The Cold Food Festival is a traditional Chinese festival and the only traditional festival named after food customs among the traditional festivals of the Han chinese nationality. The festival period is 105 days after the winter solstice and one or two days before the Qingming festival, so it has another name of "105 Festivals". After the tang john wang's calendar reform in the Qing Dynasty, the cold food festival was fixed on the day before the Qingming festival and is still used today.
The Cold Food Festival follows the old habit of changing fire in ancient times, originally called "Fire Ban Festival", also known as "No Smoking Festival" and "Cold Festival". Ancient ancestors held sacrifices at this time, extinguished the fire of the previous year, called "forbidden fire", and then re-drilled to obtain a new fire called "changing fire", there is an interval between the two, you must prepare cooked food as cold food to spend the day, that is, "cold food", the festival is also named "cold food festival". But when it comes to the origin of the Cold Food Festival, the most widely known is the story of the meson pushing "cutting the strands".
More than 2600 years ago, during the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of Duke Xiangong of Jin, Zhong'er, went into exile to avoid the chaos of Li Ji, and the road of exile was tortuous and turbulent, and most of Zhong'er's entourage ran to the future, leaving only a few people to faithfully follow, and Jiezi Tui was one of them. When defending the country, the heavy ear and his party mistakenly entered the wasteland, and the mezzo pushed the meat to cook soup to fill the heavy ear with hunger, and the heavy ear was deeply moved, indicating that there would be a reward for the future ascension to the throne.
19 years later, Zhong'er returned to China and became the Duke of Jin, but when rewarding the meritorious man, he only forgot about Jiezi Tui. Mezi Tui did not want to ask for merit and rewards, and took his mother to live in seclusion in the Mianshan Mountains. Later, many people shouted for the meson, Jin Wengong suddenly remembered the old things, and hurriedly sent someone to ask the meson to push back the first seal, but the meson pushed but refused, even if Jin Wengong personally went to please, he would not meet.
John Jennings / Photo
In order to force The Jiezi to push out the mountain, Jin Wengong ordered the mountain to be burned on three sides, leaving one side to push the Jiezi to escape. But I didn't want the fire to burn for three days and three nights, and I didn't see the meson push out. When the fire was extinguished, he found that Meiko Tui and his mother were holding a large willow tree, and they had died. When the body was buried, a blood poem left by Mezi Tui was found in the tree hole of the willow tree: "Cut the flesh and serve the king's heart, but I hope that the lord and prince will always be clear." Yanagishita is a ghost who will eventually disappear, and he seems to accompany the king as a courtier. If the Lord has me in his heart, remember me and always introspect myself. The subject has no shame in the Nine Springs, and is diligent and clear-sighted. After Jin Wen read it, he burst into tears.
Jin Wengong was grateful for the ambition of his son to promote his loyal subjects, and ordered the construction of a temple for him, and the annual death day banned the fire and cold food in the country, and the passage of time became the "cold food festival", which has been continued for more than two thousand years without interruption.
Cold food
Don Wei Yingwu
Qingming cold food is good, spring garden hundreds of opening.
The colored rope whisks the flowers away, and the light ball degree cabinet comes.
Long songs send the sunset, slowly blowing away the remnants of the cup.
Non-closed no candles, good for the thoughts of urging.
Cold food was once known as the first festival day in Chinese folk, and there are many festivals.
No fire. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the "forbidden fire" of cold food was repeatedly banned, and even the royal family participated in the Tang Dynasty, which shows the firmness and sincerity of China's pursuit of the sages.
Food customs. There are many diets dedicated to cold food, and most of them have profound meanings. Such as Shanxi, Gansu, Shaanxi and other places of the "snake pan rabbit", with flour kneaded into the shape of "snake" and "rabbit", "snake" represents the mother of the meson push, "rabbit" represents the meson push, entangled together, reflecting filial piety, in the dialect of Shanxi Jiexiu, "snake pan rabbit" and "must be rich" is a harmonic sound, so it is also a way to send good wishes. There are also "Han Yan'er", also known as "Zi Tui Yan", which is worn with wicker after being done to commemorate the zi Tui and teach children and grandchildren not to forget the grace of nurturing. Cold powder, cold noodles, cold cakes in jinnan region, as well as cold porridge, cold food noodles, cold food pulp, and green rice that can be seen throughout the country, are all common diets of the cold food festival, and the ancestors have spent so much effort on the "research and development" of cold food, which shows the importance attached to the cold food festival.
