Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned for more than 50 years.
Where did you get your billions of dollars,
Why was all the inheritance donated to the United States after death?
October 14, 2001
Zhang Xueliang, a famous anti-Japanese patriotic general who died of illness in Honolulu, USA, at the age of 101.
His act of donating all his billions of his family wealth to the United States before his death is unbelievable.
The origin of his hundreds of millions of family fortunes and his life imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek after the "Xi'an Incident" are also curious.
Turbulent birth, courtesy
In 1901, after the Eight-Power Alliance invaded Peiping, Tsarist Russia had just occupied the northeast
。
The arrogant Tsarist Russia burned and plundered, and did no evil, and the northeast was suddenly plunged into a situation of horse thieves cholera and thieves everywhere. For a while, officials and businessmen were in danger, and the people were not happy.
On June 3, a carriage carrying a pregnant woman had just entered Tai'an territory when the cries of babies were heard, and the wife of Zhang Zuolin, the leader of the warlords on the hegemonic side, gave birth to her first baby boy on the carriage.
Zhang Zuolin was overjoyed and placed great love on this child born on horseback, hoping that he would be able to inherit his father's business and make achievements in the future. Therefore, he took Zhang Liang's "Liang" character and named his eldest son Zhang Xueliang, which means to learn Zhang Liang, wisdom and courage.
As we all know, Zhang Liang, the "sage of a generation," was a founding hero of the Western Han Dynasty, one of the "Three Masters of the Early Han Dynasty," and the most trusted chief of the general staff of Han Gaozu' Liu Bang. Liu Bang created the Western Han Dynasty, and Zhang Liang can be said to have contributed to it.
Zhang Zuolin, who is familiar with history, greatly admires Zhang Liang and admires Zhang Liang's strategic courage in strategizing and winning thousands of miles away. The word "Xueliang" is the high hope that Zhang Zuolin and Feng Delin placed on Zhang Xueliang, and it is also a beautiful expectation for the future of this child.
Later, Wu Peifu learned that Zhang Xueliang had no words. He proposed that since he studied Zhang Liang and Zhang Liang was a courtier of the Han Dynasty, it was better to give Zhang Xueliang the word Hanqing. Zhang Zuolin listened and hurriedly praised it.
Zhang Xueliang's younger brothers Xueming, Xuezeng and the fourth brother Xuesi took the characters Xiqing, Yuanqing, and Shuqing from Hanqing in turn. Even when Zhang Xueliang was engaged in underground work, he also used Zhang Shuqing as a pseudonym.
Zhang Xueliang's milk name is Xizi and the sixth son, and the young Zhang Xueliang lives with his mother in Zhangjiawobao, Sangshulinzi Township, Tai'an, Liaoning Province. Under the care of his mother and neighbors, Zhang Xueliang's childhood was free and happy.
After the death of his mother, 7-year-old Zhang Xueliang came to live with his father. At this time, after years of hard work, Zhang Zuolin had become a well-known "King of northeast China", and Zhang Zuolin's family also moved to Fengtian.
Zhang Zuolin's conservative feudal thinking and old-fashioned paternalistic style made Zhang Xueliang, who was active by nature, feel unusually depressed. This prestigious and Zhumen mansion is like a golden wire birdcage to Zhang Xueliang.
Zhang Xueliang, whose pressure reached a critical point, won with surprise and repeatedly broke through Zhang Fu's family law precepts to enrich his childhood life and challenge Zhang Zuolin's bottom line.
Zhang Zuolin had 8 sons and 6 daughters in his lifetime. Under the leadership of Zhang Xueliang, he challenged mr. Private School's old teaching style; led his brothers and sisters to hide and hide in Zhang Mansion; and even dared to teach the Japanese who were flying in China in their own way.
The dull atmosphere of Zhang Mansion, because Zhang Xueliang longed for it"
Breathe freely
"The approach is full of freedom and confidence. Although Zhang Zuolin had a headache with Zhang Xueliang, he was very appreciative of the fortitude and courage in Zhang Xueliang's bones.
Zhang Xueliang's excellent organizational skills and leadership skills have played to the extreme in leading his brothers and sisters to challenge his father's authority, so that Zhang Zuolin once suspected that Zhang Xueliang was a wrongdoer in his past life.
In the special era of unpredictable situations and frequent wars in the northeast, Zhang Zuolin constantly calmed down the war on the one hand, and on the other hand, he deliberately trained Zhang Xueliang to join the army. He even did not hesitate to stifle Zhang Xueliang's idea of studying medicine and prevent Zhang Xueliang from studying in the United States.
The so-called "tiger father has no dog", under the cultivation of his father, Zhang Xueliang absorbed the nutrients of Western culture, and even made friends with some people with open-minded aspirations, and gradually grew into a young man of the new era who was independent in thought, wise and courageous, believed in peace, and was tolerant and kind.
The son inherits his father's business and lives half his life
In 1920
Zhang Xueliang, who graduated from the Northeast Provincial Army Lecture Hall with the first place in the artillery section, held an important position in the Fengzhi Army
Faced with internal and external troubles and the increasingly prominent expansionist ambitions of the Japanese invaders, Zhang Zuolin, under the coercion and inducement of the Japanese, insisted on the bottom line and refused to provide Any interest-related benefits to Japan, which angered the Japanese. The Japanese designed an ambush to kill Zhang Zuolin, triggering the Huanggutun Incident.
The "Huanggutun Incident" not only enabled Zhang Xueliang to further see the evil face of the Japanese, but also aroused the patriotic feelings in the bones of this patriotic celebrity, and strengthened Zhang Xueliang's determination to obey the rule of the National Government in Nanjing, abide by the Three People's Principles, and unanimously resist Japan.
