[Preface]
The History of the Jin Dynasty is ranked as the ninth of the Thirty Dynasties, and mainly records the history of the Jin Kingdom from Tang Shuyu (姬虞) to Jin Jinggong (姬酉酒) for about 600 years.
[History of the Jin Dynasty]
The Jin Dynasty was first sealed
The first prince of the Jin dynasty was Ji Yu, the son of King Wu of Zhou and the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou, who was known as Tang Shuyu because his fief was in the ancient Tang Kingdom (established by the descendants of Emperor Yao). After Tang Shuyu's son Ji Xie ascended the throne, he changed the name of the country to Jin.
Quwodai Wing
During the Reign of Marquis Mu of Jin, Lady Jiang gave birth to two sons, the eldest son was called Qiu, and the younger son was called Chengshi. Such a name was criticized by the Jin Dynasty Master Shifu as a disorder of the elder and young, and would eventually lead to civil unrest in the Jin Dynasty.
Later, the development of the history of the Jin Dynasty was indeed as expected by the master, and the branch of Qu Wo Huan (Ji Chengshi) began to "replace" the branch of the Marquis Wen of Jin (Ji Qiu) -
In the fifteenth year of the Jin Dynasty (725 BC), Quwo Zhuangbo invaded Yicheng and killed the Marquis of Jin;
In the sixth year of the Marquis of Jin (718 BC), the Marquis of Jin, Quwozhuang Boxing soldiers cut down the wing city;
In the ninth year of the Reign of the Marquis of Jin (709 BC), the Emperor Ting joined forces with the Duke of Quwowu to attack the Jin Dynasty and capture the Marquis of Jin;
In the first year of the Reign of Marquis Of Jin (709 BC), Duke Wu of Qu sent Han Wan to kill Marquis Aihou of Jin;
In the fourth year of the Jin Dynasty (706 BC), Qu Wowu killed the Marquis of Jin;
In the twenty-eighth year of the Marquis of Jin (679 BC), Duke Wu of Quwo killed Marquis Wu of Jin and bribed the King of Zhou with a treasure of the Jin Dynasty, and was listed as a prince by the King of Zhou, and Duke Wu of Quwo officially became the monarch of the State of Jin (i.e., the Duke of Jinwu), known in history as "Quwo Daiyi" (also known as "Quwo Daijin").
Li Ji's Rebellion
When the Jin Dynasty was dedicated, in order to avoid repeating the same mistakes, he did his best to chase after Uncle Qu Wo Huan and other descendants of Qu Wo Zhuang Bo.
In the fifth year of the Jin Dynasty (672 BC), the Jin Dynasty destroyed Li Rong, and the Jin Xiangong received Li Ji and her sister. Before this war, Jin Xiangong looked for someone to divinate, and the word he got was "tooth and tooth for disaster" (what is "tooth and tooth for disaster"?). Just look at what happens next).
Li Ji gained favor and gave birth to Duke Xian of Jin (also known as "Xi Qi"). Duke Xian of Jin intended to depose Crown Prince Shensheng and establish Qi instead. As a result, Duke Xian of Jin sent Crown Prince Shensheng, Gongzi Zhong'er, and Gongzi Yiwu to Quwo, Puyi, and Quyi respectively, while Dai Qi lived in the capital of Guodu, at the side of Duke Xian of Jin. This is not the end, Li Ji will further "pave the way" for Qi Qi. In the twenty-first year of the Jin Dynasty (656 BC), Li Ji falsely accused the crown prince Shen Sheng, causing Shen Sheng to come from Han after shen sheng, and also rumored that gongzi Zhong'er and Yiwu caused Chong'er to flee to the State of Di and Yiwu to the State of Liang. In the twenty-sixth year of the Jin Dynasty (651 BC), the Duke of Jin died, and the Dai Qi and Mourning Sons (also known as "Zhuo Zi", born to Li Ji's sister) were killed by Dafu Rick. The State of Jin fell into a state of internal strife without a master, until Gongzi Yiwu was escorted back to China by the Qin army and became the monarch, that is, the Duke Hui of Jin.
Heavy ear whisperer
Gongzi Zhong'er was the son of Duke Xian of Jin, and when he was young, he liked to make friends with scholars, and at the age of seventeen, Zhong'er already had five sages around him, namely: Zhao Wan (Zhao Chengzi), Hu Yan (Uncle Zhong'er), Jia Tuo, Xianxun, and Wei Yi (Wei Wuzi).
When Duke Xian of Jin ascended the throne (676 BC), he was twenty-one years old.
In the thirteenth year of the Jin Dynasty (664 BC), Zhong'er was sent to Puyi.