Anthony Ievlev / Photo
Cutting willows. The willow is the messenger of primrose and the symbol of the Cold Food Festival. The cold food festival willow cutting has the meaning of nostalgia for the political Qingming of the meson push, and there are records of "cold food willow cutting" in the literature from the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty. In the ancient Chinese Chu Di nian season style story of the notebook style collection "Jing Chu Shi Ji Ji" has a record of "Jianghuai cold food day family folding willow insertion door", willow insertion since ancient times, in the folk all over the popular, the ancients with its forecast weather, record the season, song Dynasty Zhao Yunchen also wrote: "Lonely Chaimen village, also teach the willow to record the year. "This shows the popularity of this custom.
Zhang Kaiyv / Photo
Poetry. During the cold food and The Qing Dynasty, people sacrificed sweeping, stepping on the green, and swimming in the spring, immersed in it, touching the scenery and feelings, whether it was a literati or a rioter, they had to leave a poem. In the Qing Dynasty, Hongsheng's "Seven Degrees of Cold Food, He Zeng Sweeps the Graveyard" tells the nostalgia of the wanderer; the five generations of cloud watches "look at Guo Waichun when they eat cold food, and the wildlings hurt everywhere" to express their indifference to the origins and goings of life; Wang Jian's "cutting off new clothes and stepping on them, it is still like last year" lamenting that things are not human... According to the investigation, there are more than 300 cold food poems in the "Quan Tang Poems", and there are more than 100 Song Jinyuan songs, which are breathtaking in both quantity and quality.
Luke Chui / 摄
swing. The swing was originally a ride for the court women of the ancient Cold Food Festival. The Fifth Dynasty Wang Renyu's "Testament of Kaiyuan Tianbao" says that "the Winter Food Festival in the Tianbao Palace actually erected a swing, which made the palace concubines laugh and think that it was a feast." Emperor Hu is a half-immortal play, so the people of the capital are called", after the Tang and Song Dynasties, this custom was popularized and became a traditional folk game.
Throw (tuó). "Throwing" is a folk game of throwing stones from others in the Song Dynasty, similar to the later "hitting tiles". Zhang Kan of the Song Dynasty once had a poem: "Five-five-three-three thrown busy, willow silk deep reflection Pi Tang." It can be seen that "throwing" was very popular at that time.
In addition to the above customs and activities, the Cold Food Festival also has a wide range of activities such as feasting, flower viewing, cockfighting, chicken skeletonization, hook (tug-of-war), kicking balls, drilling wood for fire, flying kites, and fighting hundreds of grasses. In the Cold Food Festival, everywhere is full of spring vitality and warmth.
Magnolia otoko Wu Xing cold food
Song Zhang Xian
Dragon head sternness Wu Erjing. Bamboo shoot swing girl and. Fangzhou picked up the green twilight and forgot to return, and Hideno stepped on the green uncertainly.
After the clouds go to the Remote Mountains. The song pond courtyard has been put on. The moonlight in the atrium is clear, and countless Yang flowers have passed without a shadow.
The Cold Food Festival is people's praise and pursuit of loyalty, integrity, and political clarity. Although the festivals of cold food and Qingming are also integrated with each other in the change of generations, cold food, as a traditional festival that embodies the ancestral culture of the Chinese nation, has finally survived, and the festival customs have continued to this day.
The Cold Food Festival, the forbidden stove fire, beats in a different position, and warms thousands of hearts.
Source | Xiaoxiang Poetry Society
Edit | Tan Sweet
Audit | Zhang Jiyang
Producer | Huang called Zhong, Qu Jia