Last week, we took everyone to appreciate the paintings of the Ming Dynasty painter Shen Zhou (chicks and young cows, with Shen Zhou lying in the distance), during this period, the mainstream painting method of Chinese painting was literati painting, and the painter was often also a literati with deep roots, and Shen Zhou was the same, who also left valuable works in literature. His literary works are mostly found in the inscriptions of his paintings, and the text and painting complement each other and are colorful. Today, "Night Sitting Figure" will take you to appreciate the painter's calm painting style, and even more the literary artist's style book.
Shen Zhou's "Sleeping Tour" (Source: National Palace Museum, Taipei)
"Night Sitting" was composed in the fifth year of Koji, when Shen Was sixteen years old, he had reached the late stage of personal painting. In the area above the frame of "Night Sitting", Shen Zhou's "Night Sitting" is more than 500 words long. The first paragraph writes about the feelings and sounds of the night; the second paragraph writes about the source of feelings and the thoughts of the situation, and the meaning of the text and the inner emotions of the painting are connected, and it is easy to understand the meaning of Shen Zhou's thoughts in the article, so it is easy to analyze how he embodies the meaning in the picture scroll in the later text.
Cold nights sleep very sweetly, the night is divided and lonely, the gods are refreshed, the Buddha can sleep again, it is a batch of clothes to sit up, a lamp is opposite, the number of books on the case, take a compilation and read it; a little tired, sit with the books tied, the rain is long, the moonlight is faintly reflected in the window. Listening to Khotan, Gai felt clear for a long time, and gradually heard about it.
Smelling the wind and regretting the bamboo and the trumpet sound makes people have the ambition of not returning, and the sound of dogs is fierce and bitter, making people idle and evil. Smell the small big drums, the small ones thin and far away, the endless stream, the thoughts of gloom and unevenness, the official drums are very close, from three to four to five, gradually anxious to become clear, the russian northeast sound bell, the bell is rainy, the sound is extremely clear, and the smell has to be done by Dan Xing, and it cannot be done.
Yu Sex sat happily at night, under each stall of book lamps, repeatedly, and the second party was already deserved. However, people are noisy and their hearts are in the text, and they are not often quiet and fixed inside.
On this night, all the voices and colors are covered with silence, so that they are enough to clear the hearts of the people and express their aspirations. And he is not without sound and color, not in the eyes and ears of people, but also in the form of material service and fun, smart hidden in the sonorous, clear hidden in Wenhua, is the benefit of the old thing to the people and the loss of many people. If the voice of the present is no different from the other, and if it touches the eyes and ears, and the pear is wonderful with me, then it is a sonorous wenhua, and it has not begun to be the capital of my further cultivation, and the material is enough to serve people.
The sound is absolutely invisible, and my ambition is suddenly special, then the so-called zhi is inside and outside, it has something to do with things, and it has to be because of things? It must be discerning. So I discerned.
The power of night sitting is magnificent! When he sits alone in his heart, under a longer candle, because he seeks the truth of things, the wonders of his mind and body, he thinks that the place where he has cultivated things will surely be gained.
Sakuya Zaki. Hiroharu Mieko (1492) Already hoped in July autumn, And, Nagasu Jinshu.
"Night sitting" shows a sense of emptiness and freedom, in the specific environment and state of mind of "sleeping in a cold night", Shen Zhou is "refreshed" and "can sleep again", so in the late night when everything is silent and the heavens and the earth are quiet, Shen Zhou "sits up in a cloak", and at this moment there is nothing urgent to do, so he looks at the side of the case under the lamp and "reads it in a long way" in many books. In this situation of leisure and self-sufficiency, Shen Zhou is in an absolute "self" sense, there is no disturbance from external objects, and his mind tends to be introverted, and he is able to examine his inner world unconsciously.
At the same time, due to complete immersion in the self, Shen Zhou reached an extreme state of "freedom", the mind was examined in the process of being able to see the outside world being infinitely expanded, time and space were extended by the "self" drive, at this time Shen Zhou "put the book tied to sit in danger", it is his outward manifestation that tends to the heart and has a wider field of vision, Shen Zhou further describes the scenery at this moment: "Long rain and new Ji, the moonlight faintly reflects the window", immersive official feeling, Shen Zhou will integrate himself into the nature around him and wider than the thousands of miles, he turned from vision to hearing: "Four listening, Gai felt clear for a long time, gradually heard", from silence to hearing, not the night has changed, but Shen Zhou's sense of silence for himself has been further strengthened, and he has put his body and mind into pure feelings, so the "heart and eyes" are open, nothing disturbs the heart, and everything enters the heart.
Shen Zhou then carefully described the sound he heard and the feeling of hearing it:
None of them write their voices, and at the same time, they all write their hearts.
Shen Zhou heard all kinds of different voices, and in different voices revealed different emotional tendencies ("Zhi" and "Thought"), it can be seen that different sounds are not mixed and resonant relationships, but have a clear chronological order, from the wind to the drums, Shen Zhou uses sound senses to write the results of up to a night of time, there is something heard in loneliness, there is a sense of nothingness, Shen Zhou's feelings that follow the natural changes show his proximity and integration to nature, and in the state of "the unity of heaven and man" with nature, his inner clarity, Inadvertently revealed.
Part of Shen Zhou's "Sleeping Tour" (Source: National Palace Museum, Taipei)
After describing the feelings, Shen Zhou made a self-analysis of the previous sentiments, the joy of reading at night and its rare points, before reading more than two more, the people around have not rested, the reading environment is more noisy, "people are noisy and the heart is in the text, not tasted outside the quiet and internal", Shen Zhou reflected on the time outside the "self" state, the voice covered up the "voice of the heart", full of chaos and impetuousness, until this night for the feeling of loneliness, Shen Zhou was able to feel: "All the sounds, cover to be quiet, Therefore, it is enough to clarify the mood of the people and send out their intentions like this", and the feeling of "concentration" does not exclude all sounds and colors from reaching absolute silence, but the sense of solidity and integration that can be fixed on the heavens and the earth.
Shen Zhou then pondered the philosophical level of what he was thinking and feeling: "The form is the object of service and the heart is interesting, the wisdom is hidden in the sonorous, the hidden in the Wenhua, is the benefit of the old thing is less than the people and the loss of the people is more", "sonorous" refers to the sonorous and powerful words, "Wenhua" refers to the beauty of the article, both of which are the appearance of the article, for the "shape" rather than the "god", Shen Zhou reflected on the unconscious trapped by the "form" and "thing", and came to the conclusion that the thing "harms many people", in fact, the article and his entire mental state are mentioned in the metaphysical world Shen Zhou, who was a painter, easily further established the concept of emphasizing "God" and "intention".
At the end of the article, Shen Zhou proposed to himself: "When you sit alone with one heart, under a longer candle, because you seek the truth of things and the wonder of your mind and body, you think that the place where you cultivate your own things will be gained." At this time, Shen Zhou completely transformed all things into himself, and the state of mind after the purification belonged to the self and also blended with nature.
Five hundred words of essay inscriptions write about events and feelings, philosophical thinking is concise and clear, Shen Zhou's way of thinking follows his own identity as a painter, moving towards metaphysical freehand, during which the artistic conception is not deliberately created and fully understood, and the meaning of the brush of "Night Sitting" pours out in the interweaving of the text.
【Tips】Some of the pictures in the text come from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author, which is only expressed with pictures. If you have any questions, please contact [Songlan Book Club Bachelor] to explain, thank you very much.