomb in the northeast and southwest, about 1.5 kilometers away.
On March 15, 2002, when a villager in the village was cultivating the land, an ancient tomb was found. After receiving the report, the provincial and municipal cultural relics experts immediately carried out rescue excavations. The tomb is in a north-south direction, 5.84 meters long from north to south, 4.7 meters wide from east to west, and 1.5 meters deep, and the bottom of the tomb and the four walls of the tomb are made of green and gray bricks. One side of the epitaph was excavated, which is 43 cm long, 42 cm wide and 12 cm thick. It is engraved in small letters, and the handwriting is clear and beautiful, a total of 469 words. It was identified as the epitaph of The Twenty-eighth Generation Sun Dongfanghe of Dongfang Shuo, and was signed in the third year of Emperor Gaozong of Tang (672). The first sentence of the epitaph records: "Gong Zhenhe, The Ande people of Texas, that is, the twenty-eighth generation grandson of Han Dafu Qian." It means: Dongfang Gonghe, a native of Ande (present-day Lingcheng District), Dezhou, was the twenty-eighth grandson of Dongfang Shuo, the Taizhong master of the Western Han Dynasty. The epitaph also records the 25th to 28th generations of The Grandchildren of Dongfang Shuo and the Lady of Dongfang He. The historical value of this epitaph is very high, so it has been recognized by experts as a national first-class cultural relic. As the only physical evidence for more than 2,000 years, the excavation of the epitaph provides strong evidence for Dongfang Shuo to be a person from Shentou Town in the present-day Lingcheng District, and is a major breakthrough in archaeological research in Shandong Province. In addition, there is a Qin King mirror (national second-class cultural relics), a Persian-style Huren bag pot and a small and exquisite Tang Sancai water cup, a dragon and phoenix pattern through the ear treasure moon vase (all national first-class cultural relics) and a hard white pottery mingware, a total of more than 100 pieces. It is rare that such a large number of exquisite artifacts have been unearthed from the same tomb.
In 2005, the Oriental Tomb was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit.
Shuo Temple new posture
Here is the restored gate tower of the Oriental Shuo Ancestral Hall (folk honorific name "Shuo Ancestral Hall").
Shuo Ancestral Hall is located in Beijie Village, was originally built in the Eastern Han Dynasty, has been revived and abandoned many times, destroyed in the war during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the remaining steles and gray bricks are still faintly visible.
Originally, Mr. Dongfang's painting of the monument was erected in the courtyard of the ancestral hall. In that year, when the Western Jin Dynasty literary scholar Xiahou Zhan visited the father of Taishou of Renleling County, he passed by this place, visited the tomb and ancestral hall of Dongfang Shuo, admired mr. Portrait, and wrote "Han Taizhong Doctor Dongfang's Painting praise and preface", highly praising his talent and character. In the second year (754) of Yan Zhenqing's appointment as Taishou of Pingyuan Commandery (平原郡, in present-day Lingcheng District), yan Zhenqing wrote a book and sealed xiahou Zhanzanwen, and wrote a book with the inscription "Yin Ji of Mr. Dongfang Painting Praise Stele", which was engraved on the same stele.
The monument was moved to the county court at the time of the yuan, and the pavilion was built on the side of the lobby. In the sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1667) earthquake, the pavilion was buried in the soil. During the Qianlong period, the county ordered Wang Benzhuang to build a pavilion to protect it. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the monument was placed in stables by Japanese soldiers and trampled on by people.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the monument was properly protected, first sealed in the backyard of the government, temporarily stored in the Lingxian Cultural Center in 1984, and moved to Wenbo Garden in the spring of 1992 to build a double-storey cornice hexagonal pavilion for protection. The stele enjoys the reputation of "Three Qi", that is, Qiren (Dongfang Shuo), Qiwen (Xiahou Zhanzanwen), Qishu (Yan Zhenqing Calligraphy), Gold and Jade, Pearls and Pearls, which can be called a unique Chinese art garden and a national first-class cultural relic.
A glimpse of the temple fair
Late Qing Dynasty Minchu God Head March Three Temple Fair Shi Xiansheng Photography
This sunken sand table shows the scene of the three temple fairs in March of the first month of the Ming Dynasty.
At the beginning, Dongfang Shuo helped blind people learn to divinate and make a living. They highly respected him, honored him as the grandmaster, and rushed to the Oriental Shuo Ancestral Hall and tomb every year on the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar to worship and worship. Later, the scope continued to expand, the number of personnel continued to increase, and gradually increased the content of folk songs, folk performances, material exchanges, etc., and the time was extended from the initial day to three days or even longer. This is the famous God's Head March Three Temple Festival, which rose from the Han Dynasty and has continued for more than a thousand years. Four typical divination scenes are vividly reproduced here: this one is standing with a flute (one of the loudspeakers "Announcer") soliciting business, the other is wandering along the road looking for targets, the other is pointing out the mysteries in front of the teahouse, and the other is sitting on the street stall predicting auspiciousness...
Wandering in the Oriental Shuo Culture Pavilion, I sometimes stopped and stared, sometimes washed my ears and listened, like a drunk, lingering...
About the Author
Shi Xiansheng, male, Han ethnicity, born in May 1963, a native of Shentou Town, Lingcheng District, Dezhou City, a member of the Communist Party of China, a bachelor of agriculture, and a fourth-level researcher of the United Front Work Department of the Lingcheng District CPC Committee. Member of Shandong Writers Association, Shandong Qu Artists Association, Vice President and Secretary General of Dezhou Oriental Shuo Culture Research Association, Executive Vice Chairman of Lingcheng District Writers Association, published 3 monographs of "Heart Song", "Lingcheng War "Epidemic"" and "Dream Pioneer", and more than 100 articles published in provincial and municipal newspapers and periodicals. Member of the 13th Dezhou Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and deputy to the first congress of the CPC Dezhou Lingcheng District. The first cultural star of Dezhou City, the first batch of "Hundred Talents Plan" talent think tank experts in Lingcheng District. He has won dozens of honorary titles such as "Advanced Individual in Grassroots Propaganda and Cultural Work in Shandong Province and Remembering Third Class Merit" and "Excellent Propaganda Cadre of Dezhou City".
One point number Shi Xiansheng