Of all the people who walk into the hospital and consult about IVF, a considerable number of people are in a state of confusion and ignorance, the so-called IVF, is only a vague concept in their minds, or they only see the tip of the iceberg, and even take many detours for it.
Many people who have tried IVF may have experienced the experience of coming to the crowded hospital hall with all their might, but feeling that they do not know "where to go", this lonely and helpless situation is especially strong for couples who are infertile and seek medical treatment.
Therefore, before embarking on this romantic journey of IVF, we must also be prepared to be prepared.
First of all, the first thing we need to understand is, what exactly is IVF?
In fact, IVF is just a popular name for the public, it has a unique term in medicine, called in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), as a special fertility technology, can help patients who are unable to have children for various reasons to achieve the purpose of conception.
From the birth of the first "IVF baby" to the time these babies started a family and have their own next generation, IVF assisted reproductive technology has been used clinically for more than 40 years, from the first generation to the fourth generation.
The first generation of IVF-ET, also known as conventional IVF, is the mature egg taken from the female ovary, sperm, egg in vitro Petri dish freely combined, fertilized and developed into an embryo, and then select the development of a relatively high-quality embryo transfer to the female patient's uterus, embryo development and birth of the baby technology.
The most widely used technology is mainly aimed at female infertility people, when women due to tubal obstruction, ovulation disorders, endometry and other problems leading to infertility, the eggs are taken directly from the ovary, in vitro with the sperm combined.
However, this technology also has certain limitations, I once received an older couple, married for many years have not been pregnant, for this reason, they have used any "tricks", and finally decided to come to the hospital for examination, in the process of conversation, the husband has been quite complaining, but the final test results came out, the cause of infertility was the husband, not the wife.
In this case, if they decide to do IVF, they apply it to a second-generation IVF technique, also known as intracytoplasmic sperm microinjection (ICSI) technique. This technique is the opposite of the first generation of technology and is mainly aimed at male infertility.
Through microsemination technology, doctors select one of the most energetic lucky ones from thousands of sperm, directly inject them into the egg for fertilization, form an embryo, and then implant the embryo into the uterus for the purpose of pregnancy.
Compared with the first generation of IVF technology, this method of fertilization has a greater probability of success, but due to technical reasons, the second generation of IVF is affected by sperm quality and egg status, and there is still a great genetic risk. In order to protect the health of babies, the third generation of IVF technology, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), is beginning to attract attention.
Compared with the first two technologies, the significance of the third generation of IVF technology is that embryos can be screened before transfer, which can prevent the transmission of genetic diseases. In simple terms, it is through molecular genetic means to screen the embryos that have been formed, screen out the embryos with defective genes, and transfer healthy embryos into the female uterus.
It can be said that the third generation of IVF technology is a milestone in IVF technology, which greatly improves the fertility problems of people with chromosome problems, prevents the transmission of genetic diseases, selects healthy blastocyst transplantation, and also greatly improves the success rate of transplantation to ensure eugenics.
In addition, because the fourth generation of follicular cytoplasm replacement technology is still in the initial stage of theoretical practice, it has not been widely used in clinical practice, so it will not be introduced for the time being.
After listening to this, some people may ask, the rapid development of IVF technology, is it like the replacement of mobile phones, the new generation of technology will be better than the previous generation of technology?
This answer is not necessarily absolute, for IVF technology, the arrangement of numbers does not represent the difficulty or advanced level of technology, but represents a different population.
For example, the first generation of IVF is suitable for infertility caused by female causes, endometriosis, immune infertility, severe fallopian tube diseases and so on. The second generation of IVF technology is suitable for infertility patients caused by male causes, mainly severe deformity, oligospermia, weak spermatozoa, immune infertility, conventional ivory fertilization failure and other reasons. Second-generation IVF can also be used for assisted conception if the woman has anti-sperm antibodies or if the fertilization rate of the first generation ivy infant is less than 20%.
The third generation of IVF technology is suitable for patients with high-risk genetic diseases and birth defects, such as people with chain recessive genetic diseases, ungene genetic diseases, and abnormal chromosomal structure and number. In addition, women with difficulty ovulating, women's ovarian failure, adenomyosis, men with oligospermia, and patients with weak sperm can also be assisted in conception through third-generation IVF technology.
In addition, the third generation of IVF is also particularly suitable for some elderly, recurrent miscarriages, couples with X-related diseases, theoretically achieving the purpose of eugenics, to a large extent, to ensure that couples conceive a sound next generation.
The first time to do IVF, in the face of various professional terms, all kinds of form instruments, many people will feel confused and helpless, even overwhelmed, these are normal, but do not be frightened by all kinds of strange professional terms, confused.
When you understand, as long as you choose the most suitable way for yourself according to your actual situation, and cooperate with the doctor's diagnosis and treatment process, it is actually not as difficult as you think.