preface
When Du Fu was young, he once composed a five-character poem "Rockery".
One quick victory, three peaks out of the group. There is doubt in the middle of the hope, and the shadows are full of clouds.
The bamboo spring is shaded, and the incense burner is divided. But the south will offer life, and the atmosphere of good qi will be great.
This five-law poem describes a rockery similar to a bonsai, and the Tang Dynasty has more poems to write real scenes or inscriptions, and works writing about bonsai rockeries are relatively rare.
I. Verse Preface
The preface to the poem writes the origin of the rockery:
At the beginning of Tianbao, Uncle Nancao Xiaosi Kou built a mountain under my wife's hall, a small ruler, instead of the decaying wood, inheriting the incense porcelain Ou, Ou Shi An. Planted next to the bamboo, Gaizi counts the peaks, and the mountain cen chanjuan, like dust outside. It is not known where it is, but it is poetry.
In the first year of Tianbao (742), as the uncle of Nancao Xiaosikou, in front of my grandmother's hall, a rockery of one foot (one foot in size) was built with a basket of soil to replace the decaying wood at that time. Below is placed the small porcelain pot originally used for incense burning, the rockery is not large, this small pot is safe (will not be crushed).
Next to the seed mother bamboo (Ci Bamboo) covers the rockery, the peaks and bamboo shadows reflect each other, quite a bit of the dusty realm of the wind.
Somehow I suddenly had the inspiration to write this poem.
2. First Link
One quick victory, three peaks out of the group.
A basket of soil can build a small rockery. Although the mountain is small, the three peaks have an outstanding style.
Hu Yinglin of the Ming Dynasty commented on Du Fu's Five Laws:
The five laws rise from the ancients, and only Du wins. For example, "When the strict police are cold in the night, the former army falls on the big star", "I don't know Nantang Road, I know the Fifth Bridge now", "Tonight I only look at the moon in The Moon of Yanzhou," "With armor all over the world, Hu Weijun travels far away", "The old grandson of Wuzong, the simple and ancient style", "Wei Quhua is rogue, the family is annoyed and kills", all of them are majestic and simple, and the meaning is endless. (Quoted in Qiu Zhao'ao's "Detailed Notes on Du Shi")
The so-called 仄起 in this passage refers to the fact that the first sentence is the rhythm poem of 仄起仄收 (仄仄平平仄) (of which The old grandson of Emperor Wuzong is not of this sentence form, which may be a clerical error). Gaogu, referring to elegance and simplicity, refers to poems that were not specially carved by the Sui and Tang Dynasties due to the four voices and eight diseases (Yongming body) before.
The Five Laws are grammatical poems, which have the characteristics of high antiquity, indicating that although they are in line with the law of the common law, they are naturally smooth and majestic, deep and simple, rich in aftertaste, and people do not feel that they are grammatical poems.
Hu Yinglin's examples are all the first couplets of the five laws. The first link of Du Fu's poem also belongs to the ancients. Although it depicts a small rockery, the aftertaste is deep.
The first couplet rises to the middle of the second, and the following describes the reason why this inch hill is out of the ordinary.
3. The jaw joint and the neck joint
There is doubt in the middle of the hope, and the shadows are full of clouds. The bamboo spring is shaded, and the incense burner is divided.
Entering this rockery in front of your eyes, it seems to be in the middle of a real mountain. In the quiet place, there seems to be white clouds about to come out.
Ci bamboo, it is said that the bamboo shoots of this kind of bamboo do not grow randomly, but only grow within the original range of the bamboo forest, so they are also called zimu bamboo and filial piety bamboo.
The Book of Narratives states:
In the third year of Emperor Zhang's reign, in front of the White Tiger Hall, the sons and mothers of the bamboo were born, and the group of courtiers made bamboo odes.
The Bamboo Chronicle records:
Ci bamboo, Wu Shu have it, its bamboo bush, every year the bamboo shoots can not leave the bush.
In the spring, the shadow of Cizhu covers the rockery, and the smoke distribution on the rockery in the early morning. Some people believe that the incense burner refers to the peak of the artificial mountain like the Lushan incense burner peak. The early morning momentum of the rockery is distributed.
The middle two are all written scenes, the content of the main charm, and the neck joint is realistic scenes.
It is said that Du Fu composed poems without a word or origin, but the word "Xiaoshi" does not know where it comes from. However, later generations learned Du Fu, and there are many applications.
3. Tail link
But the south will offer life, and the atmosphere of good qi will be great.
Du Fu's uncle built this rockery, which has the meaning of offering life from Nanshan, because this mountain makes the festive atmosphere in the family more and more intense. There is no aftertaste in the tail link, but it is said that this rockery has played a role in increasing the atmosphere.
Du Fu's grandmother, Lu Shi, was the successor of his grandfather Du Zhenyan, and two years later, Lu Shi died three years later in Tianbao.
Conclusion
Lu's birthday was given in the first year of Tianbao (742), when Du Fu (712-770 AD) was thirty-one years old.
This is Du Fu's early Five Laws, and Du Fu in this period has not experienced too many tribulations, so this poem does not have too deep a sense of life, it is an ordinary work.
By the way, in that year, Du Fu's aunt Du Shi died, and Du Fu personally draped ma Dai Xiao for his aunt and wrote an epitaph "Tombstone of Du Shi of Junjing Zhao, Wannian County of Tang Dynasty".
@Old Street Taste
In the sentence, the three servants are bent at the end of the sentence, and there are origins everywhere, and Du Fu's Seven Laws "Title Zhang's Hermitage" is appreciated