In December 1928, Zhang Xueliang, then commander-in-chief of the Northeast Security Army, decided to change the flag in pain, and at the same time lowered the five-color flag of the Beiyang warlords in the northeastern provinces and raised the flag of the National Government in Nanjing, ending the years of scuffle between the Beiyang warlords.
Inspired by the national anti-Japanese wave and the struggle of the Communist Party, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng stopped the civil war with the Red Army. Chiang Kai-shek, who had always advocated "staying inside and outside the country," rushed to Xi'an to urge Zhang Xueliang to attack the Red Army in northern Shaanxi. Zhang Xueliang, who joined the civil war at the age of 19, experienced the baptism of war and the departure of his father, and was well aware of the harm of the civil war. Together with Yang Hucheng, he advised Chiang Kai-shek to unite with the Communists to resist Japan.
Chiang Kai-shek was stubborn in his own opinions and insisted that the policy decision of "keeping the outside world at home" clashed with Zhang Xueliang's proposition of "keeping the outside and the outside at home." After the advice was fruitless, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, who had always been reluctant to be manipulated, organized a shock to shock China and foreign countries."
Xi'an Incident
The soldiers detained Chiang Kai-shek. He also made it clear that "as long as Chiang Kai-shek agrees to the War of Resistance, we will still support him as his leader." ”
The Xi'an Incident favorablely promoted the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and while forming the anti-Japanese national united front between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, it also favorablely reversed the course of Chinese history.
The Xi'an Incident also made Chiang Kai-shek realize that joint resistance to Japan was the aspiration of the people, and while facing up to the historical development trend, Chiang Kai-shek took advantage of the situation and promised to stop the civil war and unite with the Communists to resist Japan.
After the Xi'an Incident, Zhang Xueliang insisted on escorting Chiang Kai-shek back to Nanjing safely. Before that, Chiang Kai-shek and Zhang Xueliang were close brothers.
The Xi'an Incident made Chiang Kai-shek feel the hearts of the people, and after arriving in Nanjing. Zhang Xueliang was imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek for 54 years.
This caged tiger should not be put in place
In 1975, on his deathbed, Chiang Kai-shek repeatedly warned Chiang Ching-kuo that "this caged tiger must not be let go!" At this time, Zhang Xueliang had been imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek for 39 years.
Why on earth did Chiang Kai-shek fear Zhang Xueliang and utter such words?
The reason for this is three considerations
：
One.
It was Zhang Xueliang who played a pivotal role in the success or failure of Chiang Kai-shek's life, and the prestige of the Northeast Army at that time was deeply rooted, and once Zhang Xueliang lifted the ban, its influence would be unpredictable;
Two.
It was Zhang Xueliang who forced Chiang Kai-shek to accept the idea of "holding outside and inside" and reversed the course of history, but it broke Chiang Kai-shek's heart. The inside story of Zhang Xueliang's imprisonment will affect Chiang Kai-shek's image once it is revealed;
Three.
Although Zhang Xueliang did not have outstanding achievements in military achievements, his behavior of adhering to the bottom line on the issue of the major rights and wrongs of the country and the nation is obvious to all, and his influence makes it impossible for Chiang Ching-kuo to control Zhang Xueliang.
Zhang Xueliang's patriotic feelings are not only reflected in his good brothers. There is also a certain embodiment in the treatment of the huge wealth left by his father Zhang Zuolin.
In 1931, the Japanese army occupying Shenyang recovered 2.56 million taels of gold from Zhang Xueliang's mansion, with a market value of 260 million silver dollars. At that time, the national fiscal revenue was more than 700 million, which meant that the gold retrieved from the Marshal's Mansion alone accounted for one-third of the total annual income of the National Government at that time.
Honjo Fan, who had been Zhang Zuolin's military adviser, and the commander-in-chief of the Japanese Kwantung Army at the time transported all the belongings looted from the Marshal's Mansion, including two wagons of antique calligraphy and paintings, from Fengtian to Beijing, in the name of returning them to Zhang Xueliang.
After Zhang Xueliang learned about it, the trustee said to Honzhuang, "If you want to pay it back, you should return the northeast to us!" ”
Honjo later shipped all the gold back to Japan, and Zhang Zuolin's life's huge wealth was divided.
Hundreds of millions of family wealth, all donated to the United States
After the defeat of the Kuomintang in Taiwan, Zhang Xueliang was taken to Taiwan
。 In the days of Zhang Xueliang's imprisonment, in view of the pressure of Song Meiling and his brother-in-law Song Ziwen, Chiang Kai-shek did not stop Zhang Xueliang's Feng Lu.
In addition, as a descendant of Zhang Zuolin, the "Siberian Tiger", although some of the family wealth was lost when Japan occupied the three eastern provinces. However, Zhang Xueliang's habit of collecting antique calligraphy and paintings has led to many valuable collections under his name.
Because Zhang Xueliang regretted the incident of giving up the northeast for life, after he was free, he decided to go to the United States to live for the elderly. He only auctioned the authentic works of Zheng Banqiao before going to the United States, etc., and received about 30 million yuan.
Zhang Xueliang's wife, Yu Fengzhi, has a deep affection for Zhang Xueliang. During Zhang Xueliang's house arrest, he not only rescued him through various connections and money, but also operated real estate and stock speculation in the United States, laying a certain foundation for Zhang Xueliang.
Among Zhang Xueliang's hundreds of millions of estates, there are not only antique calligraphy and paintings, cash, stocks, and real estate, but also some top-secret materials of the Northeast Army and Chiang Kai-shek, which have certain value for the study of sinology.
As a top international university, Columbia University in the United States not only had a department of sinology, but its preservation of literature and sinology research were quite in-depth at that time. Zhang Xueliang, who lived in the United States for many years, eventually donated his estate to it.
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