In the twenty-second year of the Jin Dynasty (655 BC), the Duke of Jin Xian sent Gong Xiang to kill The Heavy Ear, and the Heavy Ear escaped over the wall, and finally fled to the Kingdom of Di. Di Guo attacked Guo Ruguo and captured two women. Di Guojun married the older woman to Zhong'er, and later gave birth to Bo Qi and Shu Liu; married the younger woman to Zhao Wan, and later gave birth to Zhao Dun. In the fifth year of the Di Kingdom, Duke Xian of Jin died.
In the seventh year of the Jin Dynasty (644 BC), the Duke Hui of Jin sent someone to hunt down and kill Zhong'er, and Zhong'er resumed his career as a fugitive.
Excessive wei, Wei Wengong is disrespectful;
To Qi, Qi Huan treated each other with kindness and married the daughter of the clan to Zhong'er. Heavy Ear lived in the State of Qi for five years;
Over Cao, Cao Gonggong was rude, and wanted to steal the ribs (ribs growing together) of the heavy ears;
After the Song Dynasty, the Duke xiang of Song treated each other with state courtesy;
Over Zheng, Zheng Wengong Fuli;
To Chu, King Cheng of Chu treated the princes with courtesy;
In Qin, Duke Mu of Qin married five clan daughters to Zhong'er.
In the fourteenth year of the Reign of Duke Hui of Jin (637 BC), Duke Hui of Jin died and was succeeded by Crown Prince Huan, the Duke of Huai of Jin. Qin Mugong sent troops to escort Zhong'er back to the Jin Dynasty. At this time, Zhong'er was sixty-two years old and had been in exile for nineteen years. Zhong'er established himself as the monarch, that is, the Duke wen of Jin. Duke Huai of Jin fled to Gaoliang, and Duke Wen of Jin sent someone to kill him.
In the second year of the Reign of Jin (635 BC), the Jin army assisted King Xiang of Zhou in quelling the rebellion of his uncle and escorted King Xiang of Zhou back to the Zhou capital Luoyi.
In the fourth year of the Jin Dynasty (633 BC), the Jin state established three armies (the middle army, the upper army, and the lower army).
In the fifth year of the Reign of Jin (632 BC), the Jin army invaded Cao and Wei, and defeated the Chu army at the Battle of Chengpu, and the Chu general Ziyu committed suicide. Duke Wen of Jin presided over the alliance of the land and became the overlord.
In the sixth year of the Jin Dynasty (631 BC), the Jin state began to create a three-line (left, middle, and right) military system.
In the seventh year of the Reign of Duke Wen of Jin (630 BC), the Jin and Qin dynasties were zheng.
In the ninth year of the Reign of Jin (628 BC), Duke Wen of Jin died.
The dictatorship of the Six Secretaries
Since the Duke Wen of Jin, the Jin Dynasty (such as the Hao clan, the Fox clan, the Xian clan, the Luan clan, the Xu clan, the Fan clan, the Zhongxing clan, the Zhi clan, the Zhao clan, the Wei clan, the Han clan, etc.) have become increasingly powerful, and later there has been a situation in which Qing Dafu and the Jin State Gongfu have competed for power, such as the fourteenth year of the Jin LingGong (607 BC), zhao Dun (Zhengqing), Zhao Pu (general) brothers killed the Jin Linggong.
In addition, there were frequent struggles between jin guoqing dafus, and by the sixth year of the Jin Ping duke (552 BC), the Luan clan was destroyed, and there were only six forces left in the Jin guoqing dafu's forces, namely: Fan, Zhongxing, Zhi, Han, Wei, and Zhao.
Behind the growing power of the Six Qings was the decline of the power of the Jin Dynasty.
The three families are divided into promotions
When the power of the Jin Dynasty declined, the contradictions between the six secretaries became prominent.
In the seventeenth year of the Jin Dynasty (458 BC), the fiefdoms of the Fan and Zhongxing clans were divided among the remaining four secretaries, of which the Zhi clan was the most powerful.
In the fourth year of the Jin Dynasty (438 BC), the Zhi clan was destroyed by the Zhao, Han, and Wei clans, and the fiefdoms were divided among the three families.
During the reign of Duke You of Jin, the monarch of the State of Jin only occupied the two places of Daidu and Quwo, and the office was to pay homage to the three families of Zhao, Han and Wei.
In the nineteenth year of the Duke of Jin (397 BC), King Weilie of Zhou enfeoffed the three families of Zhao, Han, and Wei as princes.
In the eighth year of the Reign of Jin Jing (349 BC), Marquis Wu of Wei, Marquis Aihou of Han, and Marquis Jing of Zhao jointly destroyed the Jin state and divided up the land of the Jin state. Jin Jinggong was reduced to a commoner, and the Jin state was extinct.
[Postscript]
In 349 BC, the Jin Dynasty was divided into three (Han, Zhao, and Wei), and in 280, the three divisions (Wei, Shu, and Wu) were returned to the Jin.
Sometimes when you think about it, history is still quite interesting.
——2022.1.11
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