If the poem is a brocade, then the allusion is gorgeous embroidery, a wave of water, a piece of bird feathers, all have a deep "exquisite".
Exquisite writing can find the origin of poetry; just the right allusion can find the destination of poetry.
After remembering it all, even if you can't "gamble on books and pour tea", you can also understand the "poetry book China" at a deeper level.
Fall of the country
During the reign of Emperor Wu of The Han Dynasty, Li Yannian, the governor of the Imperial Household, sang in front of Emperor Wu:
There are beautiful people in the north, unique and independent.
One look at the city of the people, and then look at the country of the people.
Ning did not know the fall of the city,
Beauty is hard to come by.
Emperor Wu was infinitely fascinated, and sighed for a long time: "Is there such a person in the world?" Princess Pingyang said that Li Yannian had a sister, with a unique posture and a good dance.
Emperor Wu summoned him and incorporated him into the harem, lady Li, who was later deeply favored.
The term "falling into the country", that is, used to describe the beauty of women, is quoted many times in literary works.
Broken mirror re-round
Xu Deyan, a descendant of the Southern Dynasty Chen Dynasty, was married to Princess Lechang, the sister of Lord Chen Hou. Because of the great chaos in the world, the country died without a day.
I am afraid that once the country is destroyed, when the chaos is gone, the husband and wife will be separated, so the bronze mirror will be broken into two, and the husband and wife will each hold half of it, and meet him on the fifteenth day of the first month of the year to sell the mirror city to seek a meeting.
Before long, Chen Guo was destroyed by Sui. The princess was captured by Yang Su, the Duke of Yueguo, a major vassal of the Sui Dynasty, and was extremely favored.
Deyan wandered to the capital, and encountered a servant selling broken mirrors on the street, which was in line with the half of his hiding. On the inscription of the poem:
The mirror goes with the person, and the mirror returns to the person.
There is no shadow of Chang'e, leaving the bright moon in the air.
The princess saw the poem and wept bitterly. After Yang Su learned about it, he was greatly moved and finally reunited them. Later, the couple was reunited after separation with the metaphor of "breaking the mirror and reuniting".
Stringless
Tao Yuanming, a poet of the Jin Dynasty, although he was not good at playing the piano, he put a "stringless piano" and stroked the piano as sustenance whenever he was drunk.
The Song Dynasty literary scholar Ouyang Xiu composed "On the Qin Paste", claiming that he had obtained three pianos in succession, and one was more expensive than the other. But "the more prosperous the official, the more expensive the piano, and the less happy it is." ”
When he was appointed to the Yiling County Order, the sun and the green mountains and rivers were neighbors, so the piano was not good and self-satisfied; the official to the housekeeper, after the bachelor, ran between the dust, Vanity Fair, the thoughts were confused, that is, playing the famous piano, it was also boring. Yin Yun: "It is known that people are not in the piano, and if the mind is self-sufficient, there is no Xuan." ”
Su Shi's "Qin Poem" Yun:
If there is a sound on the piano,
Why not sound in the turn?
If the words are on the fingers,
Why not listen to the king's finger?
The sound of this uniform statement is not in the piano, and its meaning is translated from Tao Yuanming's "stringless piano".
Zhang Tai Liu
The Tang Dynasty poet Han Hong was one of the ten talents of the Great Calendar, and when he lived in Beijing, he had a Ji Liu clan, and his talent was complete. Later Han Yu served as an aide to Hou Xiyi, the envoy of Ziqing Jiedushi.
At the time of the Anshi Rebellion, he did not dare to take Liu Shi to his post. After three years of separation, they could not be reunited, because of the message Of Liu Shiyun:
Zhang Tai Liu, Zhang Tai Liu,
Is the past still in the present?
Even though the strips are like old hanging,
You should also fold the hands of others.
Liu also has a word cloud:
Willow branches, Fangfei festival,
Hateful parting every year.
A leaf with the wind suddenly announces autumn,
Even if the king comes, will he be broken?
Because of her beauty and solitude, she was afraid of accidents, so she became a nun. Soon after being robbed by the Fan general Sha Zhaoli, Hou Lai Yuhou rescued Xu Jun with a trick and was reunited.
Later generations named Han Hong sent the word "Zhangtai Liu" (章台柳). "Zhangtai Liu" is also used as a way to climb the fold, and the willow wall flower refers specifically to characters such as prostitutes.
Peach blossoms
The Tang poet Cui Hu, with very beautiful qualifications, traveled alone in Chang'an Nanzhuang in the Qingming Dynasty, to a village, saw flowers and trees, and there was no sound. Because of his thirst, he knocked on the door and asked for pulp.
For a long time, a woman answered the door and held a glass of water to sit down. The woman leans alone in front of the court with a peach blossom slanting river, and her posture is chuchu and moving; her gaze is opposite, and she seems to have infinite affection.
