The general trend of the world will be united for a long time, and it will be divided for a long time. After Sun Liu's army defeated Cao's army at the Battle of Chibi in 208 BC, Cao Cao retreated to the north, Liu Bei occupied Jing and Yi'er Prefectures, Sun Quan consolidated the strength of Jiangdong, and the land of China gradually formed a situation of three kingdoms.
"Reviving the Han Room, Returning to the Old Capital". This was Zhuge Liang's lifelong wish, when Zhuge Liang first went out of the Qishan Northern Expedition, Cao Zhen led a large army to block Zhuge Liang.
When the two armies were fighting, Zhuge Liang and Sima Wang Lang of the State of Wei confronted each other in front of the two armies, and with three inches of uncorrupted tongue, they killed Wang Lang, but what Wang Lang said was reasonable, why did he still lose to Zhuge Liang?
The Art of Zhuge Liang's Debate
In the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", long before the Battle of Chibi, Zhuge Liang, the minister of Jiangdong, had already shown his superb debate ability. In 208 AD, Cao Cao led a large army south to Jiangdong to prepare for the unification of the world.
After Liu Bei learned of this news, he abandoned the city and led the people to flee to Jiangxia, at this time Cao Cao's army was already approaching Jiangdong, and above the court in Jiangdong, Sun Quan's men, in order to seek self-preservation, advised Sun Quan to surrender to Cao Cao and save Jiangdong from war, but only Lu Su advocated joining forces with Liu To resist Cao.
Lu Su invited Zhuge Liang to Jiangdong, hoping that Zhuge Liang would persuade the Jiangdong monarchs to join forces with Liu Bei to resist Cao Cao. The Qunchen in Jiangdong despised Zhuge Liang very much, and before he met Sun Quan, the Qunchen first met with Zhuge Liang, and they wanted to kill Zhuge Liang's prestige, so there was an allusion to the "Tongue Battle Group Confucianism".
Zhuge Liang looked at ease in the face of a series of questions raised by Jiangdong's courtiers. First, he answered the questions raised by the group of ministers with "defense", and then took the defense as the attack, proposed different solutions to different problems, and broke them one by one.
Zhuge Liang was exuberant and majestic, and used his clear thinking and excellent eloquence to make Jiangdong Qunchen dumbfounded and difficult to argue, and forcefully expressed the importance of Lian Liu Kangcao.
There is no doubt that Zhuge Liang won the victory in this debate, and he used the art of debate with great skill and brilliance. Then there is the world-known "talk and laugh, the tree ashes and smoke" Of Chibi Battle.
Zhuge Liang and Wang Lang debated the dispute
In the novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the confrontation between Zhuge Liang and Wang Lang can also be called a classic. When the two armies were fighting, Wang Lang and Zhuge Liang came to the front of the two armies, and the two planned to kill each other's prestige to improve the morale of each other's armies, taking this opportunity for Wang Lang to take the lead.
First of all, Wang Lang analyzed the general trend of the world at that time, since the Second Emperor Huan and Ling, the peasant revolts have been continuous, the princes in various places have turned against each other, and the eunuchs in the imperial court have controlled the government, and the Jiangshan Sheji has been in danger. This view is the consensus of Wang Lang and Zhuge Liang.
Wang Lang's second step was to join his own subjective ideas and objective facts, he said: I Taizu Wu Emperor, that is, Cao Cao, raised troops to seek thieves at the time of the great chaos in the world, and with superior strength eliminated many forces divided in the north, "swept away the Liuhe and swept the eight directions", so that the north was once again unified.
Wang Lang believed that Cao Cao's success did not depend on his power but on the destiny of heaven, and then Wang Lang first praised Zhuge Liang for "comparing himself to Guan Zhong and Le Yi", persuading Zhuge Liang that he should obey the Mandate of Heaven, not to be nameless, to retire and surrender, and that The State of Wei could also give him a high-ranking official Houlu, so that he could be safe and secure.
Wang Lang also said that the Wei state was strong, the army was strong, and the good generals were thousands of people, and Zhuge Liang's Shu army was vulnerable, and Wang Lang's words undoubtedly greatly enhanced the momentum of the Wei army. This move is wang lang's third step, adding his own subjective imagination.
After listening to Wang Lang's speech, Zhuge Liang looked up at the sky and laughed and then began to fight back against Wang Lang, Zhuge Liang originally thought that Wang Lang was an old minister of the Han Dynasty, and the words he said would be different, but at this time Zhuge Liang thought that Wang Lang was a rude person.
First of all, Zhuge Liang also expounded the objective reasons, that is, the background of the era at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and secondly, Zhuge Liang asked: When the country is in trouble, what did Wang Situ do? He also said: "Wang Situ ju Xiaolian became an official of the imperial court, and should assist the imperial government, why did he turn to Cao Cao to conspire to usurp the throne."
After Zhuge Liang carried out a series of personal attacks on Wang Lang, Wang Lang was dumbfounded for a while, and he was so angry that his face was red. At this time, Zhuge Liang had to refute what Wang Lang believed was the "Mandate of Heaven", Zhuge Liang believed that Liu Bei, as the orthodox of the Han Dynasty, inherited the will of the imperial family, and that the real destiny of the Emperor was to raise troops to seek thieves, and Wang Lang, as a Han courtier, helped the Han thief, and what face did he have to face the twenty-four former emperors of the Han Dynasty after entering the land.
When Zhuge Liang said this, Wang Lang was furious and attacked his heart, spitting blood and falling off his horse and dying. Zhuge Liang won another victory in this debate, and the two sides stood on the perspective of their own interests, each as its own master, and expounded its own views.
The reason for Wang Lang's failure
Luo Guanzhong's era is the era of the late Yuan and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the peasant revolt at the end of the Yuan, Zhu Yuanzhang overthrew the rule of the Yuan Dynasty to establish the Ming Dynasty, based on the background of the times, Luo Guanzhong regarded the Shu Han as a symbol of the Han nationality is the orthodox status, so he supports the Han regime, and this also sets off Mr. Luo Guanzhong's patriotic feelings, loyal to the country and the nation.
Zhuge Liang was the chancellor of the Shu Han Dynasty, and Wang Lang was the Situ of the State of Wei, although Wang Lang's words were reasonable, but he had once been a Han chen who turned against the State of Wei, eating Han Lu and serving as a Han official, but did not serve the Han Dynasty, after all, he was not orthodox in the Wei camp, and the failure was expected.
Secondly, Zhuge Liang was good at debate, reversed qiankun, flexibly and flexibly in the debate to find a breakthrough, pressing forward step by step, giving the enemy a fatal blow, and finally winning the debate.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a special historical product of a specific period, a yearning for a better life, adapting to the requirements of the times, and also reflecting the choice of politics and politicians of that era.