Cui Hu picked at it with his words, and should not. Look at each other for a long time. Cui resigned, and the woman was sent to the door, as if she was overwhelmed.
The following year, Cui Hu recalled this matter, and he could not be encountered, and visited again, only to see that the gate courtyard was the same, and the flat lock was empty. In addition to the sorrow, it is inscribed with a poem on the door:
Last year today in this door,
The human face is red with peach blossoms.
The face of man does not know where to go,
Peach blossoms are still smiling spring breeze!
In the poems of later generations, the "peach blossom on the face of a person" is often used as a metaphor for the sad mood of a man meeting a woman and never seeing him again after coming.
Candlelight night tour
Nineteen Ancient Songs:
Life is less than a hundred, often with a thousand years of worry.
The days are short and the nights are long, so why not swim with candles.
When Cao Pi was the son of the Prince of Wei, he befriended Wu Qian. In the twenty-second year of the jian'an epidemic, Xu Gan, Liu Zhen, Chen Lin, Wang Cang, etc. in the "Seven Sons of Jian'an" all died of dysentery, and Cao Pi should write a book and Wu Qian, and persuade him to spare time and entertain himself.
In the book, there is a sentence that "the ancients thought of the night tour of the candle, and the good has to be also", and the posterity used the metaphor of "night tour with candles" to have fun in time.
Li Bai's "Spring Night Feast Peach plum garden preface" "The ancients traveled by candlelight at night, and there was good and good. The original language of Cao Pi is used, and only one word of "si" is omitted. Later, it was extended to look at the flowers with candles.
White Cloud Dog
In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, Wang Jiyou served in the shogunate of Yuzhang County.
The poet Du Fu had a friendship with Wang Jiyou, pitied him for his erudition but was frustrated by his career, and was betrayed by his wife, and wrote a poem "Lamentable", the first four sentences said:
The clouds in the sky are like white clothes,
Si must change like a dog.
There has been a common time in the past and the present,
Everything in life is there.
The poem uses the clouds in the sky to turn over the pale and yellow changes, comparing the glory and ups and downs of life. "White Cloud Dog", later used as a metaphor for the rapid changes in the world.
The Song Dynasty poet Zhang Yuangan has the sentence "The white-clothed dog becomes a floating cloud, and the floating name of the ancient times gathers dust".
Leafy greenery
The Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu, when he was serving as an aide in Xuancheng, was invited by Cui Shishi of Huzhou to be a guest.
In Huzhou, he met a young girl, who was at the end of the year and was quite in love with her, and married her ten years after parting.
After that, he traveled for many years, until fourteen years later, he was appointed as the Assassin of Huzhou, and Fang returned to the old land, and the young girl who met that year had been married for three years and had given birth to two sons.
Du Mu was overwhelmed with sorrow and composed the poem "Sighing Flowers" to express his regret. Poetry:
Since I went to school late in search of spring,
There is no need to complain about flowers.
The wind fell a deep red,
The green leaves are shaded and full of branches.
Later generations used the "green leaves" to refer to the woman as having married and having children.
The Song poet Ouyang Xiu also had a similar experience, once had a poem cloud: "Liu Shu has gone to the spring color, and begonias should hate me for being late." The language is different, and the poetry of "green leaves" of Du Mu is realized.
Childhood
Li Bai's "Long Dry Line" writes:
Lang rode a bamboo horse and went around the bed to get green plums.
Living together for thousands of miles, two small guesses.
Describe the innocent and innocent shape of young boys and girls, intimate and playful. He also used the metaphor of "two little unsuspecting" to refer to the innocence and purity of young men and young women, and they got along well with each other.
For example, "Liaozhai Zhiyi Jiangcheng": "Weng younu, small character Jiangcheng, with the same armor, when they are eight or nine years old, two small no guess, playing together every day." ”
Mare's nest
Flowers in the mirror, the moon in the water, the world often uses metaphors for illusory and unattainable things, but poets often use metaphors for hazy and ethereal moods.
For example, Song Yanyu used Buddhism to discuss poetry and advocated mysterious enlightenment, he said:
Therefore, its wonderful point, thorough and exquisite, can not be docked.
Like the sound of the air, the color of the picture, the moon in the water,
The image in the mirror is endless and the meaning is endless.
And Ming Xie Zhen on the poetry cloud:
Poetry has unsolvable and unsolvable, does not have to be solved,
If the water moon mirror flower, do not muddy its traces can also.
Use the "mirror flower water moon" as a metaphor for the ineffable wonders of poetry.
In poetry, there are too many allusions waiting for us to realize, too many and too many beauty, waiting for us to discover, to feel the most beautiful emotions, the most beautiful world.
May you feel beauty in poetry, and may your life be beautiful everywhere.
*Source: The material comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author.